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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 210 (2000), S. 55-63 
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words Cell lineages ; Ascidian development ; Metamorphosis ; Horseradish peroxidase injection ; Endoderm differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Cell lineages during ascidian embryogenesis are invariant. Developmental fates of larval mesodermal cells after metamorphosis are also invariant with regard to cell type of descendants. The present study traced developmental fates of larval endodermal cells after metamorphosis in Halocynthia roretzi by labeling each endodermal precursor blastomere of larval endoderm. Larval endodermal cells gave rise to various endodermal organs of juveniles: endostyle, branchial sac, peribranchial epithelium, digestive organs, peripharyngeal band, and dorsal tubercle. The boundaries between clones descended from early blastomeres did not correspond to the boundaries between adult endodermal organs. Although there is a regular projection from cleavage stage and larval stage to juvenile stage, this varies to some extent between individuals. This indicates that ascidian development is not entirely deterministic. We composed a fate map of adult endodermal organs in larval endoderm based on a statistical analysis of many individual cases. Interestingly, the topographic position of each prospective region in the fate map was similar to that of the adult organ, indicating that marked rearrangement of the positions of endodermal cells does not occur during metamorphosis. These findings suggest that fate specification in endoderm cells during metamorphosis is likely to be a position-dependent rather than a deterministic and lineage-based process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 122 (1995), S. 165-170 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract To evaluate the osmoregulatory ability of eyedstage embryos of laboratory-reared chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta, we examined changes in osmolality of the perivitelline fluid and blood following transfer to 50 and 100% seawater (SW), together with morphological changes in chloride cells present in the yolk sac membrane. Transfer to SW did not cause any significant change in the whole egg weight. However, the embryos shrank when the eggs were transferred to SW, whereas the perivitelline space increased at the expense of the embryo. Osmolality of the perivitelline fluid increased rapidly to reach environmental levels 3 h after transfer, indicating that the egg shell is permeable to ions and water. Blood osmolality increased after transfer to SW, reached a peak level at 3 h, and then decreased gradually. The chloride cells in the yolk sac membrane became activated following transfer, as shown by increased cell size and frequent appearance of apical openings. These results indicate that the eyed-stage embryos of chum salmon possess hypoosmoregulatory ability and that chloride cells in the yolk sac membrane may be involved in salt extrusion, in place of gill chloride cells, during the late embryonic stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Osmoregulatory ability of mature chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) during spawning migration was examined by following the changes in gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity and in the distribution and morphology of chloride cells. Mature chum salmon caught in Otsuchi Bay, northern Honshu Island, Japan, died within 5 d in seawater (SW) in association with a marked increase in plasma osmolality, whereas the fish transferred to fresh water (FW) maintained plasma osmolality efficiently. Gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity decreased in both SW-maintained and FW-transferred fish. Well-developed chloride cells, identified by immunocytochemical staining specific for Na+, K+-ATPase, were present mainly in the filament epithelium of immature fish caught in the ocean. In mature fish caught in the bay, however, additional chloride cells were also found in the lamellar epithelium. The number of filament chloride cells decreased markedly in the mature fish both in SW and in FW, whereas the number of lamellar chloride cells was maintained. These results suggest that the loss of hypoosmoregulatory ability in mature chum salmon may be attributable to the decrease in filament chloride cells and associated decrease in gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity, and also that appearance of lamellar chloride cells may be preparatory to the forthcoming upstream migration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Microsystem technologies 3 (1997), S. 86-89 
    ISSN: 1432-1858
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Technology
    Notes: Abstract  Every corner of advanced R&D seems to head toward micronization. Micronization research in mechanics started recently but an intensive and comprehensive approach has been taken since 1992 when both the government R&D project and Micromachine Center were initiated. Micromachine is a new technological paradigm and has the same potential benefit as today’s macromachine. Micromachine will take considerable time span to be completed for full-fledge application. Until then, a wide range of approaches, i.e. R&D, dissemination, international exchange are indispensable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 4 (1994), S. 271-273 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: CT-Inflammatory pseudotumour of the spleen ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the CT and MRI findings of an inflammatory pseudotumour of the spleen, which is an extremely rare benign inflammatory lesion. CT scans obtained 1 h after contrast administration and T2-weighted MRI images clearly demonstrated the central fibrosis and peripheral granuloma of this lesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Thyroid hormone ; Thyroxine binding protein ; Premature infant ; Low birth weight infant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To investigate the significance of low serum thyroxine in premature infants, serum FT4, T4, TSH and TBG were measured in 7 infants with BW〈1000 g, 8 infants with BW 1001 to 1350 g, 9 infants with BW 1351 to 2499 g, and 11 full-term infants. FT4 concentrations were lower in the LBW infants than in the FT infants. Percent FT4 values in the infants with BW〈1000 g were the highest in the groups studied, so that FT4 concentrations in those infants did not fall proportionally with the marked T4 decrease. TBG concentrations were lower in the VLBW infants (〈BW 1350 g) than in the FT infants, and were positively correlated with BW and GA. This study suggests that in infants with lower birth weight there is a mechanism to prevent a decrease in FT4 concentrations associated with total T4 decrease. This fact may be a reason for euthroidism in small premature infants with low T4. Measurements of FT4 may be a useful adjunct to assessment of thyroid function in the VLBW infants with low T4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Sjögren syndrome ; Parotitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Recurrent parotid gland enlargement is a common disorder in children, while that of auto-immune aetiology is rare. Three children with recurrent parotid swelling had autoantibodies including antinuclear antibody, anti-SS-A (Sjögren syndrome-A), SS-B (Sjögren syndrome-B) antibodies and rheumatoid factor, abnormal sialograms and lymphocytic infiltration of salivary glands, which were consistent with Sjögren syndrome. Initially, all three lacked symptoms of keratocon-junctivitis sicca. During follow up, two patients developed xerostomia and were diagnosed as having primary Sjögren syndrome. Recurrent parotid enlargement appears to be important as an initial manifestation of Sjögren syndrome in children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 149 (1989), S. 72-73 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Bronchopulmonary ; Foregut malformation ; Oesophageal lung ; Oesophagography ; Aortography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An adolescent girl with congenital bronchopulmonary-foregut malformation (BPFM) is reported. The patient had a hypoplastic, non-functioning right lung with the main bronchus originating from the oesophagus. The pulmonary artery of the “oesophageal lung” was supplied by systemic circulation from the descending aorta, and the venous flow drained through a hypoplastic right pulmonary artery (RPA) into the large left pulmonary artery (LPA). This case was a rare type of left-to-right shunt and demonstrates that oesophagography, pulmonary angiography and aortography are important in demonstrating the haemodynamics involving this malformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Kidney transplantation ; Lymphocyte sensitivity ; Prednisolone ; chronic renal failure ; acute allograft rejection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of four immunosuppressive agents on the in vitro blastogenesis of peripheral blood lymphocytes activated by concanavalin A have been studied using cells from 26 healthy subjects, 34 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and 30 kidney transplant recipients. Differences in lymphocyte sensitivity to prednisolone between the healthy subjects and the CRF patients were statistically significant (P〈0.0002), with impaired sensitivity in CRF. Impaired lymphocyte sensitivity occurred in 3.8% and 52.9% of the healthy and CRF subjects, respectively. Lymphocyte sensitivity to prednisolone, both preoperatively and 3 months post-operatively, was strongly correlated with early allograft rejection during co-administration of prednisolone with cyclosporin or azathioprine. Lymphocyte sensitivity to cyclosporin, azathioprine, and mizoribine in CRF was not significantly less than that in healthy subjects. Since the pharmacokinetics of prednisolone are little altered in renal transplantation, it is concluded that lymphocyte sensitivity specific to prednisolone may be a pharmacodynamic marker characteristic of successful graft survival in patients with histo-incompatibility and/or drug resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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