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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 4726-4736 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The core-level photoexcitation and photoionization of SF6 were studied in the vicinity of the resonances below and above the S 2p threshold. The decay channels of the S 2p→6a1g discrete excitation were characterized, with decay leading mostly to valence-shell satellites. The S 2p continuum data show an oscillatory asymmetry parameter β(S 2p) near threshold that is virtually identical to β(Si 2p) in SiF4. It also resembles—but differs from—theoretical curves for β(S 2p) in atomic sulfur and in SF6. Data at the feature assigned as an eg shape resonance indicate strong multielectron properties for this state, because a resonance in the S 2p satellite is observed at the same photon energy as the main-line resonance. We propose a unified model which generally includes configuration interaction both in the continuum-state manifold and between discrete doubly excited states and the continua, to explain this unexpected satellite behavior. Finally, the S(L2,3VV) Auger electron asymmetry parameter shows no significant deviation from zero near the t2g and eg shape resonances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 90 (1989), S. 3004-3009 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Resonant photoemission has been studied above the carbon 1s ionization thresholds in gas-phase benzene and ethylene. The experimental data for both molecules include relative partial cross section and asymmetry-parameter measurements for the C 1s main line and asymmetry-parameter measurements for one C 1s shake-up satellite in each system. Resonances above the C K edge have been analyzed on the basis of their decay to either the C 1s main line or valence-hole states, and have been tentatively assigned as either shape resonances or doubly excited states according to their observed one-electron or many-electron decay, respectively. The importance of determining the resonant behavior of all available photoemission channels in the proximity of a resonance is thus illustrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 6096-6102 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Zero kinetic energy (ZKE) spectra of N2, CO, C2H4, and C6H6 were taken across the N1s (N2) and C1s ionization thresholds. Discrete resonances at subthreshold photon energies were observed and were found to become more intense as threshold is approached relative to the same peaks in absorption spectra. For N2 the satellite/main line branching ratios at threshold are: 11(1)% for the 419.7(1) eV binding energy satellite, and 2.3(1.0)% for the 426.5(1) eV binding energy satellite. For CO, the branching ratio for the 304.6(1) eV binding energy satellite is 15(2)% at its threshold. Branching ratios at threshold are also determined for the satellites of C6H6 and C2H4. Decay characteristics and assignments of the continuum features of C6H6 and C2H4 are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: For condensed benzene ice layers, core photoabsorption near edge structure (x-ray absorption; recorded by Auger electron yield measurements), decay electron spectra for resonant and nonresonant excitation, and fragmentation as evident in yields of hydrogen and other ions, have been measured in the C1s region. The absorption spectrum is better resolved than most previously published spectra, exhibits some new features, and shows a high degree of parallelity to the spectrum of isolated molecules. Interestingly, the hydrogen ion yield indicates a particular dissociativeness of a certain core excitation resonance, X, which in the molecule has previously been assigned to a Rydberg state. This selective dissociation suggests that the responsible excitation is strongly antibonding for the carbon–hydrogen bond, while the degenerate Rydberg states broaden into a conduction band in the solid; and that the bond breaking probably occurs or at least starts in the core-excited state, thus proceeding on an extremely short time scale, similarly to observations for other hydrogen-containing molecules. The decay spectra are analyzed in terms of autoionization vs normal Auger decay and indicate that, apart from the first strong π resonance (which leads to pure autoionization) and the X resonance, the core resonances partly or fully ionize before core decay takes place. For the X resonance, the decay spectrum contains a contribution which cannot be assigned to intact benzene; this is taken as additional evidence for ultrafast dissociation, i.e., competitive with core decay. We use these results for a discussion of the influence of condensation on excitation, decay, and fragmentation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 1945-1951 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: At the Advanced Light Source an undulator beamline, with an energy range from 6 to 30 eV, has been constructed for chemical dynamics experiments. The higher harmonics of the undulator are suppressed by a novel, windowless gas filter. In one branchline high-flux, 2% bandwidth radiation is directed toward an end station for photodissociation and crossed molecular-beam experiments. A photon flux of 1016 photon/s has been measured at this end station. In a second branchline a 6.65 m off-plane Eagle monochromator delivers narrow bandwidth radiation to an end station for photoionoization studies. At this second end station a peak flux of 3×1011 was observed for 25 000 resolving power. This monochromator has achieved a resolving power of 70 000 using a 4800 grooves/mm grating, one of the highest resolving powers obtained by a vacuum ultraviolet monochromator. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 5153-5161 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The results of the measurements of spectral and angular distribution of the U5.0 (5 cm period) and U8.0 (8 cm period) Advanced Light Source (ALS) undulators are described. The spectra of on-axis undulator radiation were measured for various values of the deflection parameter K. In particular, the high K case was studied, representing the region between the undulator and wiggler limits. Good agreement in harmonic peak flux and width is found between the measurements and the computations that include the real magnetic field, the electron beam energy spread, and the electron beam emittance. The effect of the undulator taper on the spectral characteristics of the radiation was analyzed. At small taper (∼0.5% gap variation) significant reduction in peak brightness and flux of the fifth harmonic was observed with small effect on the fundamental. The near field effect in the undulator radiation was studied by measuring the off-axis spectral and angular distributions of the radiation. The broadening and the fine structure in the distributions at large off-axis angles were observed, resulting from the near field effect. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 57 (1990), S. 2817-2819 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Infrared laser interferometry is used to measure etch rate, measure wafer temperature, and identify heterostructure layers in situ during reactive ion etching, with or without masked regions. Interference between reflections from the etching wafer surface, buried heterointerfaces, and polished wafer back allows etch rate monitoring and endpoint determination. Changes in the optical path length that occur as a wafer heats and cools upon processing also produce reflected intensity oscillations that allow determination of the process-induced change in wafer temperature. We also show that λ=0.6238 μm light can be used to monitor optically thin heterostructure layers with enhanced depth resolution over infrared light.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of clinical monitoring and computing 9 (1993), S. 45-53 
    ISSN: 1573-2614
    Keywords: Monitoring ; blood pressure ; Equipment ; transducers ; Measurement techniques ; manometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The accuracy of invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring is dependent on an adequate damped natural frequency (DNF) and damping factor (DF) of the system. Several factors influencing the DNF and DF were investigated to determine requirements for optimal design of catheter-manometer systems. The frequency sweep method was used in a specially constructed chamber that included linearizing and compensation circuitry. The DNF of isolated 20-gauge cannulae varied from 35.1 to 47.7 Hz. The DNF of 24-gauge cannulae varied from 27.7 to 44.3 Hz. An arterial cannula was found to require a DNF above 40 Hz to prevent the DNF from decreasing to below 25 Hz with the addition of arterial pressure tubing. Arterial pressure tubings exceeding 300 mm in length had DNF values that were unacceptably low even before the addition of arterial cannulae (e.g., the DNF was 23.8 Hz for a 900-mm tubing length, 19.8 Hz for 1,000-mm length, and ranged from 12.9 to 21.4 Hz for 1,200-mm lengths). The 3-way stopcocks and continuous flush devices further decreased the DNF, especially when the diameters were not matched. The percentage decrease caused by 3-way stopcocks and flush devices ranged between 19.5 and 40.8% for 300-mm length tubings and between 2.3 and 25.8% for tubings of 1,200-mm lengths. The radius ratio (outside diameter divided by inside diameter) is introduced as a new method to express the stiffness of arterial pressure tubing. A weak correlation was found between DNF and radius ratio (r=0.37,p=0.026 for 300-mm tubing andr=0.57,p=0.0095 for 1,200-mm tubing). The influence of temperature changes from 25 to 37°C on the DNF for the entire catheter-manometer system was minimal and ranged from an increase of 1.2 Hz to a decrease of 1.7 Hz. It is not possible to predict the exact DNF and DF of a complete catheter-manometer system from a knowledge of the values for the individual constituents, and new combinations should be tested before being placed in use. The items chosen for an optimal catheter-manometer system should ideally consist of a 300-mm arterial pressure tubing, stopcocks, and flush devices with internal diameters matched to the tubing and an arterial cannula with a known DNF and DF, especially avoiding cannulae with flow control devices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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