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  • 1
    ISSN: 0931-1890
    Keywords: Key words Wind damage ; Root morphology ; Stem form ; Thigmomorphogenesis ; Clonal deployment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  Damage from a dormant-season windstorm in a 3-year-old Populus research trial differed among four clones and three spacings and between monoclonal and polyclonal plots. Clonal differences in susceptibility to toppling (or leaning) were associated with both above- and below-ground characteristics. Susceptible clones had less taper in the lower stem and more weight in branches on the upper stem. The most susceptible clone also had the most above-ground biomass per unit of cross-sectional root area. The other susceptible clone had the least root system development in the windward quadrants. Wind toppling was least at the closest spacing. Apparently, mutual support was more important than individual tree characteristics from which the most damage would be expected at the closest spacing. Differences between paired trees of the same clone and spacing which did or did not topple were primarily associated with distribution of root systems by compass quadrant or depth. At the closest spacing where crown sway would have been minimized, trees which did not topple had greater cross-sectional root area in the windward direction than trees which did topple. At the widest spacing where crown sway would have been greatest, windfirm trees had greater cross-sectional root area than non-windfirm trees in both the windward and leeward directions. Toppling was reduced in polyclonal plots; this reduction may have been the result of more rapid stand differentiation in the polyclonal plots or reduction in the “domino effect” by inclusion of more windfirm clones in the mixture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The pathogenesis of lichen sclerosus remains unknown. However, it has been frequently associated clinically with autoimmunity. The MHC haplo-type A1, B8, DR3 is associated with many autoimmune conditions and has also been associated with the uncommon allele of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) promoter polymorphism. This allele is also associated with higher production of TNF in vivo and in vitro, and thus it has been speculated that it is the TNF-α gene which underlies the genetic association of many diseases with the autoimmune haplotype. There have been many reports of HLA associations with lichen scleroses, but these have not been concordant. We therefore decided to analyse the TNF-oc polymorphism in patients with lichen scleroses to determine if TNF-α was likely to play a role in susceptibility or severity of lichen scleroses. No association between alleles of the TNF-α polymorphism and lichen scleroses was found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 31 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 31 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Experiments were undertaken to define the role of two calcium-associated enzyme systems in modulating transmitter-stimulated production of cylic nucleotides in rat brain. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) accumulation was examined in cerebral cortical slices using a prelabeling technique. The enhancement of isoproterenol-stimulated cAMP production by α-adrenergic and γ-aminobutyric acid-B (GABAB) agonists was reduced by exposing the tissue to EGTA, a chelator of divalent cations, or quinacrine, a nonselective inhibitor of phospholipase A2. Likewise, chronic (2 weeks) administration of corticosterone decreased the α-adrenergic and GABAB receptor modulation of second messenger production. Neither cyclooxygenase nor iipoxygenase inhibitors selectively influenced the facilitating response of α-adrenergic and GABAB agonists. Other experiments revealed that although norepinephrine and 6-fluoronorepinephrine stimulated inositol phosphate (IP) production in cerebral cortical slices with potencies equal to those displayed in the cyclic nucleotide assay, selective α1,-adrenergic agonists were less efficacious on IP formation and were without effect in the cAMP assay. Conversely, a selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist facilitated the cAMP response to a β-adrenergic agonist without affecting IP formation. The rank orders of potency of a series of α-adrenergic antagonists suggest that IP accumulation is mediated solely by α1-adrenergic receptors, whereas the augmentation of cAMP accumulation is regulated by a mixed population of α-adrenergic sites. The results suggest that the α-adrenergic and GABAB receptor-mediated enhancement of isoproterenol-stimulated cAMP formation appears to be more closely associated with phospholipase A2 than phospholipase C and may be mediated by arachidonate or some other fatty acid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Medicine 45 (1994), S. 219-234 
    ISSN: 0066-4219
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Psychotic illnesses (schizophrenia and schizoaffective and affective psychosis) have a lifetime prevalence of 2-3% and probably occur at a similar rate in all human societies. No etiologically significant environmental precipitants have been identified, and this suggests that these diseases are primarily genetic. Brain studies reveal that in schizophrenic patients, development of cerebral asymmetry is arrested, which may be associated with a small reduction in cortical mass. Episodes of illness can be ameliorated by dopamine (in particular D2) antagonists, drugs that are antipsychotic rather than merely antischizophrenic. The discovery of at least five dopamine receptor subtypes and their genes paves the way for new approaches to treatment. However, whether psychotic patients undergo a primary disturbance of dopaminergic transmission remains unclear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Haemophilia 8 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The practice of prophylactic treatment of boys with severe haemophilia has been evaluated in our centre. Prophylaxis was started at the median age of 3.7 years (range 0.4–12.7 years) in 38/41 children (93%) under 17 years of age. Median follow-up was 4.1 years (range 0.4–12.7 years). The criteria of primary prophylaxis according to the definition by the European Paediatric Network of Haemophilia Management was fulfilled by 9/38 (24%). Although a majority [76%, 29/38] of the children started prophylaxis after a median number of joint bleeds of 3.5, 70% of the children in this group had clinical joint scores of 0. Intravenous catheter insertion was required at a median age of 15.5 months (range 5–36 months) in 21% of the children, resulting in a catheter infection rate of 1.74 per 1000 catheter days. None developed an inhibitor on prophylaxis and three patients who had low-titre inhibitors (〈 5 Bethesda units) prior to prophylaxis had undetectable inhibitors after prophylaxis. The home-treatment training programme required considerable time and cost. As a result, 87% of the children used peripheral venous access and hospital visits declined as prophylaxis became established. Parents' incentives for prophylaxis were that the children undertook many physical activities and sports previously not recommended, there was less parental anxiety and an overall improvement in the quality of life for the whole family.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  This framework document offers guidance to patients, doctors, nurses, laboratory scientists, funders and hospitals on the provision of clinical and laboratory genetic services for haemophilia. With recent advances in molecular laboratory techniques it is now possible to give the vast majority of individual patients and family members very reliable genetic information. To enable these genetic data to be used for both the optimal treatment of patients with inherited bleeding disorders and for appropriate reproductive decisions in carriers, there needs to be a clear and robust framework for systematically acquiring the necessary clinical, personal, family and laboratory information upon which decisions can be made. This document provides guidance on the range and standards of clinical and laboratory genetic services which should be offered to patients and their families. Included are arrangements for genetic counselling and testing (including consent and confidentially issues), management of early pregnancy, standards for laboratory genetic services, as well as advice on data storage, security and retrieval.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    The @journal of popular culture 38 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-5931
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    The @journal of popular culture 24 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-5931
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Ethnic Sciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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