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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis ; Inflammatory infiltration ; Brain lesion ; Slow blood flow ; Pathogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Although brain lesions have been described in some cases with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), little is known about the nature of brain lesion and its relation to the spinal cord lesion. In the present study, we performed histopathological analysis of the brain and the spinal cord of four autopsied cases with HAM/TSP to clarify the relationship between the brain and the spinal cord lesions. In two cases with active-chronic inflammation in the spinal cord, perivascular inflammatory infiltration was also seen in the brain, and the composition of cell subsets was similar both in the spinal cord and in the brain. No active inflammatory change was seen in the brain in two cases with inactive-chronic spinal cord lesions. Inflamed vessels were distributed mainly in the deep white matter and in the area between cerebral cortex and white matter of the brain. In the spinal cord inflamed vessels were mainly seen in the bilateral lateral and the ventral posterior columns. Parenchymal infiltration was diffused in the spinal cord but very sparse in the brain, suggesting the importance of parenchymal infiltration in the destruction of tissues. These results suggest that inflammatory changes occurred simultaneously in the spinal cord and in the brain, and that distribution of inflamed vessels closely correlated with the characteristics of vascular architecture of the brain and the spinal cord, which lead to a slow blood flow. This study may help promote a better understanding of the pathogenesis of HAM/TSP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We report the findings on cranial computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and their correlation with the clinical manifestations, disease severity and biochemical abnormalities in eight patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. CT revealed cerebral atrophy in seven cases, cerebellar atrophy in four and focal low density lesions in the cerebral white matter in two. T2-weighted MRI showed high signal lesions in the cerebral white matter, focal in four cases and diffuse in one, and in the globus pallidus in three patients, two of whom also had lesions in the cerebellar white matter. While severely affected patients showed variable CT and MRI abnormalities, our cases did not show the dramatic findings expected from the neurological manifestations. Diffuse lesions in the cerebral and cerebellar white matter have been emphasized in previous reports, but in our study the focal lesions in the cerebral white matter were also present; the globus pallidus was frequently involved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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