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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 131 (2000), S. 39-45 
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Keywords: Keywords. Cystine; Computer simulation; Cystinuria; Renal stones; Solubility; Urine.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung.  L-Cystin ist die am geringsten lösliche natürlich vorkommende Aminosäure. Cystinsteine, die durch eine genetische Störung verursacht werden, machen etwa 1–4% aller Harnsteine aus. Da die Cystinkonzentration im Urin den einzigen für die Steinbildung verantwortlichen Faktor darstellt, ist die genaue Kenntnis der Cystinlöslichkeit in Urin eine notwendige Voraussetzung für weitere Untersuchungen. Die bisher publizierten Löslichkeitsdaten streuen jedoch sehr stark, so daß in dieser Arbeit eine systematische Studie der Cystinlöslichkeit unter Bedingungen durchgeführt wurde, die denen der Steinbildung möglichst ähnlich sind. Die Löslichkeit von L-Cystin wurde bei 25.0 und 37.0°C im pH-Bereich von 1 bis 9 in 0.300 molċdm−3 NaCl sowie in künstlichen Urinlösungen gemessen. Das Joint Expert Speciation System (JESS) sowie ausgewählte Protonierungskonstanten aus der Literatur wurden zur Modellierung der Cystinlöslichkeiten verwendet, wobei eine ausgezeichnete Übereinstimmung mit den experimentell bestimmten Werten erhalten wurde. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit zeigen, daß anorganische Salze nur einen sehr geringen Einfluß auf die Cystinlöslichkeit in Urin ausüben.
    Notes: Summary.  L-Cystine is the least soluble of the naturally occurring amino acids, and cystine stones, caused by a genetic disorder, account for between 1–4% of all urinary stones. Since the concentration of cystine in urine is the only factor related to the stone formation, a proper knowledge of cystine solubility in urine is necessary. Some research groups have already reported on the solubility of L-cystine, but the results are scattering. In this work, a systematic investigation of cystine solubility under conditions most pertinent to urolithiasis was carried out. The solubilities of L-cystine were measured at 25.0 and 37.0°C, from pH 1 to 9, and in different media including (i) 0.300 molċdm−3 NaCl solution and (ii) artificial urine solutions. The Joint Expert Speciation System (JESS) computer package and selected protonation constants of cystine reported in literature were used to model the solubilities of cystine. Excellent agreement was obtained between the experimentally determined solubility data and computer modelling of cystine solubility. The results of this work show that the presence of inorganic components has little influence on the solubility of cystine in urine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International urology and nephrology 32 (2000), S. 19-27 
    ISSN: 1573-2584
    Keywords: Calcium calculi ; Lithogen risk ; Renal lithiasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Calcium renal lithiasis formation depends on the balance between thermodynamic (supersaturation) and kinetic (inhibitors, nucleants)factors. In this paper, the importance of both groups was evaluated using(a) the complete urine analysis data obtained from 32 healthy volunteers and 141 active stone-formers, and (b) a comprehensive computer model to calculate the supersaturation values of calcium oxalate monohydrate,hydroxyapatite and brushite in each urine sample. The results of this evaluation were used to assess the possible effectiveness of a given pharmacological treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 60 (2000), S. 463-472 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: calcite ; calcium carbonate polymorphs ; phase transition ; thermodynamics ; vaterite
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Although vaterite is the least stable anhydrous calcium carbonate polymorph, it is formed as a metastable phase in some normal and pathological biomineralisation processes. In this work, thermodynamic aspects of the vaterite-calcite phase transition were comprehensively studied. Vaterite samples were prepared by different methods and characterised for the composition, crystal structure, specific surface and grain size. All products were identified to be pure vaterite by careful X-ray diffraction measurements. The enthalpy and Gibbs energy of transition were determined by precise calorimetric and potentiometric measurements. The reliability of the thermodynamic data for the vaterite-calcite phase transition derived from this work was shown by the use of different calorimetric methods to determine the enthalpy of transition and the independent measurements of heat capacity and entropy of vaterite. Our recommended values are Δtrs G*=−2.9±0.2 kJ mol−1 , Δ trs H *=−3.4±0.2 kJ mol−1 and Δ trs S *=−1.7±0.9 J K−1 mol−1 , where the uncertainties are given as twice the standard deviations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 19 (1980), S. 4373-4379 
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 117 (1995), S. 3643-3644 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 29 (1951), S. 769-770 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In der Arbeit ergibt sich im Durchschnitt eine merklich höhere Chininkonzentration in den Organen nach Injektion von N1-Methylnicotinsäureamid, wobei die Unterschiede in der Lunge am deutlichsten hervortreten. Hier liegen auch die Chininwerte im Leerversuch am höchsten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 11 (1932), S. 1392-1396 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Manuscripta mathematica 8 (1973), S. 93-109 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This article deals with the classification of summands of automorphy on locally trivial fibre spaces E(X, Y), the base space X having the property H1 (X,O)=0 and the fibre Y being a compact Kähler manifold. Further we assume that the structure group is connected and that the transgression H1(Y)→H2(X) vanishes. Then every summand of automorphy on E is equivalent to a homomorphism on B1(E) with values in the ring of holomorphic functions on X (theorem I). As a corollary we prove a theorem on the solvability of Cousin-I-Problems on E by additive functions (theorem II).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1807
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematische Annalen 31 (1888), S. 220-226 
    ISSN: 1432-1807
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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