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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of neutrophils in murine cryoglobulinemia (1998)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 47 (1998), S. 145-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Vasculitis — Glomerulonephritis — Cryoglobulins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Murine IgG3 anti-IgG2a rheumatoid factor (RF) monoclonal antibodies (mAb) with cryoglobulin activity, are able to induce, in normal mice, skin leukocytoclastic vasculitis and lupus-like glomerulonephritis resembling ‘wire-loop’ lesions (subendothelial immune deposits). The development of glomerular, but not skin, lesions in immunoglobulin-deficient mice (lacking the corresponding IgG2a autoantigen) receiving IgG3 RF cryoglobulins indicates that the RF activity of IgG3 monoclonal cryoglobulins and subsequent formation of IgG3-IgG2a immune complexes play a critical role in the development of skin vasculitis. In contrast, nephritogenic activity is solely contributed by IgG3-associated cryoglobulin activity. Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) infiltration is one of the major pathologic changes observed in both types of lesions. Treatment with mAbs against the adhesion molecules leukocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) (both known for their involvement in PMN-endothelial cell interaction) inhibits the development of skin vascular lesions. However, it has no effect on the generation of glomerulonephritis. Apparently, adhesion molecule requirements for PMN interaction with glomerular capillary endothelial cells are different from those for PMN infiltration of the skin. However, the PMN depletion experiment has clearly shown that PMNs play an active role in the development of ‘wire-loop’ glomerular lesions. In the absence of the glomerular PMN infiltration, IgG3 RF cryoglobulins induce a different type of glomerular lesion, characterized by voluminous intracapillary thrombi and mesangial deposits, yet lacking subendothelial deposits. This is consistent with the fact that the latter lesions can be induced by certain IgG3 mAbs, which are unable to provoke glomerular PMN infiltration. Finally, the activation of the complement system does not appear to play a major role in either skin or glomerular lesions induced by IgG3 RF cryoglobulins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050305
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A CD8+ T-lymphocyte-mediated and CD4+ T-lymphocyte-independent autoimmune diabetes of early onset in transgenic mice (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 1277-1279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words TNFα ; B7-1 ; transgenic ; mouse ; diabetes ; autoimmunity ; lymphocytes.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary While transgenic mice expressing tumour necrosis factor-alpha under the control of the beta-cell-specific insulin promoter display a marked lymphocytic infiltration of the islets, they never develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). In striking contrast, “double” transgenic mice whose beta cells express both tumour necrosis factor-alpha as well as the co-stimulatory B7-1 molecule all develop IDDM at an early age. Further, administration of anti-CD8 but not anti-CD4 immunoglobulins prevents diabetes onset. These results indicate that while tumour necrosis factor-alpha induced lymphocytic infiltration is not sufficient to effect beta-cell destruction, locally co-stimulated islet-infiltrating CD8+ T lymphocytes could play a critical role in the development of IDDM. [Diabetologia (1994) 37: 1277–1279]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00399802
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A CD8+ T-lymphocyte-mediated and CD4+ T-lymphocyte-independent autoimmune diabetes of early onset in transgenic mice (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 1277-1279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: TNFα ; B7-1 ; transgenic ; mouse ; diabetes ; autoimmunity ; lymphocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary While transgenic mice expressing tumour necrosis factor-alpha under the control of the beta-cell-specific insulin promoter display a marked lymphocytic infiltration of the islets, they never develop insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). In striking contrast, “double” transgenic mice whose beta cells express both tumour necrosis factor-alpha as well as the co-stimulatory B7-1 molecule all develop IDDM at an early age. Further, administration of anti-CD8 but not anti-CD4 immunoglobulins prevents diabetes onset. These results indicate that while tumour necrosis factor-alpha induced lymphocytic infiltration is not sufficient to effect beta-cell destruction, locally co-stimulated islet-infiltrating CD8+ T lymphocytes could play a critical role in the development of IDDM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00399802
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interstitial Pneumonitis and Hepatitis after Transfer of Bone Marrow Cells Bearing the Ipr Gene to Irradiated Recipients: A Disease Due to Large Granular Leueocytes? (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 26 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Mice bearing the ‘auto-immune’Ipr gene develop a lympho-proliferative disease associated with the production of various antibodies, Lethally irradiated recipients were grafted with bone marrow cells (BMC) from syngeneie mice with or without the Ipr gene. After 6 months, the survivors were 0/24 and 16/20 for the recipients of lpr and normal BMC respectively. The mortality rate was independent of the presence of T lymphocytes among the BMC. Histological evaluation showed that hepatitis, interstitial pneumonitis. and sclerosis of lymphohaemopoietic organs were the major causes of death for the recipients of lpr BMC, Hepatitis was associated with an increase in the number of liver interstitial cells (LIC) from about 2x106) up to about 107 cells per liver. The LIC associated with the hepatitis were composed of polymorphonuclear leucocytes and large mononuclear leueocytes, showing phenotypic (i.e. Thy. 1−, asialo GM1, presence of cytoplasmic granules) and functional (i.e, non-phagocytic and cylolytic) properties of NK cells. The disease can be distinguished both from the spontaneous disease of the lpr mice (by the absence of‘lpr cells'and of anti-DNA antibodies) and from craft versus host disease hy the absence of cutaneous and intestinal lesions. It may represent a model of tissue injury mediated by large granular leucocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.1987.tb02295.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epidermal and splenic antigen-presenting cell function in a retrovirally induced murine immunodeficiency syndrome (MAIDS) (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 284 (1992), S. 189-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Langerhans cells ; Murine AIDS ; Antigen presenting cell
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Since alterations of epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) have been observed in humans infected with HIV, we investigated the morphology and function of these cells in murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (MAIDS), a murine model closely resembling human AIDS. The number as well as the shape of dendritic MHC class II+ cells from ear skin of C57BL/6 mice were similar in normal and infected animals. In mixed epidermal cell (EC) lymphocyte cultures, EC from infected mice and from normal mice stimulated allogeneic T cell proliferation to the same extent. In contrast to T cells from normal mice, however, T cells from infected mice did not respond to allogeneic spleen cells, confirming the presence of a T-cell defect in MAIDS. Subcutaneous injection of syngeneic mice with trinitrophenyl-modified MAIDS EC resulted in delayed ear swelling responses after challenge that were equivalent to those induced by hapten-modified EC from normal mice, suggesting that the contact sensitivity inducing potential of MAIDS LC was preserved. To investigate antigen presenting and processing function, EC and spleen cells were tested with the ovalbumin-specific IAb-restricted T cell hybridoma BO.17.10 and either ovalbumin 323–339 peptide or intact ovalbumin protein. MAIDS spleen cells had a reduced antigen presenting capacity compared with normal spleen cells, whereas EC from these mice showed the same processing and presenting capacity as normal controls. In summary, our results demonstrate that the frequency, morphology, level of MHC class II antigen expression and ability to process and present antigen is normal for LC from mice with MAIDS whereas the function of splenic T cells and APC from infected mice is significantly impaired.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00375791
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IgG rheumatoid factors and cryoglobulins in mice bearing the mutant gene lpr (lymphoproliferation) (1984)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 4 (1984), S. 45-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Rheumatoid factor ; lpr gene ; Cryoglobulin ; Immune complex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The autosomal recessive mutant gene, lpr (lymphoproliferation), produces a massive proliferation of T cells in autoimmune MRL mice. Since the MRL strain bearing the lpr mutation is the only strain that spontaneously develops high titers of rheumatoid factors (RF), we have investigated whether non-autoimmune mice (C57BL/6, C3H/HeJ and AKR) bearing the lpr gene could produce RF. Serum levels of RF activity were assessed by a new radioimmunoassay, in which serum samples pretreated with acetate buffer were incubated with 125I-mouse IgG and precipitated with 7% polyethylene glycol. The majority of serum from 4- to 6-month-old non-autoimmune strains of mice bearing the lpr gene exhibited significant RF activity, as did MRL-lpr/lpr mice. Sucrose density-gradient analysis has revealed that all the IgG RF activity was present in a form of immune complexes, sedimenting in the intermediate position (7–19S) and fully dissociable into 7S IgG under an acid condition. This indicates that the production of IgG RF does not require a particular background genome of the MRL strain. In addition, mice bearing the lpr mutation developed extremely large amounts of cryoglobulins, which paralleled the production of RF. Analysis of components of their cryoglobulins revealed a marked enrichment of IgG3 subclass as compared to other IgG subclasses and IgM. These results suggest that IgG3-containing immune complexes represent the major source of cryoglobulins occurring in mice bearing the lpr gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00541278
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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