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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 6 (1996), S. 700-703 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Thymus gland ; Ultrasonography ; Infant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A new method of measuring the size of the thymus in infants less than 1 year of age is presented. The width of the thymus was measured in a transverse image while the area of the largest lobe was assessed in a longitudinal image. The thymic index was then defined as the product of these two values. Intra-and interobserver variation analysis were performed in 23 infants. Each infant was scanned alternately by both of two radiologists, and later the same day the measurements were repeated. The mean differences between the first and second measurements (intraobserver variation) were −0.25 (2 SD 7.56) and −1.13 (2 SD 10.80), respectively, for the two observers. The mean difference between the first measurements of the two observers (interobserver variation) was 1.47 (2 SD 9.39). In a postmortem study of 12 infants the thymic index measured by sonography showed an acceptable correlation to the actual volume (c = 0.80) and weight (c = 0.87) of the thymus. In conclusion, our sonographic estimate of the volume of the thymus, the thymic index, in infants under 8 months of age seems to be easy, reliable and reproducible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 158 (1999), S. 964-967 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Breast-feeding ; Immune system ; Thymic gland ; Ultrasound ; AbbreviationURTI upper respiratory tract infections
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have previously shown that breast-fed infants have a considerably larger thymus at 4 months than formula-fed infants. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether breast-feeding also influences the thymic size in late infancy. In a cohort of 50 infants, all being partially breast-fed when recruited at 8 months, ultrasound assessment of the thymic index (a volume estimate) was performed at both 8 and 10 months of age. At 10 months the thymic index was significantly higher in those still being breast-fed compared to infants who had stopped breast-feeding between 8 and 10 months of age (P=0.05). This difference became more significant when controlled for the influence of infectious diseases (P=0.03). In infants still breast-fed at 10 months there was a significant correlation between the number of breast-feeds per day and their thymic index (P=0.01). Conclusion The effect of breast-feeding on thymus size is likely to be caused by immune modulating factors in breast milk. Breast milk influences thymic size in late infancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 31 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background The positive association between a large head circumference at birth and total serum IgE levels has been suggested to be due to negative associations between head circumference at birth and thymus development and between thymus development and total serum IgE levels.Objectives To examine the associations between head circumference and thymus size at birth and the development of allergic disease.Methods The size of the thymus was assessed by sonography during the first week of life in 149 healthy term infants. Information on birth characteristics and mode of delivery was collected at delivery. The presence of allergic disease was assessed 5 years later by mailed questionnaires, which were returned by 85% of the eligible families.Results At birth, head circumference was positively associated with thymus size (P 〈 0.001). In all, 27 (23%) of the children had developed at least one allergic disease. Multivariate analysis revealed that both parental allergy (Prevalence Ratio and 95% CI) = 3.18 (1.49–6.78)) and caesarean delivery (2.62 (1.48–4.64)) were independently correlated with allergic disease, whereas thymus size was not.Conclusions Our study does not support that a large head circumference is associated with a small thymus size, nor that a small thymus size is associated with allergic disease. Whether thymus size at birth is related to total serum IgE levels still remains to be elucidated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0165-4608
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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