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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective loss of small myelinated and unmyelinated fibers in Shy-Drager syndrome (1982)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 57 (1982), S. 282-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Shy-Drager syndrome ; Sural nerve ; Umyelinated fiber loss ; Small myelinated fiber loss ; Autonomic dysfunction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The number and sizes of myelinated and unmyelinated fibers in biopsied sural nerves in cases with Shy-Drager syndrome were studied in comparison with cases with olivopontocerebellar degeneration not having autonomic dysfunction. In Shy-Drager syndrome, there was a tendency for both small myelinated and unmyelinated fiber densities to be reduced in comparison with cases with olivopontocerebellar degeneration. Unmyelinated fibers more than 0.5 μm in diameter were significantly reduced in Shy-Drager syndrome, a fact suggesting unmyelinated fiber degeneration. Multilamellated Schwann cell processes, isolated Schwann cell processes, and collagen pockets were more numerous and conspicuous in cases with Shy-Drager syndrome. It was concluded that unmyelinated fibers and small myelinated fibers in the peripheral nerves were involved selectively in Shy-Drager syndrome. The significance of the findings was discussed in terms of autonomic dysfunction observed clinically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692184
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-dimensional structure of Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles of the aged human brain revealed by the quick-freeze, deep-etch and replica method (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 79 (1990), S. 480-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Alzheimer's tangle ; Paired helical filaments ; Interfilamentous cross-linking bridge ; Quick-freeze, deep-etch and replica
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The three-dimensional structure of Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles in the pyramidal cells of the hippocampus and in the nerve cells of the parahippocampal gyrus was examined by the quick-freeze, deep-etch and replica method. The tangles consisted of either parallel bundles of or randomly arranged paired helical filaments (PHF), occupying the perikaryotic cytoplasm and extending to the dendritic processes. On the stereophotographs the PHF, measuring 28 to 36 nm in width, had two component filaments of 14 to 18 nm in diameter which were coiled anti-clockwise (left-handed) around each other with periodicity of 70 to 90 nm. The PHF in compact parallel bundles were cross-linked to each other with thin filaments, of about 6 nm in diameter, at relatively regular intervals. Randomly arranged PHF had no cross-bridges or side arms. Straight-type tangles of about 24 nm in diameter were rarely found in the dendritic processes. There were no discernible differences between the PHF of the patients with senile dementia of Alzheimer type and those of nondemented brains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296106
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lewy bodies are ubiquitinated (1988)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 75 (1988), S. 345-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Lewy body ; Immunocytochemistry ; Ubiquitin ; Paired helical filaments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The nature of Lewy bodies (LBs) in the brain stem and cerebral cortex in five cases of diffuse Lewy body disease and one case of Parkinson's disease with dementia were investigated immunocytochemically with various antibodies to cytoskeletal proteins, paired helical filaments (PHF) and ubiquitin. Antibodies to 200-kDa component of neurofilament, tau and PHF showed no significant reactions with most of LBs. Antibodies to high-molecular weight microtubule-associated proteins (HMWMAPs) moderately stained the periphery of a few of LBs. A monoclonal antibody to PHF (DF2) which recognizes ubiquitin, and polyclonal antibodies to ubiquitin immunostained virtually all of the typical and cortical LBs as intensely as Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaque neurites: the periphery of LBs was darkly stained, whereas the central core of typical LBs and central zone of cortical LBs were less intensely stained or remained unstained. Immunoelectron microscopy of the LBs with DF2 revealed that immune reaction products were located on the filaments exclusively in the periphery of LBs, but not on those in the center. These findings suggest that both types of LBs are immunocytochemically indistinguishable despite some structural differences, and that peripherally located filaments in LBs are tagged with ubiquitin, an element required for the ATP-dependent proteolysis system in the cell. Antibodies to ubiquitin are the most useful marker of LBs ever known.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687787
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurofibrillary tangles in human upper cervical ganglia (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 75 (1987), S. 156-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Neurofibrillary tangles ; Paired helical filaments ; Upper cervical ganglion ; Ubiquitin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are one of the main pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease or senile dementia, and are seen in the cerebral cortex and some other nuclei in the central nervous system (CNS). No NFTs have been reported in the human peripheral nervous system, although NFTs were recognized in the dorsal root ganglion of the aged rodents. We report here the presence of NFTs in the upper cervical ganglia (UCGs), but not in the stellate nor in the celiac ganglia, of an elderly patient, who was not demented and had only minimal senile changes in the CNS. Immunohistochemically the antibodies to microtubule-associated protein 2, paired helical filaments and ubiquitin stained positively the NFTs in the UCGs. On electron microscopic examination a periodical twisted pattern of the filaments was identified; these findings suggest that the NFTs of the UCGs have just the same properties as those of the cerebral cortex. This is the first report of the demonstration of NFTs in the peripheral ganglia and might contribute to the study of mechanism of NFT production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687076
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Curly fibers are tau-positive strands in the pre- and post-synaptic neurites, consisting of paired helical filaments: observations by the freeze-etch and replica method (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 81 (1990), S. 111-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Curly fibers ; Anti-tau antibody ; Immunoelectron microscopy ; Rapid-freeze and deep-etch method ; Neuritic paired helical filaments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructure of the curly fibers was examined by the transmission and immunoelectron microscopy as well as by the rapid-freeze, deep-etch and replica method. The curly fibers consisted mainly of paired helical filaments (PHF) in the neuropils, both pre- and post-synaptic. On the deep-etch replicas, PHF in the neurites had similar dimensions to those of Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles in the nerve cell somata, having the width of 28 to 36 nm. The two component filaments, 14 to 18 nm in width, were twisted left-handedly with about 70- to 90-nm intervals. There were also cross-bridging fibrils of about 6 nm in diameter connecting the neighboring PHF.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334498
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elucidation of three-dimensional ultrastructure of Hirano bodies by the quick-freeze, deep-etch and replica method (1991)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 81 (1991), S. 248-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Hirano bodies ; Unit lamellae ; Alzheimer's disease ; Rapid-freeze, deep-etch and replica ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To clarify the yet controversial fine structure of Hirano bodies, we made three-dimensional observations of the tissues from the right hippocampus obtained at autopsy of elderly patients by the quick-freeze, deep-etch and replica method. The basic structure of Hirano bodies was a unit lamella, a closely attached pair of sheets composed of parallel-running smooth filaments, 10 to 12 nm in diameter with 12-nm interspaces. In the unit lamella, filaments from each of the overlapping sheets crossed obliquely at acute or obtuse angles to form lattice-like meshworks. The unit lamellae were arranged in a folded, waved or concentric manner, and connected or supported by cross-linking filaments of the same width. The distance between these unit lamellae was about 50 nm. Occasionally the sheets were separated or fused making layers of one to three sheets. At the periphery of the bodies parallel filaments were dispersed into individual filaments of similar size or directly attached to the cytoplasmic membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00305865
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles and paired helical filaments in the pheochromocytoma cells of the adrenal medulla —Electron microscopic and immunoelectron microscopic observations (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 81 (1990), S. 213-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles ; Paired helical filaments ; Adrenal pheochromocytoma ; Antitau antibody ; Immunoelectron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and paired helical filaments (PHF) were found in the pheochromocytoma cells of the adrenal gland removed from a 54-year-old female. By electron microscopy they were identical to those found in the brains affected by dementia of Alzheimer type. In the tumor cells, most of the PHF were found dispersed loosely in the cytoplasm, while typical NFT were infrequent. By immunoelectron microscopy using peroxidase-antiperoxidase method, both NFT and dispersed PHF were stained positively with a polyclonal antiserum to human tau protein. This is the first observation of NFT and PHF in paraneuronal tumor cells. The patient has no obvious Alzheimer's disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00334510
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of cell surface morphology on age-related changes in concanavalin A-mediated red blood cell adsorption capacity of human diploid fibroblasts
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Experimental Gerontology 16 (1981), S. 149-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0531-5565
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0531-5565(81)90039-5
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