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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus ; polyneuropathy ; sorbitol accumulation ; aldose reductase inhibitor ; clinical trial
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of the aldose reductase inhibitor, sorbinil, on symptomatic symmetrical diabetic polyneuropathy were studied during a 6-month period in a double-blind parallel group placebo-controlled trial. Twenty-seven patients received sorbinil and 28 placebo. The patients were assessed by clinical examination, neurophysiological measurements, sensory threshold determinations and tests of autonomic nerve function. No major clinical benefit was seen in the sorbiniltreated patients and no differences in sensory thresholds were observed. In three out of nine neurophysiological tests (motor nerve conduction velocity of the posterior tibial nerve, F-wave latency and sensory distal latency of the ulnar nerve) and one out of five tests of autonomic nerve function (heart rate variation during deep breathing) significant differences between the patient groups evolved in favour of sorbinil treatment. An overall evaluation of the temporal development of these and remaining neurophysiological and autonomic variables suggested a small but significant benefit from sorbinil treatment. There was no evidence of continuing improvement throughout the treatment period and beneficial effects observed were no greater than those seen in previous trials of considerably shorter treatment periods. It is concluded that sorbinil treatment results in some improvement in peripheral nerve function in symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy, but that the long-term effect may be of limited value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 23 (1971), S. 61-68 
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei der Durchsicht eines Patientenmaterials mit epithelialen Symptomen, Phagomania compulsiva (“pica”) und “restless legs” fand man bei vier weiblichen Patienten mit chronischer Eisenmangelanämie offenbar normale Mengen anfärbbaren Eisens im Knochenmark. Sie waren früher alle mit verschiedenen parenteralen Eisenpräparaten behandelt worden. Es waren keine größeren Mengen Eisen-Dextran infundiert worden. Die Diagnose Eisenmangel wurde durch die positive Reaktion auf Behandlung mit Eisen bestätigt. Es ergab sich kein Anhalt dafür, daß diese Eisenkomplexe, die langsam (wenn überhaupt) verwertet werden, irgendwelche schädlichen Wirkungen zeigen. Der Befund hat in erster Linie diagnostische Bedeutung.
    Notes: Summary During a survey of patients with epithelial symptoms, pica and restless legs an apparently normal amount of stainable iron was found in the bone marrow of four women with chronic iron deficiency anaemia. They all had previously been treated with different parenteral iron preparations. No massive iron dextran infusion had been given. The diagnosis of iron deficiency was confirmed by a positive response to iron therapy. There was no indication that these iron complexes which were slowly utilized (if at all) had any harmful effects. The finding is primarily important from a diagnostic point of view.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 347-355 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; cirrhosis ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability ; clearance reduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of impaired liver function on the pharmacokinetics of cimetidine was studied in 8 patients with advanced cirrhosis given single doses of 100 mg i.v. and 400 mg p.o. on separate days. Compared to a control group of 10 healthy volunteers, the total renal and nonrenal clearance was significantly reduced in the cirrhotic patients; (total plasma clearance mean ± SD) 356±181 vs 789±262 ml/min (p〈0.01); renal clearance (Clr) 296±100 vs 588±181 ml/min (p〈0.01) and nonrenal clearance (Clnr) 97±111 vs 205±89 ml/min (p〈0.05). Compared to published results for age-matched ulcer patients, both total and nonrenal clearance were lower whereas renal clearance was within the reported normal range. A significant reduction in volume of distribution (Vdβ) was found, from 2.1±0.1 l/kg in controls to 1.0±0.4l/kg, and in the patient group there was a significant correlation between Vdβ and total plasma clearance (r=0.72, p〈0.05). Volume of distribution in steady state (Vdss) did not differ from published results in age-matched controls. No significant change in half-life was found. Bioavailability, estimated by AUC-measurement, showed considerable patient variability (21–143%), with a mean of 70±39%. This was lower than in the controls. In contrast, measurement of urinary excretion showed higher bioavailability in the patients (66±23 vs 51±8%). No correlation was found between any of the kinetic parameters and the clinical and laboratory data. It is suggested that patients with advanced cirrhosis should be closely observed when given cimetidine, and a reduction in dose should be concidered if side effects are to be avoided.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 29 (1985), S. 241-245 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: ketoconazole ; serum lipid levels ; imidazoles ; triglycerides ; cholesterol ; lipoprotein lipase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Serum cholesterol and triglycerides were determined in 36 patients receiving an 8-month course of oral ketoconazole 200 mg/day in order to study its effect on lipid metabolism. The mean serum cholesterol concentration had decreased by 15% (p〈0.001) after 1 month, but on continued medication it returned to the pretreatment state; after discontinuation of therapy it increased transiently by 13% (p〈0.001). Triglycerides increased during ketoconazole administration and at the end of the trial the mean triglyceride concentration was 48% higher than the baseline value (p〈0.02). Although most lipid values during therapy lay within the normal ranges, 6 patients developed transient hypertriglyceridaemia. There was no correlation between the changes in lipids and peak serum ketoconazole levels. In one subject studied in more detail the concentration of very low density lipoprotein triglycerides rose during therapy, whereas high density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased slightly. The lipoprotein lipase activity in muscle and, in particular, in adipose tissue was significantly suppressed during ketoconazole treatment. Serum lipids and, if possible, serum lipoproteins should be carefully monitored in patients receiving long-term oral ketoconazole therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Immunology 13 (1995), S. 93-126 
    ISSN: 0732-0582
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Forty-four adult patients under 60 years of age with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia were randomized for induction treatment with one of the following three regimens: R 1 = courses of daunorubicin on day 1+ARA-C on days 1–5; R 2 = courses of daunorubicin on days 1 and 2+ARA-C on days 4–8; R 3 = courses of daunorubicin-DNA complex on days 1–2+ ARA-C on days 4–8. Out of 14 patients, 9 went into remission on R 1, 6 out of 14 on R 2, and 8 out of 16 on R 3. The preliminary results suggest that daunorubicin-DNA complex has the same efficacy for inducing remission as daunorubicin alone, if the same time intervals and dosages are used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Of 112 patients (maximum age 70 years) with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, 62 (55%) went into remission on an induction therapy of cytosine arabinoside and daunorubicin. 20 patients were randomized for maintenance treatment consisting of chemotherapy only and 22 patients for combined chemo-immunotherapy. The chemotherapy consisted in 5-day courses of daunorubicin and cytosine arabinoside and of thioguanine and cytosine arabinoside, alternating every month. The chemo-immunotherapy group also received weekly intracutaneous injections of 109 allogeneic nonirradiated leukemic myeloblasts and 106 BCG organisms (Glaxo) by Heaf gun. The median duration of the first remission was 164 days for the chemotherapy group and 464 days for the chemo-immunotherapy group. The corresponding median times of survival were 344 days for the first group and 734 days for the second group. The difference concerning median duration of survival is statistically significant. Thus immunotherapy seems to prolong survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
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    Ottawa, Ont. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Urban history review / Revue d'histoire urbaine. [6]:3 (1978:Feb.) 69 
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0975
    Keywords: Key words Coral damage index ; Diver and Anchor damage ; Carrying capacities ; Mooring buoys ; Red Sea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  A coral damage index (CDI) is provided, to screen sites to obtain a perspective on the extent and severity of physical damage to coral. Sites are listed as “hot spots” if in any transect the percent of broken coral colonies (BCC) is greater than or equal to 4% or if the percent cover of coral rubble (CR) is greater than or equal to 3%. To demonstrate its utility, the CDI is applied to a real-life management situation off Hurghada and Safaga, Egypt in the Red Sea. The extent of coral damage covered all four diving sites. Forty percent of all the transects were “hot spots” that required management action. Thirty-one percent of the 16 “hot spot” transects were identified by both broken coral and rubble criteria, 25% by only broken coral criterion and 44% by only coral rubble criterion of the CDI, suggesting that past breakage was responsible for most of the observed damage. Sixty-three percent of the “hot spot” transects were at 4 m depth versus 37% at 8 m depth, suggesting that most of the damage was caused by anchors dragging across the reef in shallow water. The severity of coral damage, reflected by CR, was the greatest at Small Giftun in transect 5 at 4 m depth (333% above the CDI). EI Fanous experienced the most severe degree of broken coral damage (325% above the CDI) at 8 m depth along transect 2. Estimates of the number of dives per year show diving carrying capacities for El Fanous, Gotta Abu Ramada, Ras Abu Soma and Small Giftun being exceeded by large amounts. The CDI can be used globally to; gauge the severity and extent of damage, focus managers on areas that need mooring buoys and associated dive site management programs, and provide a starting point from which to focus more detailed coral reef assessments and restoration programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. S137 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: α-Tocopherol ; Cholesterol synthesis ; Coenzyme Q10 ; Congestive heart failure ; Side effects of drugs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ninety-four consecutive hospital patients aged over 50 years were included in a cross-sectional study. Serum samples were analyzed for coenzyme Q10, α-tocopherol, and free cholesterol levels. Patients who died within a follow-up period of 6 months or had congestive heart failure or severe myalgia, and/or received cytostatic or lipid-lowering drug therapy showed significantly lower free cholesterol-related coenzyme Q10 values. Prospective controlled clinical trials will determine whether coenzyme Q10 has a potential to protect patients from such complications and become a useful therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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