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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Documenta ophthalmologica 43 (1977), S. 341-342 
    ISSN: 1573-2622
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Venous angioma ; Developmental venous anomaly ; Magneticresonance ; Cavernoma ; Cerebral veins ; Cryptic vascular malformations ; Angiographically occult vascular malformations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study reviews the neuroradiological findings of 43 patients with a developmental venous anomaly In in order to the clinical significance of this entity. All patients underwent unenhanced and contrast-enhanced computer tomography and magnetic resonance tomography, as well as selective angiography, and were followed for at least 2 years In 40% (17 of 43) of patients a cryptic vascular malformation found In the proximity to the developmentmental venous anomaly. Neurolo gical symptoms were present in 8 of 17 patients (47%) in this group. Patients with an isolated developmental venous anomaly had symptoms in 19% (5 of 26), but none of them had experienced a hemorrhage. Magnetic resonance was the most sensitive method for the diagnose of both types of lesions and alterations of the adjacent parenchyma. These results further support that developmental venous anomalies represent a clinically benign entity. However, patient, with an sociation of a developmental venous anomaly and a cryptic vascular malformation are at risk for hemorage from their angiographically occult vascular malformation. Magnetic resonance proved to be the imaging modality of choice for both entities and is appropriate for diagnosis and follow-up.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 8 (1998), S. 749-755 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Leucoencephalopathy ; Heroin ; Cerebellum ; CT ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. This is a report of clinical, CT and MRI findings in a patient with toxic spongiform leucoencephalopathy after heroin ingestion. The disease is observed in drug addicts who inhale pre-heated heroin. The clinical onset, which usually occurs some days or even longer after the last heroin consumption, is characterized by a cerebellar syndrome. The cerebellar hemispheres, the cerebellar and cerebral peduncles and the pyramidal tract may be affected. Spongiform demyelination is the morphological substrate of the lesions, which are not contrast enhancing, hypodense on CT and hyperintense on T2-weighted MRI. The frequently perfect symmetry of the affection of functional systems points to a toxic and/or metabolic pathophysiological mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    USA/Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 16 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Sumatriptan, a selective 5-hydroaytryptamine (5HT1D)-receptor agonist, has recently been introduced in the pharmacotherapy of acute migraine attacks. The potential vasoactive effect of sumatriptan on human dural vessels in vivo, however, is still a matter of controversy. We investigated the effects of sumatriptan on dural vessels after subcutaneous or intra-arterial injection. During interventional angiography, the middle meningeal artery (MMA) of nine patients was catheterized with a microcatheter using the transfemoral route. Three MMA were entirely normal, two supplied a dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and four were transdural feeders to a brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Sumatriptan was injected either into the subcutaneous tissue of the right shoulder (6 mg, two patients) or into the catheterized MMA (2 mg, six patients). The substance caused a marked vasoconstriction of the three normal MMA, visible angiographically and confirmed by intravascular Doppler ultrasonography. Vasoconstriction was still present in the last angiogram obtained 15 min post-injection. Slightly hypertrophied feeders to dural AVF and to brain AVM showed some vasoconstriction in one and four patients, respectively. In two patients with markedly hypertrophied dural feeders to a dural AVF and to a brain AVM, respectively, rapid shunting probably prevented obvious vasoactive effects of sumatriptan. The data obtained by angiography and intravascular Doppler ultrasonography provide strong evidence that sumatriptan has a vasoconstrictive effect on normal as well as hypertrophied dural vessels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 70 (1999), S. 870-877 
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Pseudoaneurysma ; Dissektion ; Extrakranielle A. carotis interna ; Stent ; Guglielmi Detachable Coils ; Key words Pseudoaneurysm ; Dissection ; Extracranial carotid artery ; Stent ; Guglielmi detachable coils (GDC)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Pseudoaneurysms of the extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) can be caused by external injury or may be due to spontaneous dissection. Pseudoaneurysms bear an increased risk of arterio-arterial embolism. Treatment of pseudoaneurysms is influenced by the location and the type of injury, associated injurys, collaterals to the ipsilateral hemisphere, neurological signs and symptoms, growth of the lesion and patient age. Potential treatment regimen include conservative and medical approaches with anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy, extra-intracranial bypass, resection of the pseudoaneurysm with vessel reconstruction, ligation or endovascular balloon occlusion of the ICA. Pseudoaneurysms of the ICA adjacent to the scull base require a major surgical procedure. If there are contraindications for vessel occlusion conservative or medical treatment used to be the only therapeutic alternatives. We report the treatment of two patients with extracranial ICA pseudoaneurysms after blunt injury with stent placement (in one case combined with coil embolization) as a further treatment option.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Pseudoaneurysmen der extrakraniellen A. carotis interna können traumatisch verursacht sein oder sind die Folge einer spontanen Gefäßdissektion. Von ihnen geht die Gefahr thrombembolischer Verschlüsse nachgeschalteter Gefäße aus. Die Möglichkeit und Art der Behandlung ist abhängig von der Lokalisation und der Art der Verletzung, der Kollateralversorgung der abhängigen Hemisphäre, der klinischen Symptomatik, dem Nachweis einer Größenänderung des Aneurysmas sowie von dem Alter des Patienten. In erster Wahl werden die Patienten mit Antikoagulanzien und/oder Thrombozytenaggregationshemmern behandelt. Kommt es unter dieser Therapie zu einer Größenzunahme des Pseudoaneurysmas bzw. zu weiteren Thrombembolien oder bestehen Kontraindikationen gegen die medikamentöse Behandlung, sind invasive Behandlungsverfahren angezeigt. In Betracht kommen die Ligatur des aneurysmatragenden Gefäßes, ggf. nach Anlage eines extra-intrakraniellen Bypasses, die Aneurysmaresektion mit Gefäßrekonstruktion der A. carotis interna und die endovaskuläre Ausschaltung des Aneurysmas, ggf. einschließlich der A. carotis interna. Pseudoaneurysmen unmittelbar unterhalb der Schädelbasis sind chirurgisch nicht oder nur mit hohem Aufwand behandelbar. Zur Ausschaltung solcher Pseudoaneurysmen unter Erhalt der A. carotis interna bietet sich heute die Stentimplantation in das disseziierte Gefäß an. Wir berichten über zwei Patienten mit stumpfen Verletzungen der A. carotis interna mit basisnahen Pseudoaneurysmen. Die endovaskuläre Stentimplantation, ggf. kombiniert mit Coilokklusion, ist eine neue Behandlungstechnik, deren Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit im Vergleich mit den anderen invasiven Verfahren und der medikamentösen Behandlung allerdings noch zu überprüfen ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 71 (2000), S. 843-848 
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Intrakranielle Aneurysmen ; Endovaskuläre Behandlung ; Stent ; Coilokklusion ; Iatrogene Dissektion ; Spontane Dissektion ; Keywords Intracranial aneurysm ; Endovascular treatment ; Stent ; Coil occlusion ; Iatrogenic dissection ; Spontaneous dissection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract In aneurysms with a neck:dome ratio of 1:2 or more or with a wide neck, endovascular treatment is less effective. In this situation, the rate of thrombotic and thromboembolic complications is increased. Recently available highly flexible balloon expandible coronary stents improved the technique of endovascular aneurysm treatment. Two patients with wide neck midbasilar aneurysms were successfully treated endovascularly using a combination of stent deployment into the basilar artery and coil occlusion of the aneurysm. The creation of an artificial boundary between a side wall aneurysm and the parent artery by stent deployment improves the conditions for subsequent coil occlusion of the aneurysm. If, after detachment, coils protrude from the lumen of a side wall aneurysm into the parent vessel, stenting of this vessel can prevent thrombotic and thromboembolic complications.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die endovaskuläre Behandlung intrakranieller Aneurysmen durch die Okklusion des Aneurysmalumens mit elektrolytisch ablösbaren Platinmikrospiralen ist erschwert, wenn der Halsabschnitt des Aneurysmas ebenso breit oder weiter als der Aneurysmafundus ist. Bei solchen Aneurysmen ist die Rate thrombembolischer Komplikationen erhöht und die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer dauerhaften Okklusion des Aneurysmas reduziert. Durch die Entwicklung hochflexibler ballonexpandierbarer Koronarstents wurde die Technik der endovaskulären Aneurysmabehandlung modifiziert. Zwei Patienten mit breitbasigen Aneurysmen der mittleren A. basilaris wurden durch kombinierte Stentimplantation in die A. basilaris und Coilokklusion des Aneurysmas behandelt. Die Schaffung einer künstlichen Grenzfläche zwischen Aneurysmalumen und aneurysmatragendem Gefäß durch Stentimplantation verbessert die Bedingungen für die nachfolgende Coilokklusion. Bei Vorwölbung von Schlingen der Platinspiralen in das Gefäßlumen, kann die nachträgliche Überbrückung des Aneurysmahalses durch einen Stent die Thrombosierung des aneurysmatragenden Gefäßes und die Entstehung von distalen Thrombembolien verhindern.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 71 (2000), S. 995-999 
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Intrazerebrales Hämatom ; Chronisch eingekapseltes intrazerebrales Hämatom ; Intrakranielle Blutung ; Zerebrale vaskuläre Malformation ; Kavernom ; Keywords Intracerebral hematoma ; Chronic encapsulated intracerebral hematoma ; Intracranial hemorrhage ; Cerebral vascular malformation ; Cavernoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The purpose of this case report is to describe chronic encapsulated intracerebral hematoma (CEIH), a rare and not fully understood brain lesion. The differentiation from chronic cerebral hematoma, cerebral abscess, and intra-axial tumor is based on clinical and imaging criteria. The diagnosis is confirmed by histological analysis. In the English medical literature, we found 39 patients reported with this lesion. The key feature is the formation of a capsule between a hematoma and cerebral parenchyma. The reasons for this formation are not known. In our patient, an arteriovenous malformation was located outside but adjacent to the CEIH.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ziel der Arbeit ist es, die seltene Erkrankung des chronisch eingekapselten intrazerebralen Hämatoms (CEIH) zu erläutern, sie vom chronisch intrazerebralen Hämatom (CIH) klinisch und vom zerebralen Abszess und Tumor mittels der bildgebenden Diagnostik abzugrenzen und die histologischen Befunde zu definieren, die die Diagnose bestätigen. In der englischsprachigen Literatur sind 39 Patienten mit dieser Erkrankung beschrieben. Im Unterschied zu den akuten und chronischen intrazerebralen Hämatomen bildet sich beim CEIH aus unbekannten Gründen eine Kapsel. Anhand der Kasuistik einer eigenen Patientin und der vorliegenden Fallmitteilungen werden die charakteristischen Merkmale des CEIH erläutert. Die Besonderheit des eigenen Falles ist der histologische Nachweis der die Blutung verursachenden Gefäßmissbildung außerhalb der Hämatomhöhle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 5 (1989), S. 102-106 
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Brain tumors ; Infants ; CT ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to compare the validity of CT and MRI, we evaluated results of these studies in 40 children and adolescents suffering from supratentorial and infratentorial midline tumors. Plain and enhanced CT scans were compared with MRI for sensitivity, specificity and capacity to delineate the tumor. These parameters were evaluated by three independent investigators on a scale with four grades of accuracy. The results demonstrate greater sensitivity and better delineation of the tumor with MRI, but greater specificity in diagnosis of tumors with CT studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Aneurysma ; Transkranielle Duplexsonographie ; Embolisation ; Subarachnoidalblutung ; Key words Aneurysm ; Transcranial Duplex sonography ; Coil embolization ; Subarachnoid hemorrhage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary We investigated 88 Patients with a total of 102 angiographically diagnosed intracranial aneurysms by means of transcranial colour coded Duplex sonography (TCCD) during a time period of 15 months. Both the size and teh localization of teh aneuryms were determined. Seventy aneurysms (77%) with a diameter of 16±8 mm (6-55mm) were detectable, with excellent visualization in 36 (42%), moderate visualization in 34 (40%), and no sufficient visualization in 16 (16%) aneurysms, respectively. In another 16 cases (16%) there was no sufficient vone window. Thrombotic material inside the aneurysm was detectable in 16/20 cases (75%), visualization of coil embolized aneurysms in 12/25 patients (48%). TCCD allows the follow up of cerebral aneurysms, with the detection of thrombosis and treatment effects after embolization. The method is not valid for the detection of intracranial aneurysms
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Innerhalb eines Zeitraumes von 15 Monaten wurden 88 Patienten mit 102 angiographisch nachgewiesenen intrakraniellen Aneurysmen unter Verwendung einer 2-MHz-Sonde mit der transkraniellen farbkodierten Duplexsonographie (TCCD) untersucht. Es wurden die Größe und der genaue Aneurysmasitz bestimmmt. Insgesamt konnten 70 (77%) Aneurysmen mit einem Durchmesser von 16±8 mm (6–55 mm) dargestellt werden. Eine sehr gute Darstellung der Aneurysmen gelang bei 36 (42%), eine mäßige bei 34 (40%) Aneurysmen, 16 (16%) Aneurysmen konnten trotz ausreichender Bildqualität nicht dargestellt werden. Bei weiteren 16 (16%) Aneurysmen war kein ausreichendes Knochenfenster vorhanden. Thrombosierte Anteile innerhalb der Aneurysmen konnten bei 16 (75%) von 20, der mit Coils behandelte Anteil bei 12 (48%) von 25 Aneurysmen erfolgreich dokumentiert werden. Die Methode ist zum Nachweis von teilthrombosierten Anteilen, von Behandlungserfolgen nach Coilembolisation und zur Verlaufskontrolle nicht behandelbarer Aneurysmen geeignet. Die Darstellbarkeit kleiner Aneurysmen ist begrenzt durch das Auflösungsvermögen und die teilweise ungünstigen Beschallungswinkel, somit eignet sich die TCCD nicht als Screeningmethode zum Nachweis von Aneurysmen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: FLASH ; Spin-echo technique ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A multisclice gradient echo sequence (FLASH) was compared with a conventional spin-echo (SE) technique with regard to its value for contrast enhanced brain studies. In 50 patients with contrast enhancing intracranial lesions, MR studies (0.5 Tesla MR tomograph) were performed with SE images (SE 400/30; four images/3.4 min) and FLASH scans (FLASH 315/14, 90°; 15 images/1.4 min) before and after Gd-DTPA. Based on visual and quantitative assessment diagnostic results of postcontrast SE- and FLASH images were equivalent with respect to contrast enhancement, lesion/brain-contrast, lesion/edema-contrast, and lesion delineation. Although image quality generally was excellent on postcontrast FLASH images, susceptibility artifacts were more severe on FLASH scans than on SE images. However, with the exception of postoperative patients with artifacts due to metal remains, diagnostic information was not decreased by artifacts on postcontrast FLASH images. In conclusion, because of the clearly higher efficiency of the multisclice FLASH technique, this pulse sequence offers the opportunity to speed up contrast enhanced brain imaging.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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