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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in patients with impaired renal function and concurrent frusemide therapy (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 35 (1988), S. 273-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: ceftazidime ; frusemide ; pharmacokinetics ; renal insufficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have studied the pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in 37 patients suffering from serious bacterial infections. All the patients had impairment of renal function and received moderate to high doses of frusemide concurrently. The doses of ceftazidime were given according to renal function as recommended by the manufacturer. Serum and urine samples were frequently collected, and drug concentrations measured by high performance liquid chromatography. The patients were grouped and evaluated according to renal function, mean (SD) creatinine clearances ranging from 70.1 (12.4) to 11.0 (3.2) ml·min−1. The pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime depended on renal function. A statistically significant increase in ceftazidime elimination half-life and decreases in urinary recovery, total body clearance, and renal clearance in proportion to the decrease in renal function were observed (p〈0.05). The apparent volume of distribution also increased, but not significantly (p〉0.05). A linear correlation was found between the total body and renal clearances of ceftazidime and creatinine clearance. The extrarenal clearance increased from 3.9 to 14.0 ml·min−1 with decreasing renal function. Concurrent treatment with ceftazidime and moderate to high doses of frusemide did not impair renal function and no evidence of nephrotoxicity was found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558265
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectrum of disease in bacteraemic patients during aStreptococcus pyogenes serotype M-1 epidemic in Norway in 1988 (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 11 (1992), S. 416-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract All 87 known cases of bacteraemia due toStreptococcus pyogenes (beta-haemolytic group A streptococci) occurring during the peak of a nationwide outbreak in Norway (population 4.2 million) between January and June 1988 were reviewed. Clinical features varied widely and appeared largely to be dependent on the patients' age. The case fatality rate ranged from 11 % in the age group under 30 years to 44 % in patients over 60 years. Clinical complications such as shock, severe renal or respiratory failure or serious local infection occurred particularly in 30-to 59-year old individuals. Shock was manifest in 32 % of the patients and carried a 68 % case fatality rate. Chronic heart disease in the elderly and pneumonia seemed to be associated with a fatal outcome. In the 25 patients (29 %) who died the disease showed a fulminant course, 80 % dying within 48 hours after admission. However, 56 % of the patients had experienced symptoms for more than two days before admission, suggesting that early diagnosis and treatment might possibly have prevented the development of a serious disease. This study revealed a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations in bacteraemia cases in a unique epidemiological situation caused largely by a single serotype ofStreptococcus pyogenes; 89 % of the 27 preserved bacteraemia strains carried the M-1 antigen. The observations call attention to the ability of these organisms to cause fulminant clinical illness, indicating a probable increase in both invasiveness and toxicity of group A streptococci responsible for the epidemic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01961856
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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