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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Sensory neurons ; Autonomic neurons ; Neuropeptides ; Immunohistochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The innervation of the knee joint synovial membrane of the guinea pig, i.e., the synoviocyte layer, the subjacent connective tissue and the connective tissue region beneath, was analyzed with immunohistofluorescence and electron microscopy. A screening of the innervation with antibodies against the general axon marker – protein gene product (PGP) 9,5 – revealed the presence of nerve fibers distributed in various regions of the knee joint synovial membrane. Confirmating previous studies, some of these nerve fibers stained with antibodies to tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), neuropeptide Y (NPY), substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). In addition, dynorphin (DYN)-containing fibers were detected, which have not been reported previously in normal joints. In general, the immunoreactive fibers were observed close to the synoviocytes and at blood vessels. Fibers with colocalization of NPY- and TH-like immunoreactivities (LIs), as well as of DYN- and TH-LIs were demonstrated. In the electron microscope, bundles of unmyelinated fibers as well as single fibers were found in the connective tissue region below the synoviocytes. Varicose parts of the nerve fibers contained mainly small, clear vesicles. Small and large dense-cored vesicles were also seen, but less frequently. Denser portions of the plasma membranes of some axons were observed in these regions, facing the extracellular space. Myelinated fibers were also observed in some nerve bundles. These findings emphasize the complex innervation of the synovial membrane, with nerve fibers containing a host of neuroactive substances. Altogether, these fibers are probably involved in many functions such as vasoregulation and control of synovial secretion in addition to being a source of mediators in joint inflammation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 30 (1986), S. 625-627 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: beclomethasone dipropionate ; rhinitis ; allergy ; benzalkonium chloride ; hay fever ; mucociliary clearance ; saccharine test
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The local effect of an aqueous suspension of beclomethasone dipropionate on human nasal mucociliary clearance was studied in 14 healthy volunteers. A triple blind, randomized, placebo controlled, cross-over design was utilised. Measurements of mucociliary clearance were made before treatment, after a single dose and after one week of continuous treatment either with placebo or active substance, utilising the saccharine-dye test. No change in mucociliary clearance was found after treatment with beclomethasone dipropionate or placebo suspension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Animal Behaviour 38 (1989), S. 1-7 
    ISSN: 0003-3472
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Animal Behaviour 38 (1989), S. 1-7 
    ISSN: 0003-3472
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mutation Research/Environmental Mutagenesis and Related Subjects 113 (1983), S. 273-274 
    ISSN: 0165-1161
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mutation Research/Environmental Mutagenesis and Related Subjects 216 (1989), S. 71-72 
    ISSN: 0165-1161
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 19 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effect of topical anaesthesia on the nasal mucosa before and after allergen challenge was evaluated in 12 subjects with strictly seasonal allergic rhinitis. A single-blind randomized placebo-controlled design was used. The nasal challenge was carried out after pre-treatment of the nasal cavity with 52 mg of lidocaine/nasal cavity, or placebo applied topically in spray form. The number of sneezes was counted. The amount of nasal secretion was estimated by weighing used paper handkerchiefs. The capacitance and resistance vessel reactions were monitored by determining nasal peak flow and 133Xe wash-out respectively. After placebo pre-treatment the two doses of allergen induced moderate symptoms and vascular changes. Pre-treatment with local anaesthesia did not affect any of the symptoms nor did it affect the decrease in the tone of the capacitance vessels. It was found that topically applied lidocaine per se did not have any effect on nasal mucosal blood flow as measured using the 133Xe wash-out technique. However, the local anaesthesia did block the allergen-induced increase in the tone of the resistance vessels. In conclusion, a redundancy of systems appears to be involved in nasal allergic reactions. Although a reflex-induced mechanism may well play a significant role in the induction of the signs and symptoms of nasal allergic reactions, the redundancy of systems involved may well override any reduction in one single system, as appears to be the case in the present study. Lidocaine peer se did not influence the nasal mucosal blood flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The study focuses on the relationship between the tissue density of mast cells, the tissue hislamine levels and the levels of markers of mast cell activation after an allergen challenge of the nasal mucosa of allergic patients. The effect of 4 weeks' treatment with a topical glucocorticoid, fluticasone propionate, was studied in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 25 hay fever patients. Nasal biopsies were obtained before and after the treatment period for the evaluation of mast cell density and tissue histamine levels. Nasal challenges were performed at 2-week intervals for 8 weeks using a standardized nasal lavage model. TAME-esterase was analysed in the returned lavage fluid from all the challenges (weeks 0–8), while the levels of histamine and tryptase were analysed in lavage fluids from challenges performed before and after the treatment period (weeks 0 and 4). The symptoms of nasal allergy were assessed after each challenge. Treatment with fluticasone proprionate did not influence mast cell density, the tissue histamine concentration, the lavage histamine levels or the TAME-esterase activity, while a reduction in nasal symptoms and tryptase in nasal lavagc fluid was revealed. Our present study again emphasizes the fact that the mast cell is an important trigger cell in the immediate nasal allergic response. The study also demonstrates the usefulness of the measurements of tryptase as an indicator of both mast cell activation and the efficacy of topical steroid treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 26 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Nasal polyposis is considered to be a non-IgE-mediated inflammatory condition of the nose and sinuses, often associated with chronic non-allergic rhinitis, aspirin intolerance and non-allergic asthma. The aetiology of nasal polyposis is unknown. The main symptoms are nasal obstruction and disturbance of the sense of smell. Occlusion of the nasal passage by a few large polyps could be treated by simple polypectomy to help lhe patient breathe through the nose. Polypectomy per se does not worsen asthma. Other surgical procedures can be performed, depending on the degree of the disease. The aim of surgery is to restore the physiological properties of the nose by making the nose as free from polyps as possible. and to allow drainage of infected sinuses. Complementary medical treatment of polyphonies is always necessary, as surgery cannot treat the inflammatory component of the mucosal disease. In this respect, topical corticosteroids have long been the drugs of choice to reduce the size of polyps, to prevent recurrence after surgery, and are often the main treatment for the disease in many patients. Fluticasone propionate has now been shown to be at least as effective as beclomethasone dipropionate as a medical tool in the management of polyposis. Short-term treatment with systemic corticosteroids is an alternative method of inducing remission and controlling nasal polyps. However, in mosl patients with nasal polyps, treatment consists of both medical and surgical management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suite 500, 5th Floor, 238 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA : Blackwell Science Inc.
    International journal of gynecological cancer 6 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Patients with ovarian carcinoma show an increased incidence of second tumors. The reason for this increase in incidence is not known. One hundred and ten ovarian cancer patients, in which half received an alkylating agent (Melphalan) and the rest received no chemotherapy, were studied to evaluate the role of chemotherapy in the development of second malignancies. In 55 chemotherapy treated patients 17 second tumors developed which can be compared with five second tumors developing in 55 patients not receiving chemotherapy (P = 0.017). Cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood cells performed on the 55 chemotherapy treated patients showed an increased frequency of chromosome aberrations compared with healthy controls, but no difference was observed between patients developing second tumors and those who did not. No statistically significant difference in the incidence of close relatives with cancer was observed in patients with second tumors as compared to cases remaining free of new malignancies. In conclusion the given chemotherapy seems to be the major cause for second tumors in this cohort of patients with ovarian cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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