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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracranial haemodynamics in diffuse and focal brain injuries. Evaluation with transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 107 (1990), S. 5-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Severe head injury ; haemodynamic ; ICP ; ultrasonography ; TCD
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Intracranial haemodynamics were studied in 20 patients with diffuse and focal brain injury and experimental animals with acute intracranial hypertension by the use of TCD ultrasound. The mean flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) commonly decreased on the side of the haematoma depending on intracranial pressure (ICP) elevation and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) reduction in focal injury. The decrease of the MCA flow velocity returned to normal after treatment. The flow velocities decreased bilaterally and there was no difference between the right and left side in diffuse injury. But the velocities increased in spite of ICP elevation when diffuse cerebral swelling developed. Cerebrovascular CO2 reactivity was impaired in two groups of patients with low Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores. The mean velocity of the MCA and blood flow in the internal carotid artery exhibited flow patterns which changed correlatively depending on CPP reduction in experimental animals. Noninvasive study by use of TCD ultrasound can provide valuable information on variant haemodynamic phenomena in patients with diffuse and focal brain injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01402605
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The microvascular architecture of human malignant glioma (1988)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 76 (1988), S. 270-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Malignant glioma ; Microvascular architecture ; Scanning electron microscope ; Vascular casting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The three-dimensional microvascular architecture of human glioma was investigated. The results of the study, the first of its kind, suggested that the process of vascularization in glioma is based on two patterns. In a large proportion of the glioma, one pattern is similar to the vascularization observed in normal developing fetal and newborn rat brain, while in a small proportion of the glioma, another pattern including complicated vascular protrusion and spiral running, is seen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687774
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cerebral endothelial regeneration following experimental brain injury (1989)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 77 (1989), S. 397-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Blood-brain barrier ; Bromodeoxyuridine ; Cerebral endothelium ; Immunohistochemistry ; Regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary It is still unknown when and in which area endothelial regeneration occurs after brain injury, and to what extent such changes depend on the severity of the injury. We have, therefore, studied bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) uptake by regenerating endothelial cells in two different groups of rats given cold lesions using immunohistochemistry employing anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody, anti-factor VIII-related antigen antibody and anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein antibody. The earliest evidence for the presence of BrdU-positive endothelial cells (BrdU+end) was observed at 2 days after injury, the injured endothelial cells regenerating from the edge toward the center of the lesion in both groups. We considered that edema fluid could act as an important factor, since at 2 days post-injury BrdU+end were not in contact with macrophages and were always found in Evans blue-stained areas. Study of endothelial cell kinetics also confirmed that the repair of injured endothelial cells was intimately involved in the reconstruction of the blood-brain barrier, since the time of disappearance of BrdU+end coincided with the disappearance of Evans blue-stained areas. The difference in the process of endothelial regeneration was first apparent on the 3rd day, there being no difference at 2 days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687374
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on feeding repellents for fishes and shellfishes (1992)
    Springer
    Marine biology 112 (1992), S. 383-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The present study on chemotaxis activity was conducted between May 1989 and March 1990. In order to establish a chemotaxis index, with special reference to a repellence index of food for black abalone Haliotis discus, a logistic curve y=g/{1+ exp [-r(j-a)]}, where g, r and a are constants, was applied to time-courses of abalone responses to fresh and spoiled algal extracts. The time-courses were respresented by the number of individuals (y i) displaying three behaviors (entering. leaving and remaining in a test compartment with algal sample) over time (j=1 to 10, 2-min intervals). Repellence and attraction specimens were prepared from a homogenate of green laver Ulva pertusa allowed to spoil for 2, 4 and 6 d at 40°C, and from fresh homogenate, respectively. Of 32 time-courses (estimated according to a method whereby the observed number was weighted by j for each behavior, involving 30 individuals), 32 “entered”, 19 “left” and 19 “remained” time-courses fitted the curve at the 0.10 level, as determined by a chi-square test. A general evaluation of repellence and attraction, determined by observable behavior, agreed well with the difference in a between the dummy (control) and specimen curves, and with the ratio of a in the dummy curve to a in the specimen curve, for logistic curves fitted to the “entred” time-course. The difference was 〉0 and the ratio was 〉1 in the repellence index, and 〈0 or 〈1 respectively in the attraction index. The validity of the indexes was ascertained using food specimens prepared from three kinds of algae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00356283
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of dopamine on veins in humans: comparison with noradrenaline and influence of age (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 54 (1998), S. 227-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Noradrenaline ; Dopamine ; Venoconstriction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To compare the venoconstricting effect of dopamine with that of noradrenaline and to investigate the influence of age on the responsiveness to dopamine in human subjects. Methods: In eight young and eight elderly male subjects, increasing doses of dopamine or noradrenaline were infused into a dorsal hand vein and its diameter was measured using a linear variable differential transformer. Results: There was no significant difference between the maximum venoconstriction (Emax) for dopamine and that for noradrenaline. The infusion rate to induce 50% of Emax (ED50) for dopamine in the young and elderly subjects was 363 ng · min−1 and 352 ng · min−1, and the ED50 for noradrenaline was 40.7 ng · min−1 and 43.8 ng · min−1, respectively. Neither in the Emax nor in the ED50 for these drugs were there significant differences between the young and elderly subjects. Conclusion: The venoconstricting effect of dopamine is 5–20 times less than that of noradrenaline, and aging does not influence the responsiveness to dopamine and noradrenaline in human subjects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050450
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Congenital atresia of left coronary ostium (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 152 (1993), S. 539-540 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01955072
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of α1-adrenoceptor antagonists, prazosin and urapidil, on a finger skin vasoconstrictor response to cold stimulation (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 49 (1996), S. 371-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Prazosin ; Urapidil; Vasoconstrictor response ; laser Doppler flow ; finger tip blood flow ; cold stimulation ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives: Cold stimulation causes a finger skin vasoconstrictor response, which is regulated by stimulation of α-adrenergic receptors and is reduced by administration of prazosin. The purpose of this study was to investigate, using a laser Doppler flowmeter, whether the decrease in the finger skin vasoconstrictor response to cold stimulation produced by administration of two different α1-adrenoceptor antagonists, prazosin and urapidil, was correlated with the corresponding plasma drug concentration, and whether this method could be used to evaluate the relative potency of these α1-adrenoceptor antagonists in human subjects. Method: In thirteen healthy male subjects (20–42 y), finger tip skin blood flow was measured during cold stimulation before and 1, 2, 3, 6, and 9 h after administration of placebo, prazosin (1 mg) or urapidil (60 mg). Results: Both prazosin and urapidil significantly decreased the vasoconstrictor response to cold stimulation. The degree of the decrement in the response indicated by the reduction ratio was significantly correlated with the plasma concentration of prazosin and urapidil. The α1-adrenoceptor blocking activity of prazosin estimated by the regression lines was about 130-times more potent than that of urapidil. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the cold stimulation response of finger skin vasoconstriction may be used to evaluate the relative α1-adrenoceptor blocking potency of drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050034
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of α1-adrenoceptor antagonists, prazosin and urapidil, on a finger skin vasoconstrictor response to cold stimulation (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 49 (1996), S. 371-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Prazosin ; Urapidil ; Vasoconstrictor response ; laser Doppler flow ; finger tip blood flow ; cold stimulation ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives: Cold stimulation causes a finger skin vasoconstrictor response, which is regulated by stimulation of α-adrenergic receptors and is reduced by administration of prazosin. The purpose of this study was to investigate, using a laser Doppler flowmeter, whether the decrease in the finger skin vasoconstrictor response to cold stimulation produced by administration of two different α1-adrenoceptor antagonists, prazosin and urapidil, was correlated with the corresponding plasma drug concentration, and whether this method could be used to evaluate the relative potency of these α1-adrenoceptor antagonists in human subjects. Method: In thirteen healthy male subjects (20–42 y), finger tip skin blood flow was measured during cold stimulation before and 1, 2, 3, 6, and 9 h after administration of placebo, prazosin (1 mg) or urapidil (60 mg). Results: Both prazosin and urapidil significantly decreased the vasoconstrictor response to cold stimulation. The degree of the decrement in the response indicated by the reduction ratio was significantly correlated with the plasma concentration of prazosin and urapidil. The α1-adrenoceptor blocking activity of prazosin estimated by the regression lines was about 130-times more potent than that of urapidil. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the cold stimulation response of finger skin vasoconstriction may be used to evaluate the relative α1-adrenoceptor blocking potency of drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203780
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of age on venodilator effect of isoproterenol and amrinone (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 50 (1996), S. 37-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Isoproterenol ; Amrinone ; Elderly; venodilation ; age-related change ; dorsal hand vein technique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To investigate the influence of age on the venodilator effect of isoproterenol, a β-adrenoceptor agonist, and amrinone, a selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) III inhibitor, in human subjects. Methods: In eight young and eight elderly male subjects, the drugs were infused into a dorsal hand vein preconstricted with phenylephrine and its diameter was measured using a linear variable differential transformer. Results: The maximum venodilation (Emax) induced by isoproterenol was significantly smaller and the infusion rate of isoproterenol required to induce 50% of maximum venodilation (ED50) was significantly larger in the elderly than in the young subjects [Emax: 29.8 vs 95.1%, ED50: 97.3 vs 51.6 ng ⋅min–1]. A significant age-related change in Emax or ED50 was not observed for amrinone (Emax: 95.8 vs 100.8%, ED50: 40.1 vs 31.6 μg ⋅min–1). Conclusion: The data show that the venodilator effect of amrinone is not influenced by age. As amrinone increases cyclic AMP by inhibition of PDE III, it is suggested that the action of cyclic AMP is not altered by age. The decreased effect of isoproterenol might be caused by reduced production of cyclic AMP in elderly subjects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050066
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Renal clearance of lomefloxacin is decreased by furosemide (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 46 (1994), S. 267-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Lomefloxacin ; Furosemide ; Renal clearance ; drug interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The interaction between lomefloxacin, a new quinolone, and furosemide, a loop diuretic, has been examined. Oral lomefloxacin 200 mg and furosemide 40 mg were given together or separately to 8 healthy subjects, and blood and urine samples were obtained over the following 12 h. The plasma concentrations of lomefloxacin following coadministration with furosemide were higher than after lomefloxacin alone and its AUC was increased, and its total and renal clearances were decreased. No change in the pharmacokinetics of furosemide was found after coadministration of lomefloxacin. As quinolones and furosemide are reported to be excreted in urine by the renal tubular anion transport system, the present results suggest that the renal tubular secretion of lomefloxacin is diminished by furosemide. It is not clear whether this pharmacokinetic interaction might be clinically important.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00192560
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