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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 17 (1983), S. 905-912 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Various condensation polymers including polyamides, polyesters, polyethers, polysulfonamides, polysulfonate, polyphosphonate, polyimide, polyamide-imides, polyester-amides, etc. have been prepared and evaluated for their biocompatibility by a cell culture method. Cell attachment and cell growth are influenced by the chemical structures of the tested polymers. Aliphatic polyamides exhibited considerably different cell growth behavior than aromatic polyamides.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma—Hypervascular.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two rare cases of small intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with marked hypervascularity are reported. Dynamic computed tomographic and magnetic resonance images of the two cases revealed strong enhancement of the whole tumor on the early phase and prolonged enhancement on the late and delayed phases. In both cases, the tumors turned out to be well-differentiated tubular cholangiocarcinoma that contained a large number of tumor cells and few interstitial fibrous tissues. These results suggest that some intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma should be differentiated from other hypervascular hepatic tumors, especially hepatocelluar carcinoma, and that prolonged enhancement of the tumor on late and delayed phases of dynamic images could be of diagnostic value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 176 (2000), S. 77-100 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Key words: Pancreatic duct cells — Mathematical model — HCO−3 secretion — Cl− secretion — Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. We have used computer modeling to investigate how pancreatic duct cells can secrete a fluid containing near isotonic (∼140 mm) NaHCO3. Experimental data suggest that NaHCO3 secretion occurs in three steps: (i) accumulation of HCO− 3 across the basolateral membrane of the duct cell by Na(HCO3) n cotransporters, Na+/H+ exchangers and proton pumps; (ii) secretion of HCO− 3 across the luminal membrane on Cl−/HCO− 3 antiporters operating in parallel with Cl− channels; and (iii) diffusion of Na+ through the paracellular pathway. Programming the currently available experimental data into our computer model shows that this mechanism for HCO− 3 secretion is deficient in one important respect. While it can produce a relatively large volume of a HCO− 3-rich fluid, it can only raise the luminal HCO− 3 concentration up to about 70 mm. To achieve secretion of 140 mm NaHCO3 by the model it is necessary to: (i) reduce the conductive Cl− permeability and increase the conductive HCO− 3 permeability of the luminal membrane of the duct cell, and (ii) reduce the activity of the luminal Cl−/HCO− 3 antiporters. Under these conditions most of the HCO− 3 is secreted via a conductive pathway. Based on our data, we propose that HCO− 3 secretion occurs mainly by the antiporter in duct segments near the acini (luminal HCO− 3 concentration up to ∼70 mm), but mainly via channels further down the ductal tree (raising luminal HCO− 3 to ∼140 mm).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 161 (1998), S. 287-296 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Key words: Paracellular pathway — Osmotic flow — Salivary secretion — Submandibular gland — Cell volume
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. The volume changes of isolated acini and acinar cells from rat submandibular glands were measured from digitized images recorded upon stimulation of acetylcholine (ACh) or reduction of the perfusate osmolarity and water secretion pathway in salivary gland was studied. When acinus is exposed to a hyposmotic solution, water flows into the acinar cells and into the lumen via acinar epithelia. If the water enters the lumen chiefly via the cells, the swelling of the lumen would follow the same time course as the cell swelling or slower. The results show that reduction of the perfusate osmolarity evoked a transient increase followed by a gradual increase in the volume of unstimulated acinus, while it evoked only a gradual increase in the volumes of unstimulated acinar cells. Thus, the time course of the acinar swelling is faster than that of the acinar cell swelling. Reduction of the perfusate osmolarity also evoked a transient swelling in ACh stimulated acini. When acinus is stimulated by ACh, water also flows into the lumen via acinar epithelia according to the osmotic gradient which was generated by the active electrolyte transport of acinar cells. If the water enters the lumen chiefly from the cells, there would be no overall change in acinar volume. The results show that stimulation of ACh (5 μm) evoked a transient increase followed by a gradual decrease in the volume of the acinus, while it evoked only a decrease in the volume of acinar cells. Video-enhanced optical microscopy exhibited that ACh stimulation caused transient swelling of the luminal space, prior to causing the volume of acinar cells to decrease and the transient swelling of the lumen followed the same time course as that of acinus. Thus, the transient acinar swelling is explained by the transient swelling of luminar volume. These results suggest that water is probably drawn into the lumen from interstitial space directly in the salivary acinus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 154 (1996), S. 53-67 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Key words: Pancreatic duct — Mathematical model — HCO−3 secretion — Intracellular pH regulation — Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. A mathematical model of the HCO− 3-secreting pancreatic ductal epithelium was developed using network thermodynamics. With a minimal set of assumptions, the model accurately reproduced the experimentally measured membrane potentials, voltage divider ratio, transepithelial resistance and short-circuit current of nonstimulated ducts that were microperfused and bathed with a CO2/HCO− 3-free, HEPES-buffered solution, and also the intracellular pH of duct cells bathed in a CO2/HCO− 3-buffered solution. The model also accurately simulated: (i) the effect of step changes in basolateral K+ concentration, and the effect of K+ channel blockers on basolateral membrane potential; (ii) the intracellular acidification caused by a Na+-free extracellular solution and the effect of amiloride on this acidification; and (iii) the intracellular alkalinization caused by a Cl−-free extracellular solution and the effect of DIDS on this alkalinization. In addition, the model predicted that the luminal Cl− conductance plays a key role in controlling both the HCO− 3 secretory rate and intracellular pH during HCO− 3 secretion. We believe that the model will be helpful in the analysis of experimental data and improve our understanding of HCO− 3-transporting mechanisms in pancreatic duct cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 22 (1996), S. S94 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Conclusions The patients group had hippocampi that were 40–43% smaller than those of the control group, but the TL excluding HF did not differ between the two groups within one month after cardiac arrest. Our previous MR imaging study (Stroke. 1994;25) showed diffuse brain atrophy in the chronic stage after cardiac arrest. We speculate that the hippocampus decreases in size earlier and/or more markedly than the other TL structures due to its greater vulnerability to ischemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 38 (1990), S. 313-314 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: famotidine ; anuric patients ; haemodialysis ; H2-receptor antagonist ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of haemodialysis on the pharmacokinetics of oral famotidine has been studied in five elderly anuric patients. Famotidine 20 mg was administered in a cross-over design to patients on and not on haemodialysis. The elimination rate constant of haemodialysis (k) was 4.6-fold larger than the systemic elimination rate constant (ke). Although the mean maximum serum concentration of famotidine during haemodialysis (141.5 ng·ml−1) was not significantly lower than that without haemodialysis (195.6 ng·ml−1), the AUC up to 5 h during haemodialysis was significantly decreased to 58.1% of the value without it. The data suggest that famotidine is dialysable by haemodialysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: β-Adrenoceptor blocker ; intrinsic sympathomimetic action ; muscle cramps ; CPK ; CPK-MB ; propanolol ; carteolol ; metoprolol ; arotinolol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have assessed the propensity of β-adrenoceptor blockers to cause muscle cramps and to raise the serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) level in 78 patients with essential hypertension. After a control period, a β-adrenoceptor blocker without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (ISA; propranolol, metoprolol or arotinolol) was administered for three months. Thereafter, the patients were randomised to receive a β-adrenoceptor blocker with ISA (pindolol or carteolol) for three months or a β-adrenoceptor blocker without ISA for a further three months. This pattern was continued until all β-adrenoceptor blockers had been given. At the end of each period, CPK and CPK-MB levels were measured. Of the 78 subjects, muscle cramps occurred in 27 during treatment with pindolol and 32 during treatment with carteolol. No complaints were made by subjects treated with propranolol and arotinolol, but muscle cramps were reported in 2 treated with metoprolol. While muscle cramps were caused both by pindolol and carteolol in 16 subjects, they were caused by either of these drugs in the remainder of the subjects. Muscle cramp occurred mainly in the calves when the patients were in bed at night. Serum CPK and CPK-MB levels increased significantly during treatment with pindolol (control period vs pindolol, CPK=96 vs 133 IU · ml−1, CPK-MB=14 vs 18 IU · ml−1) or carteolol (CPK=117 IU · ml−1, CPK-MB=18 IU · ml−1) while the levels during treatment with propranolol, arotinolol and metoprolol did not change from those in the control period. The change in serum CPK during treatment with carteolol or pindolol was significantly correlated with the control serum CPK level. No correlation was observed between muscle cramps and serum CPK level. There were individual differences in the severity of muscle cramps, with some subjects complaining frequently of severe muscle cramps. Because muscle cramps are frequently experienced at night, they disturb sleep and lower the quality of life in patients. This problem should be considered during treatment with β-adrenoceptor blockers with ISA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: famotidine ; H2-receptor antagonist ; renal insufficiency ; old age pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of the H2-receptor antagonist famotidine, after oral administration of a 20 mg tablet, has been studied in 10 elderly patients with normal renal function (CLCR≧59 ml·min−1, Mean=80 ml·min−1), 5 elderly patients with renal insufficiency (CLCR≦38 ml·min−1, Mean=15 ml·min−1), and 6 healthy young volunteers. Elimination half-life in the elderly patients with renal insufficiency was significantly prolonged compared to the elderly patients with normal renal function and the young volunteers. The correlation coefficient between creatinine clearance and the elimination rate constant of famotidine was 0.672. Mean urinary recovery of unchanged drug up to 24 h in the young volunteers was 44%. The mean renal clearance of famotidine in the young volunteers (270 ml·min−1) was substantially greater than the creatinine clearance, 128 ml·min−1, which suggests the possibility of tubular secretion of famotidine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 324-325 (Nov. 2006), p. 125-128 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The influence of surface roughness in crack face on the behavior of crack growth is studied.Numerical results derived from two kinds of mechanical models representing the macroscopic andmicroscopic asperity supposed to exist in the face of an initial crack are compared. In macro-asperitymodel, the influence of location and size of single-triangular asperity on the stress intensity factor isevaluated. In this model, it is found that the mode-I stress singularity appears in certain circumstanceseven under overall compression. In micro-asperity model, influence of friction coefficient on thetrajectory of crack path is discussed. There exists a tendency that a path of wing crack growthbecomes more straight and parallel to axis of compression as the friction coefficient increases
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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