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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 35 (1963), S. 2035-2037 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 38 (1966), S. 43-48 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 35 (1963), S. 2112-2115 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Blutersatz: Bovines Hämoglobin ; Hydroxyäthylstärke ; Arterielle Stenose ; Oxygenierung: Gewebe ; Muskel ; Stenose ; Key words Blood substitute: hemoglobin ; bovine ; hydroxyethyl starch ; Oxygenation: tissue ; muscle ; stenosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract We investigated the effects of ultrapurified polymerized bovine hemoglobin (HBOC-201) on skeletal muscle tissue oxygen tension when applied before establishment of a nearly complete arterial stenosis. Methods: Twelve foxhounds were anaes-thetized IV and mechanically ventilated with 30% oxygen in air. Catheters were inserted into the right femoral artery and vein for measurements of haemodynamic parameters and blood-gas sampling. Arterial blood flow of the left popliteal artery was measured by an electromagnetic flow probe. Skeletal muscle tissue oxygen tension (tpo2) was measured in the left gastrocnemic muscle using a stepwise-driven polarographic needle probe, creating histograms from 200 single tpO2 measurements. Following isovolaemic haemodilution with Ringer’s solution to a target haematocrit of 20%, the animals were randomly assigned to receive either 200 ml of predonated fresh blood (group 1) or 200 ml of HBOC-201 (MW 32000–500000; Hb 13±1 g·dl−1; group 2). After a 15-min stabili-zation period, a 95% artificial stenosis of the left popliteal artery was established. While animals of group 1 received two applications of 200 ml 6% hetastarch (HES, 200000; 0.5), animals of group 2 received 200 ml Ringer’s solution 45 and 75 min after establishment of the arterial stenosis, respectively. Variables were measured at baseline, after haemodilution and application of the respective compound, and 30, 60 and 90 min after establishment of the stenosis. Results: Demographic data, muscle temperature and arterial blood gases did not differ between groups. With the exception of a higher mean pulmonary artery pressure in HBOC-201-treated animals, haemodynamics did not differ between groups. In both groups oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption of the muscle decreased in parallel to the de- creasing blood flow during arterial stenosis. In contrast, oxygen extraction ratio increased after infusion of HBOC-201 and remained unchanged during stenosis (P〈0.05). In group 1, the tpO2 decreased during stenosis when compared to baseline (P〈0.001) and remained decreased after administration of HES. In contrast, administration of 200 ml of HBOC-201 before establishment of the arterial stenosis sustained the tpO2 values at nearly baseline levels during stenosis. Skeletal muscle tissue oxygen tension was higher after HBOC-201 infusion during stenosis when compared to HES infusion (P〈0.001). Conclusion: These data suggest that haemoglobin solutions can reach poststenotic tis-sues. The increased oxygen extraction after application of HBOC-201 is associated with improved skeletal muscle oxygen tension during severe arterial stenosis.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Studie untersucht die Wirkung der ultra-gereinigten polymerisierten bovinen Hämoglobinlösung HBOC-201 auf den Sauerstoffpartialdruck des Skelettmuskels bei intravenöser Applikation vor Anlage einer 95%igen arteriellen Stenose. Methoden: Zwölf Foxhounds wurden intravenös anästhesiert und kontrolliert mit 30 Vol.-% Sauerstoff in Luft beatmet. In die rechte Femoralarterie und -vene wurden Katheter zur Messung hämodynamischer Parameter und zur Entnahme von Blutgasanalysen plaziert. Der Blutfluß der linken A. poplitea wurde mittels eines elektromagnetischen Flußmessers bestimmt. Der Gewebssauerstoffpartialdruck (tpO2) wurde im linken M. gastrocnemius mit einer polarographischen Meßsonde gemessen. Nach Hämodilution der Tiere mit Ringerlösung bis zu einem Hämatokrit von 20% wurden die Tiere randomisiert in zwei Gruppen zu je 6 eingeteilt. In Gruppe 1 wurde den Tieren 200 ml Hämodilutionsblut retransfundiert, während in der Gruppe 2200 ml HBOC-201 (MG 32000–500000, Hb 13±1 g·dl−1) infundiert wurden. Nach einer 15minütigen Ruhephase wurde eine 95%ige arterielle Stenose der linken A. poplitea angelegt. Den Tieren der Gruppe 1 wurde jeweils 45 und 75 min nach Anlage der Stenose je 200 ml 6% Hydroxyäthylstärke (HÄS, 200000; 0,5) infundiert, während den Tieren der Gruppe 2 je 200 ml Ringerlösung infundiert wurde. Messungen erfolgten nach Instrumentierung der Tiere, nach Hämodilution und Applikation von Blut oder HBOC-201 sowie jeweils 30, 60 und 90 min nach Anlage der Stenose. Ergebnisse: Muskeltemperatur, arterielle Blutgase und hämodynamische Parameter zeigten keine Gruppenunterschiede. Lediglich der mittlere Pulmonalarteriendruck lag nach HBOC-201 Infusion höher als in der Vergleichsgruppe. Der Sauerstofftransport zum Muskel und der Sauerstoffverbrauch sank in beiden Gruppen entsprechend der Reduktion des poststenotischen Blutflusses ab. Die Sauerstoffextraktionsrate des Muskels lag in Gruppe 2 nach HBOC-201 Infusion im Vergleich zur Gruppe 1 höher (p〈0,05). Der tpO2 sank im Skelettmuskel nach Anlage der Stenose in Gruppe 1 ab (p〈0,001) und zeigte keine Änderung nach Infusion von HÄS. In Gruppe 2 blieb der tpO2 auch nach Anlage der Stenose über den gesamten Untersuchungszeitraum unverändert. Schlußfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchung zeigen, daß die Applikation von HBOC-201 vor Anlage einer arteriellen Stenose einen Abfall des O2-Partialdrucks im poststenotischen Muskelgewebe verhindern kann.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 61 (1989), S. 211-222 
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We consider a simple electronic circuit model of a single neuron. The neuron is assumed to be driven by an external signal comprising constant (dc) and random components. In addition, the nonlinearity parameter in the circuit is assumed to fluctuate, thereby giving rise to critical behavior including the onset of hysteresis phenomena even for system parameter values that would not otherwise support such behavior. This “noise-induced critical behavior” is analysed, in the long time limit, through a study of the probability density function describing the neural response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1662-0356
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Notes: This paper presents the experimental study of fibre Bragg grating sensors for measuringstrain inside composite laminates during fatigue loading. The optical fibres are imbedded insidethermoplastic CFRP test-coupons which have an ultimate strain of about 1.1%. Tension – tensionfatigue cycling at a rate of 5Hz is been carried out at 314MPa with a maximum strain of 0.51%. Atsuch extreme strain levels the use of high strength sensors becomes inevitable. Neither the sensornor the composite test-coupons showed any significant degradation even after more than 500000cycles. Fibre optic Bragg grating sensors are known to be very accurate strain sensors but oneshould be very careful interpreting their response once they are imbedded inside compositematerials. In this study high strength fibre Bragg grating sensors with coating are imbedded incomposite test coupons and a pretty good correlation was found between the strain measurements ofan electrical extensometer and the imbedded sensor during the complete cycling. The high strengthsensor show to be very feasible for extreme and long term strain measurements
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 17 (1995), S. 811-817 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) (including magnetometers, electromagnetic radiation sources and detectors, and computer logic and memory devices) ; Stochastic processes ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary We describe an experiment on a simple superconducting loop with a Josephson junction subject to a time-sinusoidal magnetic flux embedded in a noise background. The response is shown to display thestochastic-resonance effect, wherein the output signal-to-noise-ratio passes through a maximum at a critical value of the noise strength. Escape times probability density functions are also obtained experimentally
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    BBA - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 22 (1956), S. 583-585 
    ISSN: 0006-3002
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0378-1119
    Keywords: AIDS ; AR G3 ; Recombinant DNA ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; expression cassette ; immunogold labelling ; morphogenesis of virus ; plasma membrane ; protease
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0378-1119
    Keywords: 2fi plasmid ; Retrotransposon ; amplification of genes ; expression cassette ; promoter ; recombinant DNA ; reverse transcription ; yeast
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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