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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 22 (1989), S. 3180-3181 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The effects of polyethyleneglycol (PEG) on the radical polymerizations of methyl methacrylate initiated with the aqueous solutions of such macromolecular electrolytes as sodium polyphenolate and sodium polycarboxylate were studied. PEG was found to promote the polymerizations initiated by such sodium salt-type's macromolecular electrolytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 9 (1965), S. 1991-1994 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 10 (1966), S. 939-953 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The relations between the properties and the blend ratios of natural rubber (NR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) blends were studied in comparison with four blending methods. The relations between the properties of unvulcanized and vulcanized blends and the blend ratios of blends prepared by means of solution blending, latex blending, roll blending, and Banbury mixer blending were studied. In practice, such rubber blending methods as roll blending are more effective for obtaining uniform blends than Banbury mixer blending the latter. In roll blending, it is more effective to blend NR and SBR by way of a master-batch in which the ingredients are compounded beforehand than to blend raw rubber. In solution and latex blending, very uniform blends are easily obtained. It was found, however, that the properties of NR/SBR blends prepared carefully showed a direct relation to their blend ratios, regardless of blending method used.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 1 (1967), S. 78-91 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Abnahme der relativen Viskosität von Toluollösungen von Isobutylen-Isopren-, Polyisobutylen- sowie Äthylen- Propylen-Kautschuk bei der Reaktion mit Dicumylperoxyd wurde untersucht. Durch Anwendung der früher von KIRIYAMA et al. abgeleiteten Gleichungen auf die Reaktion von Kautschuk mit Peroxyd werden die Ergebnisse der Experimente diskutiert.
    Notes: The viscosity lowering of toluene solutions of isobutylene-isoprene rubber, polyisobutylene, and ethylene-propylene rubber in the reaction with dicumyl peroxide was investigated. By using the kinetic equations for the reaction of rubber with peroxide which had been derived previously by KIRIYAMA et al. the results of the experiments are discussed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Polymerisation von Methylmethacrylat wurde in Anwesenheit von Nylon-6-Fasern und Wasser durchgeführt. Es ergab sich, daß der Umsatz bei der Polymerisation in Abwesenheit von Wasser wie bei der thennischen Polymerisation, dagegen in Anwesenheit von Wasser viel höher war. Ist Methylmethacrylat sowie Wasser in genügender Menge im Polymerisationssystem vorhanden, so gehorcht die Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit (Rp) folgender Gleichung: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ {\rm R}_{\rm p} = {\rm k}\left( {{\rm Nylon}} \right)^{1,0} \left( {{\rm MMA}} \right)^0 \left( {{\rm Wasser}} \right)^0 . $\end{document} Die Bruttoaktivierungsenergie der Polymerisation wurde zu 13 kcal/mol gefunden. Die Polymerisation von Styrol, Acrylnitril, Vinylacetat und Methylacrylat konnte durch das System Nylon und Wasser nicht ausgelöst werden. Der scheinbare Pfropfungswirkungsgrad von Polymethylmethacrylat an die Nylonfaser wurde aus der mit Aceton nicht extrahierten Polymerenmenge berechnet. Der Wirkungsgrad ist unabhängig von der Reaktionszeit sowie von der Wassermenge und nimmt mit der Nylonmenge zu, während er mit der Methylmethacrylatmenge und mit der Reaktionstemperatur abnimmt. Aus der Tatsache, daß der Hauptteil des Polymethylmethacrylats nicht extrahiert werden konnte, wurde gefolgert, daß die Polymerisation von Methylmetharcylat in Anwesenheit von Nylon und Wasser vornehmlich im Innern der Faser verläuft. Der Polymerisationsgrad des im Innern der Nylonfaser gebildeten Polymethylmethacrylats war beträchtlich höher als derjenige vom außerhalb der Faser gebildeten Homopolymethylmethacrylat. Es wurde qualitativ geschlossen, daß das innerhalb der Nylonfaser gebildete Poly-methylmethacrylat hauptsächlich als Homopolymeres vorlag und nicht auf die Nylonfaser gepfropft war.
    Notes: The polymerization of methyl methacrylate in the presence of nylon-6 fibers and water was carried out. It was found that the conversion in the absence of water was the same as that of thermal polymerization, but in the presence of water the conversion was much higher. When methyl methacrylate and water existed sufficiently in the polymerization system, the rate of polymerization (Rp) was given by the following equation; Rp = k (Nylon)1,0 (Methyl methacrylate)0 (Water)0. The over-all activation energy of the polymerization was found to be 13 kcal/mole. The polymerization of styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, and methyl acrylate could not be initiated by the system of nylon and water. Apparent grafting efficiency of polymethyl methacrylate onto nylon was calculated from the amount of polymer which was not extracted with acetone. The efficiency was independent on the reaction time and the amount of water, and increased with the amount of nylon, while it decreased with the amount of methyl methacrylate and with reaction temperature. From the fact that a major part of the polymethyl methacrylate could not be extracted, it was concluded that the polymerization of methyl methacrylate in the presence of nylon and water occured predominantly inside the fiber. The degree of the polymerization of polymethyl methacrylate formed inside the nylon fiber was considerably higher than that of homopolymethyl methacrylate formed outside the fiber. It was qualitatively recognized that the major part of the polymethyl methacrylate generated in the fiber was not grafted onto nylon, but existed as homopolymer.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wurde der Einfluß von Polyethlenglykol auf die radikalische Polymerisation von Methylmethacrylat, die mit einer wäßrigen Lösung von Natriumpolystyrolsulfonat initiiert wurde, untersucht. Unter definierten Bedingungen erhöhte sich der Umsatz von Methylmethacrylat von 6,6 auf 100% durch Zusatz von Polyethylenglykol. Daraus wurde geschlossen, daß Polyethlenglykol nur als Natriumionenspeicher auftritt, nicht jedoch als ein Phasenübergangskatalysator.
    Notes: The effect of polyethyleneglycol on the radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate initiated with an aqueous solution of sodium polystyrenesulfonate was studied. Under the definite condition, the conversion of methyl methacrylate raised from 6.6 to 100% by the addition of polyethyleneglycol. It was concluded that polyethyleneglycol acted only as a host of Na+, but not as a phase transfer catalyst.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Polymerisation von Methylmethacrylat (MMA) wurde in Anwesenheit von Nylon-6 mit verschiedenem Gehalt an endständigen Aminogruppen sowie Wasser durchgeführt. Es ergab sich, daß, je größer der Gehalt von endständigen Amino-gruppen im Nylonmolekul ist, um so niedriger wird der Umsatz von MMA. Die Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit, Rp, ist proportional der Nylonmenge. Mit der Zunahme der MMA-Menge nimmt die Geschwindigkeit zuniichst zu, dann wird sie unabhangig von der MMA-Menge. Dieses kinetische Verhalten scheint zu zeigen, daß es sich hier vielleicht um eine enzymähnliche Umsetzung handelt: es wurde gefunden, daß die MICHAELIS-MENTENsche Gleichung auf die hier ermittelten Ergebnisse anwendbar ist. Die Polymerisation verliiuft radikalisch. Das hier gebrauchte Nylon-6 enthiilt Spuren von Kupfer ( 5 - 8 · 10-7 g Cu/g Nylonfaser). Wenn man das Nylon in Ameisensiiure lost und dann durch Zugabe von heiaem Wasser wieder ausfallt, verliert es seine Aktivitiit fur die Polymerisationsauslosung. Es wurde aber gefunden, daB das auf diese Weise inaktiv gewordene Nylon die Aktivitiit zuriickbekommt, wenn man das Nylon Spuren von Kupfer absorbieren liiBt. Ein der Enzymreaktion iihnlicher Mechanismus wird vorgeschlagen, wobei das Nylon als Enzym, das Kupfer als Coenzym eine Rolle spielt.Die Polymerisation wurde ferner unter Zugabe von Tetrachlorkohlenstoff untersucht. Es ergab sich, daß die in Frage kommende Polymerisation radikalisch verliiuft, und daß der Umsatz immer beinahe quantitativ und vom Gehalt der endstiindigen Aminogruppen unabhangig ist. Ein Mechanismus wird vorgeschlagen, wobei die Bildung einer Einschlußverbindung von Nylon mit CC14 sowie eine Komplexbildung zwischen Nylon, CCl4, Wasser und MMA eine Rolle spielen könnte.
    Notes: Polymerization of methly methacrylate (MMA) was carried out in the presence of nylon-6 with different content of amino end groups and water.The more the content of amino end groups of the nylon molecule, the lower is the conversion of MMA. The rate of polymerization, Rp, is proportional to the amount of nylon. However, as for the amount of MMA, the rate increased at first amount of MMA, but then became independent of the amount of MMA. These kinetical behaviours suggest a model of an enzyme-like reaction. MICHAELIS-MENTEN'S equation was found to be able adequately to be applied. The polymerization was confirmed to proceed through a radical mechanism. By the activation analysis, it was found that the nylon used here contained a slight amount of copper (5 - 8 · 10-7 g Cu/g fiber). When the nylon was dissolved in formic acid and reprecipitated by adding hot water, the nylon was found to lose the activity for the polymerization. However, when a trace of CuCl2 was absorbed on the nylon, the nylon was confirmed to regain the activity. As a conclusion, an assumed mechanism similar to an enzymatic reaction in which nylon plays as enzyme and copper as coenzyme was proposed.In the second part of the present paper, a study on the polymerization in the presences of carbon tetrachloride was made. Regardless of the content of the NH2- end groups, the conversion was always near to quantitative yield. The mechanism was found to be a radical one. An initiation mechanism, in which a complex of nylon, CCl4, H2O and MMA is formed, was proposed.
    Additional Material: 28 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 15 (1955), S. 271-276 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Polymerization of acenaphthylene by boron trifluoride-ether complex as catalyst was carried out in benzene solution of various concentrations of the catalyst over a range of temperatures from 20 to 50°C. Over-all rate of the polymerization was found to be of the first order both for the initial concentration of the monomer and for that of the catalyst: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ - d[M]/dl = k[M][C] $$\end{document} Activation energy required in the reaction was calculated to be 12.5 kcal./mole, and the molecular weight of polymers measured by the Gee osmometer was shown to be of the same order as found by previous workers.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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