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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 112 (1972), S. 113-123 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Urinary Enzymes in Newborns ; In Childhood Nephritis ; Nephrosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wir haben im Urin von insgesamt 350 gesunden und kranken Kindern die Aktivität von 7 Enzymen und deren Isoenzymeigenschaften untersucht. Bei Neugeborenen ist die höchste Aktivität der alkalischen Phosphatase, der Glutamin-Oxalacetat-Transaminase und des Lysozyms am 1. und 2. Tag nach der Geburt nachzuweisen. Bei mehr als der Hälfte der Kinder mit akuter Glomerulonephritis sind die Aktivitäten der alkalischen Phosphatase, der Glutamin-Oxalacetat-Transaminase und der Lactat-Dehydrogenase pathologisch erhöht und gehen im Heilungsstadium allmählich auf normale Werte zurück. Auch bei orthostatischer Proteinurie sind die Aktivitäten für diese Fermente sowie für β-Glucuronidase erhöht. Demgegenüber sind bei Kindern mit nephrotischem Syndrom die Fermentaktivitäten meistens tiefer. Pathologisch erhöhte Enzymaktivitäten bestehen ferner bei Kindern mit Leukämie, Neuroblastom, Pneumonie, Hyperthyreoidismus, Hyperbilirubinämie, Asthma bronchiale und Diabetes mellitis. Zwischen den Aktivitäten eines bestimmten Ferment im Urin und im Serum besteht keine Korrelation.
    Notes: Abstract The determination of serum enzyme levels has been increasingly used in diagnosis of children's diseases. However, urinary enzymes have been little studied and many problems remain to be elucidated. As a possible guide to differential diagnosis and prognosis of children's diseases, the urinary enzyme levels were determined in 350 children with and without diseases. The urinary levels of lysozyme (MG=14,000), amylase (MG=45,000), alkaline phosphatase (AP, MG=100,000), glutamate transaminase (GOT, MG=100,000–120,000), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH, MG=140,000), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP, MG=300,000) and β-glucuronidase (MG=300,000) were measured simultaneously in each child. In the neonatal period the highest activities of alkaline phosphatase, glutamate transaminase and lysozyme were observed on the first and second day after birth. The urinary levels of alkaline phosphatase, glutamate transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase were elevated in more than half of the cases in the acute phase of glomerulonephritis, and gradually decreased down to normal levels during recovery. High levels of alkaline phosphatase, glutamate transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase and β-glucoronidase were found in some cases of orthostatic proteinuria. In nephrosis, however, the enzyme activities were mainly low. Abnormally high enzyme levels were observed in leukemia, neuroblastoma, pneumonia, hyperthyreoidism, hyperbilirubinemia, bronchial asthma, and diabetes mellitus. No correlation was found between the enzyme activities in the urine and serum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 112 (1972), S. 124-132 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Urinary Enzymes and Isozymes ; Experimental Rat Nephropathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurden Urin-, Serum-und Nierenenzyme von Wistarratten nach experimenteller Nierenschädigung untersucht und die Aktivitäten von 6 Urinenzymen (Lysozym, alkalische Phosphatase, Glutamin-Oxalacetat-Transaminase, Lactat-Dehydrogenase, Leucin-Aminopeptidase und β-Glucuronidase) bestimmt und gleichzeitig auch Isoenzyme (alkalische Phosphatase, Glutamin-Oxalacetat-Transaminase und β-Glucuronidase) untersucht. Wir finden im Aktivitätsverlauf der Urinenzyme und der Isoenzyme deutliche Unterschiede zwischen den Ratten, denen Nephrotoxin und denen Aminonucleosid injiziert wurde. Bei den Isoenzymen der verschiedenen Urinenzyme war bei beiden Gruppen ein deutlicher Unterschied zu beobachten. Das Muster der Isoenzyme ist bei Urin-und Nierenfermenten ähnlich, weicht aber von dem der Serumfermente ab.
    Notes: Abstract The origin of urinary enzymes is obscure. We therefore determined the levels of urinary, serum and kidney enzymes (lysozyme, amylase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamate transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, leucine aminopeptidase and β-glucuronidase) and isozymes (alkaline phosphatase, glutamate transaminase, leucine aminopeptidase and β-glucuronidase) in Wistar rats with nephrotoxin nephritis or aminonucleoside nephrosis. The urinary enzyme activities varied in several ways in rats with nephrotoxin nephritis and with aminonucleoside nephrosis. A significant difference in the isozymes was found in the two groups. The isozyme-pattern of urinary enzymes resembles that of kidney enzymes, but not that of serum enzymes. These findings indicate that the urinary enzymes are mainly formed by destruction and renewal of renal tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 103 (1981), S. 1149-1156 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 171 (1990), S. 603-609 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0020-1693
    Keywords: Asymmetric synthesis ; Catalysis ; Enantioselectivity ; Epoxidation ; Manganese complexes ; Molecular oxygen ; Oxidation ; X-ray diffraction
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Clinica Chimica Acta 225 (1994), S. 171-177 
    ISSN: 0009-8981
    Keywords: Aprotinin ; Benzamidine ; Cross-reactivity ; Hemolysis ; Immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) ; Phosphoramidon
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of clinical oncology 4 (1999), S. 364-371 
    ISSN: 1437-7772
    Keywords: Key words Renal cell carcinoma ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-12 ; T-helper subset ; Immunity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. We studied the anti-tumor effectiveness of treatment with interleukin-2 (IL-2) and/or IL-12 for a spontaneously arising murine renal cell carcinoma (RC-2). We also analyzed the immunological effects induced by the treatments. Methods. One week after RC-2 inoculation, treatment with IL-2 (1 × 104 U or 5 × 104 U/mouse, every day for 3 weeks) and/or IL-12 (1 μg/mouse, once a week for 3 weeks) were started. We analyzed the relative mean tumor weight ratio (tumor relative weight/control relative weight [TRW/CRW]), the degree of tumor degeneration (grade), and the survival rate of the mice. We also analyzed the expression of various T-helper (Th)1-derived cytokine mRNAs (interferon-γ, IL-2, tumor necrosis factor-β) and Th2-derived-cytokines mRNAs (ILs-4, 5, 6, 10) in the spleen by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results. The combination treatments were effective in terms of the TRW/CRW ratios (4.8% for IL-2 5 × 104 U/mouse plus IL-12 and 8.9% for IL-2 1 × 104 U/mouse plus IL-12) and showed superior survival of mice compared with results for the control mice and those treated with a single agent. However, a small amount of viable tumor cells still remained (grade IIb), indicating the treatment was ineffective. Control spleens expressed Th2-derived cytokine mRNAs predominantly, in accordance with tumor growth. In mice that had combination treatments, the spleen expressed Th1-derived cytokine mRNAs, except for IL-10. Conclusion. We conclude that combination treatment with IL-2 and IL-12 has potent anti-tumor effectiveness, based upon the induction of cellular immunity implying cross-regulation with humoral immunity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 261-263 (Apr. 2004), p. 1617-1622 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Atomic Oxygen (AO) is a main constituent of the atmosphere on low earth orbit where theInternational Space Station (ISS) goes around, and is also known as the matter which deterioratemany kinds of polymers. However, the strength properties of polymers suffered from AO have notbeen fully clarified. To investigate this problem, we irradiated AO to Poly-Ether-Ether-Keton(PEEK) films under three kinds of tensile stresses. Based on the analysis of irradiated samples, theeffects of AO fluence (total amount of AO per unit area) and tensile stresses on damage propertieswere discussed with regard to reaction efficiency Re, surface morph, and tensile strength properties.As a result, the following were obtained: (1) Test piece surfaces exhibited considerable damagecovered by conical pits of 1μm sizes with a few μm depths. (2) Test piece thickness of irradiatedarea decreased almost proportionally to AO fluence. (3) Re and thickness reduction wasaccelerated by tensile stress. (4) Strength properties after AO irradiation were almost same asthose of a pristine sample considering the decrease of specimen thickness
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-6784
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract In the Aspergillus oryzae protease-catalyzed enantioselective hydrolysis of amino acid esters, linear relationships were observed between – RTln Eand T, where E= enantiomeric ratio and T= absolute temperature. According to this temperature dependence, the E value of 11 at 45oC was enhanced to 140 at 5oC in a typical example.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: LH-RH neurons ; Hypothalamus ; Rat ; Immunohistochemistry ; Radioimmunoassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The location of the perikarya of LH-RH neurons in the rat hypothalamus and their pathways to the median eminence were studied by immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay after placing stereotaxic electrolytic lesions in several parts of the hypothalamus. The principal location of the cell somata was found to be in the ventral part of the medial preoptic area; their pathways were classified into a main baso-lateral pathway and an accessory descending pathway branching off from the former. The main pathway was found to cross in the vicinity of the corresponding neuronal perikarya. The central median eminence and the dorsal and ventral walls of the tubero-infundibular sulcus of the caudal part of the median eminence are innervated mainly by the baso-lateral pathway. On the other hand, the rostral and most caudal portions of the median eminence are innervated principally by the descending pathway and have a subsidiary dual innervation. The projection of LH-RH neurons to the OVLT is believed to originate from perikarya adjacent to this circumventricular organ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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