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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 156 (1997), S. 423-427 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Teicoplanin  ;  Neonatal infections  ;  Sepsis  ; Gram-positive
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Gram-positive bacteria, notably coagulase negative staphylococci, have become an important cause of infection in neonates. Furthermore, many of these pathogens are now resistant to multiple antibacterial agents. Teicoplanin, a glycopeptide antibiotic, is active against a broad range of Gram-positive pathogens, including methicillin-resistant staphylococci. It has advantages over vancomycin in terms of tolerability, with a lower propensity to cause nephrotoxicity and anaphylactoid-like reactions, and in terms of ease of administration and monitoring requirements. The clinical utility of teicoplanin in neonates with Gram-positive infections has been investigated in several noncomparative studies. Clinical and bacteriological response rates in 173 neonates treated with teicoplanin 8–10 mg/kg intravenously or intramuscularly once daily after a loading-dose regimen of 10–20 mg/kg per day have ranged from 80%–100% and 83%–100%, respectively. Few adverse events related to teicoplanin have been reported in this patient population. Conclusion Teicoplanin (8–10 mg/kg) administered intravenously or intramuscularly once daily after a loading-dose regimen of 15–20 mg/kg per day appears to be an effective and well tolerated treatment for Gram-positive infections in neonates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 149 (1990), S. 493-495 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Pulmonary interstitial emphysema ; Respiratory distress syndrome ; Neonatal mortality ; High frequency ventilation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Among 315 infants treated for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) over a 2 year period, 32 prematures were studied retrospectively with the diagnosis of pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE). Eighteen died. In this group, birth weight below 1600 g, need for oxygen above 0.6 on the 1st day and appearance of bilateral pulmonary interstitial emphysema within the first 48h of life were significant risk factors, with a mortality rate of 94%. In order to recognize one or more early criteria predictive of fatal PIE, we compared ventilation parameters on day 1 between neonates with fatal PIE and those with the same birth weight and initial severity of RDS but without PIE treated during the same period. High positive inspiratory pressure on day 1 was found to be the most significant parameter associated with further appearance of fatal pulmonary interstitial emphysema. A cut-off level of 26 cm H2O was found to be discriminant. These criteria may be useful in selecting those neonates who might best benefit from a new therapy such as high frequency ventilation, before irreversible lesions appear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 16 (1986), S. 317-319 
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Keywords: Esophageal rupture ; Hydropneumothorax ; Newborn
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two cases of neonatal spontaneous rupture of the esophagus are described, one of which is associated with a duodenal stenosis. Seventeen cases have been reported. They present clinically with non-specific signs of respiratory insufficiency and radiologically by a right-sided hydropneumothorax. Esophageal opacification shows a leak above the diaphragm. A sudden increase in esophageal pressure at birth is considered to be a major etiologic factor leading to rupture. The presence of a duodenal obstruction support this hypothesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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