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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 51 (1929), S. 3177-3184 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Blood viscosity ; diabetes mellitus ; erythrocyte aggregation ; erythrocyte deformability ; haemorrheology ; neutrophils.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. Abnormal rheological properties of erythrocytes, leucocytes and plasma may have a role in the development of diabetic microangiopathy. We hypothesized that changed haemorrheological variables may already be found in children with onset diabetes. Methods. Erythrocyte deformation (rheoscope), neutrophil deformation (micropipette), erythrocyte aggregation, blood and plasma viscosity were measured in 15 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus before initiation of insulin treatment and 4 to 6 weeks later, 15 diabetic children treated with insulin for 5 to 8 years, 15 healthy children and 15 healthy adults. Results. At a low shear stress of 0.6 Pa, erythrocyte deformation was decreased in the diabetic children before (–28 %), after 4 to 6 weeks (–22 %) and after 5 to 8 years (–17 %) of insulin treatment compared with healthy children. More active neutrophils were counted in the untreated diabetic children (9 ± 6 %) than in healthy children (3 ± 2 %). Deformability of passive neutrophils was greatly decreased in the children with onset diabetes and moderately reduced in the diabetic children who were treated with insulin. Neutrophil deformation (r = –0.52) and erythrocyte deformation at 0.6 Pa (r = –0.62) were inversely related to haemoglobin A1 c. Haematocrit and blood viscosity were increased in the untreated children and in the children treated with insulin for 5 to 8 years. Plasma viscosity and erythrocyte aggregation were similar in the three groups of children. Conclusion/interpretation. Decreased erythrocyte deformation at low shear force, increased count of active neutrophils and impaired deformability of passive neutrophils may increase the risk for acute cerebro-vascular complications in children with uncontrolled insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 865–869]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 14 (1966), S. 155-168 
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In 10 healthy trial subjects and 32 patients with various diseases the life span of platelets was studied with labelled di-isopropyl-fluorophosphate. In the normal cases mean time values of 8.5 to 17 days were observed. In thrombocytopenia of various genesis and in some thrombocytoses the results of the investigation pointed to a moderate shortening of the life span of the platelets, however, a pathological prolongation was never observed. Methodological difficulties and the possible biological interpretation of the results obtained so far are discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei 10 gesunden Versuchspersonen und 32 Patienten mit verschiedenen Erkrankungen wurde die Thrombozytenlebenszcit mit markiertem Diisopropylfluorophosphat untersucht. Bei den Normalfällen ergaben sich mittlere Lebenszeitwerte von 8,5–17 Tagen. Bei Thrombozytopenien verschiedener Genese und bei manchen Thrombozytosen wiesen die Untersuchungsergebnisse auf eine mäßige Verkürzung der Thrombozytenlebenszeit hin, eine pathologischen Verlängerung wurde dagegen nie beobachtet. Die noch bestehenden methodischen Schwierigkeiten und die mögliche biologische Deutung der bisher gewonnenen Ergebnisse werden distutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 50 (1972), S. 853-861 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Cell kinetics ; polycythemia vera ; chronic myelocytic leukaemia ; osteomyelofibrosis ; Zellkinetik ; Polycythaemiavera ; chronischmyeloische Leukämie ; Osteomyelofibrose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Pathogenese und Manifestation hämatopoetischer Störungen bei Polycythaemia vera, chronisch myeloischer Leukämie und Osteomyelofibrose werden durch Literaturbefunde und eigene Ergebnisse erörtert. — Diese Erkrankungen durchlaufen häufig ein bestimmtes Evolutionsmuster. Das Initialstadium ist durch eine multipotentielle Hyperproliferation der Hämatopoese im Knochenmark gekennzeichnet. Später entwickelt sich autochthon extramedulläre Hämatopoese zunächst in der Milz, seltener in der Leber und final auch in anderen Organen. Parallel der Zunahme der extramedullären Bildungsspeicher gelangen zunehmend unreife hämatopoetische Zellen ins Blut. Im Spätstadium geht die hämatopoetische Proliferationsaktivität im Knochenmark zurück und die Fibrose tritt in den Vordergrund. Die Erythrocytenlebensdauer wird während des Krankheitsverlaufs kürzer; der lienale Erythrocytenpool wächst mit der Milzgröße an. Die intravasale Neutrophilenakkumulation ist nicht nur durch Überproduktion bedingt, sondern auch durch eine verlängerte Neutrophilen-Zirkulationsdauer. Letztere führt zu einem vermehrten intravasalen Neutrophilenuntergang durch Zellalterung, ein Prozeß, der seinerseits die Neutrophilenakkumulation limitiert. Mit Zunahme der extramedullären Granulopoese geht der in einer Richtung fließende Neutrophilenstrom (Knochenmark→Blut→Gewebe) allmählich in einen reversiblen Austausch von granulopoetischen Zellen zwischen den medullären und extramedullären Bildungsspeichern und dem Blut über.
    Notes: Summary The pathogenesis and manifestation of disturbance of the hematopoiesis in polycythemia vera, chronic myelocytic leukemia and myelofibrosis are reviewed in the light of available literature and our own findings.—These diseases frequently follow a definite pattern of evolution. The initial stage is characterized by a multipotential hyperproliferation of hematopoiesis in the bone marrow. Later extramedullar hematopoiesis develops autochthonously, first in the spleen or, less often, the liver and then finally in other organs. Concurrent with the development of extramedullar hematopoiesis an increasing number of immature hematopoietic cells were released into the blood. In advanced stages, the hematopoietic proliferation activity in the bone marrow decreases and fibrosis is in the foreground. In the course of the disease the life-span of the erythrocytes is shortened and the lienal erythrocyte pool enlarges in accordance with spleen-size. The intravascular neutrophils accumulation is caused not only by hyperproduction but also by prolonged neutrophil circulation time. This leads to an increased intravascular neutrophil death rate by senescence, a process which in turn limits the neutrophil accumulation. As extramedullar hematopoiesis increases, the one-directional neutrophil flow (bone marrow→blood→tissue) gradually changes to a reversible exchange of granulopoietic cells between the medullar and extramedullar hematopoietic formation tissues and the blood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 46 (1968), S. 106-106 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The free plasma amino acids were studied before and after oral administration of prednisone. The glucocorticoid treatment caused no significant change in the total amino acids in plasma. In agreement however with animal experiments, characteristic variations of certain amino acids can be seen (Table). The increase of the phenylalanine/tyrosine-ratio, which was observed in the animal [1] as a sign of induction of the liever tyrosine-α-ketoglutarate transaminase, is highly significant.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die freien Plasmaaminosäuren werden vor und nach Einnahme von Prednison untersucht. Unter der Glucocorticoidwirkung verändern sich die Gesamtaminosäuren nur unwesentlich. In Übereinstimmung mit dem Tierexperiment zeigen sich jedoch charakteristische Veränderungen einzelner freier Aminosäuren (Tabelle). Der Anstieg des Phenylalanin/Tyrosin-Quotienten, der im Tierversuch [1] als Ausdruck einer Induktion der Tyrosin-α-Ketoglutarat-Transaminase in der Leber durch das Glucocorticoid beobachtet wird, ist hochsignifikant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 29 (1951), S. 349-351 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 53 (1975), S. 519-521 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Polycythaemia vera ; Radiophosphor ; Polycythemia vera ; radioactive phosphorus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A group of 52 consecutive patients with polycythemia vera was submitted to long-term therapy with radioactive phosphorus (32P). Initial phase of therapy induced complete remissions (normalization of hematogram; spleen not palpable) in 45% of the patients, and partial remissions in the remaining 55%. During maintenance therapy of the complete remission group, mean remission time was about 3.5 years. Individual remission times ranged between 1 and 6 years. In the group of patients with incomplete remission, mean remission time increased with the progression of the disease due to gradual development of “spent”-polycythemia. In patients with splenomegaly, remission time was negatively correlated to spleen size. In both groups the increment of annual accumulated dose averaged 2.4 mCi32P. When considering polycythemia related causes of death only, mean survival time attained 12 years after initial treatment with32P. Acute leukemia occurred in 2 patients (4%).
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei 52 konsekutiven Patienten mit Polycythaemia vera wurde eine Langzeittherapie mit radioaktivem Phosphor(32P) und Aderlässen durchgeführt. Die Initialbehandlung induzierte bei 45% der Fälle eine Vollremission mit Normalisierung des Blutbildes und nicht tastbarer Milz; bei den restlichen 55% wurden Teilremissionen erzielt. Bei Patienten mit Vollremission lag die mittlere Remissionsdauer während der Erhaltungsphase bei 3,5 Jahren mit einer weiten individuellen Schwankungsbreite zwischen 1–6 Jahren. Bei Patienten mit Teilremission verhielt sich die Remissionsdauer initial ähnlich. Sie stieg jedoch im späteren Verlauf der Erkrankung an, da bei mehreren Patienten eine „Spent“-Polycythaemie auftrat. Bei Patienten mit Splenomegalie wurde eine negative Korrelation zwischen Milzgröße und Remissionsdauer festgestellt. Im gesamten Kollektiv nahm die akkumulierte Dosis jährlich im Mittel um 2,4 mCi32P zu. Die mittlere Überlebenszeit nach der Erstanwendung von32P betrug 12 Jahre, unter Berücksichtigung Polycythaemie-bedingter Todesursachen. Akute Leukämien traten bei 2 Patienten (4%) auf.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 33 (1955), S. 451-454 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 67 (1989), S. 212-216 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Phospholipase A ; Lung failure ; Acute respiratory distress syndrome ; Polytrauma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The time courses of serum phospholipase A (PLA) and arterioalveolar oxygen differences (AaDO2) were compared in a group of 30 patients with severe multiple injuries. Evaluation of 391 measuring points revealed that high PLA (above 50 U/l) was associated with increased AaDO2 (above 150 mm Hg). Twelve patients who died having the symptoms of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) exhibited high serum PLA levels with individual peak values between 65 and 363 U/l (normal range 0–10 U/l). Analysis of individual time courses showed some striking parallelism between PLA and AaDO2. In five cases, however, AaDO2 increases preceded those of PLA by 1 to 4 days, while in one patient, impairment of the pulmonary function and subsequent recovery followed the corresponding PLA values with a 5-day delay. Our study supports present theories assuming some association between lung failure and the release of PLA into the circulation. Regarding the obvious time dissociation between both events, the nature of this relationship seems, however, to be complex so that pathophysiological conclusions should be drawn with caution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 67 (1989), S. 222-224 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Phospholipase A ; Neutrophils ; Macrophages
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Inflammatory cells, e.g., neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages are presumed to be a source of circulating phospholipase A in nonpancreatic diseases. Therefore, we investigated in a preliminary study whether serum phospholipase A activity is related to leukocyte counts in 43 patients with hematological diseases. Serum PLA activity was significantly increased in patients with Hodgkin's disease, acute monocytic leukemia, myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia, and polycythemia vera when compared with patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and acute myelogenous leukemia, but did not correlate with total leukocyte counts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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