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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 109 (1976), S. 482-487 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cycloaddition Reaction of “Isocyanoketene” to Benzophenone Anil and Thioimidates: Formation of β-LactamesPotassium cyanoacetate (2) reacts with Vilsmeier reagent (3) to give isocyanoacetyl chloride (4). This yields with benzophenone anil (6) or alkyl thioimidates (13) in the presence of triethylamine - possibly via isocyanoketene (5) - the isocyano-substituted β-lactams 7a and 14a, b. The hydrogen atom at the carbon atom carrying the isocyano group undergoes base-induced exchange for electrophiles. In 14a the isocyano group was converted into the amino group by p-toluolsulfonic acid monohydrate without opening of the β-lactam ring.
    Notes: Aus Kalium-isocyanacetat (2) erhält man mit Vilsmeier-Reagens (3) Isocyanacetylchlorid (4). Dessen Umsetzung mit Benzophenonanil (6) oder den Thioimidsäureestern 13 in Gegenwart von Triäthylamin liefert - möglicherweise über Isocyanketen (5) als Zwischenstufe - die Isocyansubstituierten β-Lactame (7a und 14a, b). Bei diesen läßt sich am Isocyan-tragenden Kohlenstoffatom das Wasserstoffatom baseninduziert gegen Elektrophile austauschen. Bei 14a wurde die Isocyangruppe mit p-Toluolsulfonsäure-hydrat in die Aminogruppe übergeführt, wobei der β-Lactam-Ring intakt blieb.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1984 (1984), S. 608-611 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Syntheses with α-Metalated Isocyanides, LIII.  -  Synthesis of Methyl 2,3-Epoxy-2-isocyanoalkanoatesThe title compounds were synthesized from methyl α-isocyanoacrylates 2 with H2O2 (in sodium hydroxide solution) or with m-chloroperbenzoic acid (in methanol/sodium methoxide)
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1984 (1984), S. 600-607 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthese und biologische Aktivität des Antibiotikums B 371 und seiner StrukturvariantenDie Synthesen der Titelverbindung 1 und einer Reihe von Strukturvarianten des Typs 4 werden beschrieben. Die antimikrobiellen Aktivitäten dieser Vinylisocyanide, die in β-Position entweder ein Indolderivat oder eine Aryl- oder 2-Thienylgruppe tragen, wurden im Plattentest gegenüber Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis und Mucor muhei TÜ 284 geprüft (Tab. 1). Einige der Verbindungen 4 sind stärker wirksam als die natürlich vorkommende Stammverbindung 1.  -  Eine Serie von Alkyl-2-isocyanacrylaten des Typs 5 wurde in den Test einbezogen. Einige davon sind außerordentlich stark aktiv (Tab. 2). Die Aktivität geht in allen Fällen verloren, wenn man die Isocyangruppe zur Formamidogruppe hydrolysiert (4 → 6).
    Notes: The synthesis of the title compound 1 is described as well as the syntheses of a series of structural analogs of type 4. The antimicrobial in vitro activity of these vinyl isocyanides, substituted in β-position either by an indole derivative or by an aryl or 2-thienyl group, was tested against Escherichia Coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Mucor muhei TÜ 284 (Table 1). Some of the compounds 4 display higher activity than the naturally occurring parent compound 1.  -  A variety of alkyl 2-isocyanoacrylates of type 5 were included in the biological test. Some of them display exceptionally high antimicrobial activity (Table 2). Upon conversion of the isocyano group into the formamido group (4 → 6), the biological activity is lost.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses with α-Metalated Isocyanides, LI.  -  Diastereoselective Synthesis of Ethyl (2S,3S,4R)- and (2R,3R,4R)-2-Amino-3,4,5-trihydroxypentanoateEthyl isocyanoacetate (1) reacts (base-induced) with 2,3-O-isopropylidene-D-glyceraldehyde (3) to give the two diastereomeric 5-(4-dioxolanyl)-2-oxazoline-4-carboxylic acid esters 4 and 5 with trans configuration at the oxazoline ring. Acid hydrolysis of 4 or 5 gives the title compounds 6a and 7a which were characterized as their tetraacetates 6b and 7b.  -  Analogously, 2,3-O-isopropylidene-D-erythrose (10) gives with 1 the two diastereomeric trans-2-oxazoline-4-carboxylic acid esters 11 and 12.
    Notes: Isocyanessigsäure-ethylester (1) reagiert (baseninduziert) mit 2,3-O-Isopropyliden-D-glycerin-aldehyd (3) zu den beiden 5-(4-Dioxolanyl)-2-oxazolin-4-carbonsäure-ethylestern 4 und 5 mit trans-Konfiguration am Oxazolinring, d. h. die Konfiguration an C-4 paßt sich jeweils der an C-5 an. Saure Hydrolyse von 4 oder 5 liefert die Titelverbindungen 6a und 7a, die als Tetraacetate 6b und 7b charakterisiert wurden.  -  2,3-O-Isopropyliden-D-erythrose (10) reagiert analog mit 1 zu den beiden diastereomeren trans-2-Oxazolin-4-carbonestern 11 und 12.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1979 (1979), S. 219-226 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Lithium Alkynolates and Lithio KetenesLithium phenylalkynolate (7a) was obtained from 3,4-diphenylisoxazole (5a) via 3,4-diphenyl-5-isoxazolyllithium (5b). Compound 7a was trapped with chlorotrimethylsilane as phenyltrimethylsilylketene (8 a) and with aldehydes and ketones as p-lactones 11.-3-Phenylisoxazole (5c) afforded the dilithio ketene (8d) (lithium tetramethylpiperidide as metalating agent). 8d was trapped as bis(trimethylsilyl)ketene or bis(trimethylstannyl)ketene (8b or c).-Other heterocyclic precursors for lithium alkynolates were examined.
    Notes: Aus 3,4-Diphenylisoxazol (5a) erhielt man über 3,4-Diphenyl-5-isoxazolyllithium (5b) Lithiumphenylethinolat (1a). Dieses wurde mit Chlortrimethylsilan zu Phenyl(trimethylsilyl)keten (8a), mit Aldehyden und Ketonen zu ß-lactonen 11 umgesetzt.-Aus 3-Phenylisoxazol (5c) entstand (mit Lithium-tetramethylpiperidid als Metallierungsmittel) Dillithioketen (8d), das als Bis(tri-methylsilyl)- oder Bis(trimethylstannyl)keten (8b bzw. c) nachgewiesen wurde.-Andere hetero-cyclische Vorstufen für Lithiumalkinolate wurden erprobt.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1981 (1981), S. 103-106 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses with α-Metalated Isocyanides, XLVII1).  -  A Reagent for Nucleophilic 1,3-Diaminopropylation1-Tosyltetrahydropyrimidine 3 reacts with butyllithium (or LDA) to give the lithium compound 4 which undergoes ring opening to yield the isocyanide 5. This reacts with a second mole butyllithium to furnish 1-lithio-3-[(lithio)(tosyl)amino]propyl isocyanide (7) which adds electrophils at the metalated carbon atom. The addition products  -  e. g. with alkyl halides (type 8) or carbonyl compounds (type 10)  -  have two masked amino groups which can be converted into free amino groups using known methods.
    Notes: Das 1-Tosyltetrahydropyrimidin 3 reagiert mit Butyllithium (oder LDA) zur Lithiumverbindung 4, die Ringöffnung zum Isocyanid 5 erleidet. Dieses liefert mit einem zweiten Mol Butyllithium 1-Lithio-3-[(lithio)(tosyl)amino]propylisocyanid (7), welches am metalltragenden C-Atom Elektrophile anlagert. Die Addukte z. B. mit Alkylhalogeniden (Typ 8) oder mit Carbonylverbindungen (Typ 10) enthalten zwei maskierte Aminogruppen, die nach bekannten Methoden in freie Aminogruppen überführbar sind.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1980 (1980), S. 1474-1476 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Lincomycin.-Synthesis of the Carbohydrate Moiety by Nucleophilic Acylation with 1-EthoxyvinyllithiumThe azido ketones 7, intermediates for the synthesis of the carbohydrate moiety of lincomycin (1), have been prepared by chain lengthening of the sugar aldehyde 3 with 1-ethoxyvinyllithium.
    Notes: Die Azidoketone 7, Zwischenstufen der Synthese des Kohlenhydrat-Teils von Lincomycin (1), wurden ausgehend von dem Zuckeraldehyd 3 durch Kettenverlängerung mit 1-Ethoxyvinyllithium synthetisiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1983 (1983), S. 372-377 
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of Enantiomerically pure Compounds from DGalactodialdehydeThe isopropylidene-D -glactodiaidehyde 1 reacts with methylmagnesium bromide to give the diastereomeric adducts 2a (4:1), which are separable at the O-benzyl stage 3. The major isomer was degradated to yield the synthetically useful enatiomerically pure compounds 5-10. Phenylmagnesium bromide or butyllithium react analogously
    Notes: Der Isopropylieden-D-galactodialdehyd 1 liefert mit Methylmagnesiumbromid die diastereomeren Addukte 2a (4:1), die auf der O-Benzylstufe 3 chromatographisch trennbar sind. Das Hauptdiastereomere wurde zu den präparativ wertvollen enantiomerenreinen Verbindungen 5-10 abgebaut. _ Phenylmagnesiumbromid oder Butyllithium reagieren analog.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1974 (1974), S. 1655-1660 
    ISSN: 0075-4617
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Acrylamides from Metalated Ketenimines and Carbonyl CompoundsMetalated N-phenyl-phenylketenimines 7 react with benzaldehyde or α,β-unsaturated aldehydes via carbonyl olefination to give α-phenylacrylaniklides 13. The reagents 7 were prepared from 1,4-Diphenyl-H-1,2,3-triazol-5yllithium (5) by nitrogen elimination or from N-phenyl-phenylketenimine (6) by metalation with potassium tert.-butoxide.
    Notes: Metallierte N-Phenyl-phenylketenimine 7 reagieren mit Benzaldehyd oder α-β-ungesättigten Aldehyden in einer Carbonylolefinierung zu α-yllithium 13. Die Reagentien 7 erhielt man aus 1,4-Diphenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-5-5yllithium (5) durch Stickstoffabspaltung und aus NPhenyl-phenylphenylketenimin (6) durch Metallierung mit Kalium-tert.-butylalkoholat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0075-4617
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Syntheses with α-Metalated Isocyanides, XXVIII1).  -  Oxazoles Unsubstituted in Position 2 from α-Metalated Isocyanides and Acylating ReagentsThe oxazoles 6 unsubstituted in position 2 (see table 1) are obtained from the α-metalated isocyanides 2 and acylating reagents such as the acid chlorides 3, the ethyl carboxylates 4 or the amides 5. Intermediates are the β-ketoisocyanides 7 which cyclize either in situ or during workup.  -  From potassium ethyl isocyanopropionate (12) and enolisable acyl chlorides the 5-alkylidene-4-methyloxazoline-4-carboxylates 15 are formed.  -  Reaction of potassium ethyl isocyanoacetate (2a, M =K) with 0.5 equivalents ethyl chloroformate affords the potassium diethyl isocyanomalonate (8, R1 = CO2C2H5, R2 = OC2H5) which can be alkylated in situ by alkyl halides to the diethyl α-alkyl-α-isocyanomalonates 16, the precursors of higher amino acids.
    Notes: Die in 2-Stellung unsubstituierten Oxazole 6 (vgl. Tabelle 1) erhält man aus den α-metallierten Isocyaniden 2 und Acylierungsmitteln wie den Säurechloriden 3, den Carbonsäureestern 4 oder den Carbonsäureamiden 5. Zwischenstufen sind die β-Ketoisocyanide 7, die entweder in situ oder beim Aufarbeiten cyclisieren.  -  Aus Kalium-2-isocyanpropionsäure-äthylester (12) und enolisierbaren Carbonsäurechloriden entstehen die 5-Alkyliden-4-methyloxazolin-4-carbonsäure-äthylester 15.  -  Aus Kalium-isocyanessigsäure-äthylester (2a, M = K) und 0.5 Äquivalenten Chlorameisensäure-äthylester erhält man Kalium-isocyanmalonsäure-diäthylester (8, R1 = CO2C2H5, R2 = OC2H5), der in situ mit Alkylhalogeniden zu den α-Alkyl-α-isocyanmalonsäure-diäthylestern 16 umzusetzen ist, den Vorstufen für höhere Aminosäuren.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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