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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of interglobular dentine in rat molars and its relation to maturation of enamel (1997)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 196 (1997), S. 477-483 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Interglobular dentine ; Rat molars ; Lectin histochemistry ; Succinyl wheat germ agglutinin ; Maturative ameloblast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The development of interglobular dentine in the first upper and lower molars of Wistar rats aged 3, 7, 14, 21, 42 days was examined histochemically using a lectin, succinyl wheat germ agglutinin (sWGA), which is specific for N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. sWGA stained the interglobular dentine, predentin and Golgi area of odontoblasts. Interglobular dentine was not formed in the first molars of 3-day rats, but appeared in those of 7-day rats near the enamel-free area. In 14-day rats, interglobular dentine was present in most areas of the coronal dentine except the cervical area. At the interface between dentine and predentin, numerous sWGA-negative calcospherites were seen, suggesting that the interglobular dentine is formed actively there. In 21-day rats, the interlobular dentine was more numerous than in 14-day rats. Interglobular dentine was present in the cervical root dentine as well as in the coronal dentine, including the cervical area. The distribution of interglobular dentine in 42-day rats was similar to that in 21-day rats, but fluorescence of sWGA binding was less intense in the former. Because the development of interglobular dentine appeared to be time and position specific its relation to the stages of ameloblasts was analysed. Thin enamel matrix was formed at cusps in molars of 3-day rats and thickness of enamel matrix increased in 7-day rats. In these teeth, the ameloblasts were at the differentiating or secretory stage. The Golgi area and Tomes’ processes of the secretory ameloblasts, the cells of intermediate layer and the enamel matrix were weakly positive with sWGA. The epithelial cells at the enamel-free area were also stained with sWGA. In 14-day rats, most of the ameloblasts in the first maxillary molars were at the maturative stage except in the cervical area, where the ameloblasts were at the transitional stage. sWGA stained the distal border and the Golgi area of the maturative ameloblasts as well as the cells of the papillary layer. The distal border of the maturative ameloblasts appeared either thick or thin, suggesting a ruffle-end and smooth-end of the cells. Ameloblasts were absent in the first molars of 21-day rats and the cervical part of the enamel was covered with the stratified epithelium like that of 42-day rats. The present study has demonstrated that interglobular dentine contains sWGA-binding glycoconjugates and the formation of the interglobular dentine is largely associated with the enamel maturation. These results suggest that matrix-to-cell interaction is important for the development of interglobular dentine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004290050115
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Confocal microscopy of cementocytes and their lacunae and canaliculi in rat molars (1997)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 195 (1997), S. 491-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Cementum and bone ; FITC-phalloidin ; Actin filaments ; Alizarin red ; Secondary calcification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The present study was designed to analyze the morphological characteristics of cementocytes and osteocytes. The maxillae of 10-week-old Wistar rats were used for observations. Non-decalcified ground sections stained vitally with fluorescence dyes and decalcified frozen sections stained with FITC-phalloidin were examined by confocal microscopy. Calcein and alizarin red stained the calcification front of bone, cementum, and dentin intensely. In addition, lacunae and canaliculi of cementocytes and osteocytes as well as dentinal canals were stained with the fluorescent dyes. The staining of lacunae and canaliculi was less intense than that of the calcification front of bone, cementum and dentin. The canaliculi of cementocytes and osteocytes were connected with the canaliculi extending from the calcification front of cementum and bone, respectively. The canalicular density was less in the cellular cementum than in the bone. Areas devoid of canaliculi were numerous in the cellular cementum, whereas areas devoid of canaliculi were scarce in the alveolar bone. Further, the lacunae of cementocytes showed various shapes, from oval to tubular, while the lacunae of osteocytes were invariably oval. The cell body and the cytoplasmic processes of cementocytes were positive for FITC-phalloidin within the extracellular matrix of cellular cementum, which was negative. The distribution of actin filaments in the osteocytes and the cementocytes was predominantly cortical and appeared to be closely associated with the cell membrane of the cell bodies and the cytoplasmic processes. Intense staining was seen at the proximal part of the cytoplasmic processes in both osteocytes and cementocytes, showing a punctuated structure of the cells that was more frequent in osteocytes than in cementocytes. The stress fiber known to be present in most of the cultured cells was not evident in the these cells in situ. The cells incorporated in the cementodentinal junction were strongly stained with FITC-phalloidin. The distribution pattern of the cytoplasmic processes stained with FITC-phalloidin was similar to that of the canaliculli stained vitally. The cytoplasmic processes of osteocytes and cementocytes were connected with those of cells lining the surface of bone and cementum. The present result – that lacunae and canaliculi of cementocytes were stained vitally with the fluorescence dyes – suggests that cementocytes may have a role in secondary calcification of cellular cementum. Further, the lower density of cytoplasmic processes in cementocytes than in osteocytes suggests a lack of complexity in the intercellular network within the cellular cementum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004290050068
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Confocal microscopy of Tomes’ granular layer in dog premolar teeth (2000)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 201 (2000), S. 131-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Tomes’ granular layer ; Dog’s teeth ; Basic fuchsin ; Calcein and alizarin red S ; Eosin Fluorescence ; Confocal microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Tomes’ granular layer is the hypomineralized area of radicular dentin, but knowledge concerning it is limited. The present study was designed to investigate the structural characteristics of Tomes’ granular layer in the dog’s teeth by confocal microscopy. Permanent premolars of four beagles, two at 7 months and the other two at 14 months of age, were used for observation. During premolar root formation, the 7-month-old dogs were injected with calcien and alizarin red S for vital staining of dentin, and ground sections of the teeth were prepared. Both ground and decalcified-paraffin sections were made from the teeth of the 14-month-old dogs and stained with basic fuchsin or with hematoxylin and eosin. All sections were examined by fluorescence and confocal microscopy. In the ground sections, granules of Tomes’ layer and dentinal tubules were stained with basic fuchsin and with calcein. The granules of Tomes’ layer stained with calcein were seen only near the labeling lines by calcein. The granules of Tomes’ layer appeared as bright spots in cross sections, and as lines in longitudinal sections. When the sections were cut tangentially through the surface of dentin, the granules of Tomes’ layer showed a reticular structure. Most of the dentinal tubules were seen to pass between the granules and terminated in the dentin-cementum junction. Looped tubules were not found in this area. In the paraffin sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin, extracellular matrix of dentin showed fluorescence of various intensities and dentinal tubules appeared dark. At the surface of the radicular dentin, the granules of Tomes’ layer appeared as fluorescent fibers running parallel to the surface of dentin in the longitudinal sections. The fibers appeared as bright spots in the cross sections and as a mesh in the tangential sections. In the periodontal ligament, collagen fibers showed intense fluorescence, whereas most cells were negative. From these results we conclude that Tomes’ granular layer of dog’s teeth may be the collagen fiber bundles that remained uncalcified or hypocalcified within the radicular dentin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00008233
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Age-related changes in the localization of glycosaminoglycans in condylar cartilage of the mandible in rats (1996)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 194 (1996), S. 489-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Temporomandibular joint ; Immunohistochemistry ; Proteoglycan ; Aging ; Development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract There is little information available regarding the morphological and biomolecular characteristics of mandibular condylar cartilage. The purpose of this study was to determine the age-related changes in the morphology and immunolocalization of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in mandibular condyles. The mandibular condylar cartilages from 4-, 8-, 16-, 32-, and 64-week-old Wistar male rats were examined to verify the localization of chondroitin-4-sulfate (Ch-4S), chondroitin-6-sulfate (Ch-6S) and keratan sulfate (KS) using an indirect immunofluorescent technique with three monoclonal antibodies for glycosaminoglycans, 2-B-6, 3-B-3 and 5-D-4, respectively. Morphologically, the condylar cartilage was a growth cartilage during growing periods, began to differentiate into articular cartilage from the central area of 16-week-old condyles, and became mature articular cartilage at 32 weeks of age. A regional difference was found in the morphological features and distribution of GAGs between the anterior, central, postero-superior and posterior areas of the condyles at each age. The immunohistochemical localizations of these three glycosaminoglycans showed age-related, morphology-dependent changes, from growth cartilage to articular cartilage-like cartilage. Immunoreactions for all of the antibodies decreased progressively with age in the interterritorial matrix, while the pericellular and territorial matrix in the condylar cartilage of the mandible maintained relatively higher immunoreactivity. In conclusion, age-related and regional differences in the localization of glycosaminoglycans Ch-4S, Ch-6S, and KS were found in the mandibular condyles in rats, and these changes are believed to be related to functional and developmental requirements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00185995
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Confocal microscopy of dentinal tubules in human tooth stained with alizarin red (1999)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 199 (1999), S. 233-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Dentinal tubules ; Human dentine ; Alizarin red ; Fluorescence microscopy ; Confocal microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The present study was designed to analyze the structures of dentinal tubules by confocal microscopy. Undecalcified ground sections of human teeth were stained with alizarin red in 0.1% KOH aqueous solution, and examined by confocal microscopy. Alizarin red stained dentinal tubules, interglobular dentine, granular layer of Tomes, and the surface of dentine. Interglobular dentine was seen between the outer and middle layers of coronal dentine. At the outer layer of coronal dentine, the dentinal tubules were thin and showed numerous branches. At the middle layer of coronal dentine, dentinal tubules displayed two types. The type I tubules are the dentinal tubules that do not show any nodular structures and the type II tubules are the dentinal tubules that appear bamboo-like with many nodules. In the cross section through the type II tubules, the nodules appeared as fine circular tubules surrounding the dentinal tubules. The circular tubules of nodules adhered to one side of the dentinal tubules. When the fluorescence images were compared with the images taken by transmission light mode, the fluorescence of dentinal tubules was seen at the inner surface of dentinal tubules, and the fluorescence of nodules was seen at interface between peritubular and intertubular dentine. Most of the dentinal tubules were of the type II tubules in the teeth from older individuals, whereas the type II tubules were scarce in the teeth from younger individuals. At the inner layer of coronal dentine, the dentinal tubules have no nodules and branches were scarce. The dentinal tubules of radicular dentine were different from those of coronal dentine. Most of the dentinal tubules were the type I tubules. Numerous fine branches were seen at the outer and middle layers of radicular dentine. No interglobular dentine was seen in the root except at the cervical part, and the granular layer of Tomes was also positive with alizarin red. At the cervical part of the root, interglobular dentine was present and the dentinal tubules displayed types I and II.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004290050224
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time and position-specific expression of glycosaminoglycans in rat molar cementum related to physiological tooth movement (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 30 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The role of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans during cementogenesis is not known. In this study, we have analysed the temporal and spacial expression of GAGs in the cellular cementum of 10–30 weeks old rats, immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies 2B6 and 3B3, specific for chondroitin 4-sulfate/dermatan sulfate and chondroitin 6-sulfate, respectively. Both 2B6-and 3B3-epitopes were expressed at similar position and time in the rat cellular cementum. Two types of cellular cementum were identified; GAG-positve and GAG-negative cementum. The former corresponded to the lightly stained and the latter to the darkly stained cementum in sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin. The GAG-positive cementum was seen at the distal side of dentine surface and appeared most thick at middle of the apical half roots, whereas the other parts of the cementum were the GAG-negative. Distribution of GAG-positive cementum showed changes with age of animals. In 10–15 week old rats, the GAG-positive cementum occupied most of the cementum layer, covering a thin layer of the GAG-negative cementum. The cellular cementum of 20–30 week old rats consisted of three layers; GAG-negative, GAG-positive and GAG-negative cementum from dentine to cementum surface, reducing the GAG-positive area. Because our previous study has demonstrated that the lightly stained cementum is uncalcified, the present result suggests a correlation between calcification and contents of GAGs in the cellular cementum. Further, time- and position-specific expression of GAGs indicates their relation to the physiological tooth movement, which has been known in the rat molars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1995.tb02135.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of osteocalcin in cementoblasts forming acellular cementum (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 32 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To determine the phenotypic expression of cementoblasts responsible for acellular cementum, an immunohistochemical study was performed using a polyclonal antibody raised against the aminoterminal peptide of rat osteocalcin (OC). Maxillary first molars of Wistar male rats aged 2 and 3 wk were used for observations. Serial sections of decalcified paraffin embedded specimens were stained either with hematoxylin and eosin or with the anti-OC antibody. In 2-wk-old rats, apical roots were lined with the epithelial root sheath. A thin layer of acellular cementum was seen at most of the root surface, but was not seen near to root apex. In 3-wk-old rats, cellular cementum began to be formed at root apex, and acellular cementum became more thick than in 2-wk-old rats. Acellular and cellular cementum were lined with the fibroblast-like cells. Osteocalcin staining was detected in cells lining root surface in both 2- and 3-wk-old rats. Almost all cells lining cellular cementum were positive for OC. In contrast OC positive cells lining acellular cementum and root surface devoid of cementum appeared at a specific site of the root. The cells at the interradicular area of root surface were positive but the cells at the outer area (the opposite side of the interradicular area) were negative for OC. Osteoblasts and odontoblasts were positive with the antibody. The present results suggest that the OC expression of cementoblasts forming acellular cementum is similar to that of cells forming cellular cementum as well as osteoblasts and odontoblasts, and has a role for calcification of acellular cementum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1997.tb00534.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of glycosaminoglycans in periodontal ligament during physiological and experimental tooth movement (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of periodontal research 31 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Localization of chondroitin sulphates in periodontal ligaments (PDL) of rat molar roots during physiological and experimental tooth movement were analysed immunohistochemically with the use of monoclonal antibodies, 3B3 and 2B6, specific to chondroitin 6-sulphate (CH-6S) and chondroitin 4-sulphate/dermatan sulphate(CH-4S/DS), respectively. The maxillary first molars of experimental animals were forced to move laterally with a 10 g weight by U-shaped wires for 3 and 7 d. In control animals, 3B3 epitope was seen in the PDL near to the bone surface facing the distal half of roots, which corresponded to the compressive side during physiological tooth movement. Immunoreactivity for 2B6 was weak or negative in the PDL. Both epitopes were present at osteoid, precementum, lacunae and canaliculli of osteocytes and cementocytes. In 3-d-treated animals, the early stage of hyalinization characterized with visible cells and fibres was observed in the PDL at the buccal side of the mesial root, which showed intense immunoreactivity for 3B3. Further 3B3 positive area seen in control animals changed its position from the distal to the buccal side of the PDL. Immunoreactivity for 2B6 did not change in the PDL of 3-d-treated animals. In 7-d-treated animals, the typical hyalinization characterized with no visible cells and fibres was seen in the PDL at the buccal sides of both mesial and disto-buccal roots, where both epitopes were present at the peripheral part of the tissue. Observation of serial sections suggested that the 3B3-positive area was present at the peripheral part of the 2B6-positive area. The present results suggest that the expression of CH-6S is related to the compressive force in non-hyalinized and hyalinized PDL, whereas that of CH-4S/ DS is not influenced by the mechanical stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0765.1996.tb00487.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biphasic secretory potentials in cat and rabbit submaxillary glands (1973)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 29 (1973), S. 161-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Membranpotentiale, in Azinuszellen der Submanibularisdrüse der Katze und des Kaninchens gemessen, waren höher als die in der früheren Literatur festgestellten. Die Stimulation erzeugte biphasische sekretorische Potentiale (Depolarisation-Hyperpolarisation), begleitet von einem Nachlassen des Membranwiderstandes. Es wird vermutet, dass Acetylcholin die Membranpermeabilität der Azinuszellen für zwei verschiedene Ionenarten erhöht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01945449
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A histochemical localization on Maclura pomifera lectin during osteogenesis (1989)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 92 (1989), S. 225-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Mandibular condyles of 4-week-old Wistar strain rats and mandibles of ICR strain mice from 14 days gestation stage to 2 days postnatal stage were used to investigate the localization of Maclura pomifera lectin (MPA) during two modes of osteogenesis. During endochondral ossification of the mandibular condyle, MPA was only localized at the peripheral regions of calcified cartilage after the destruction of chondrocyte lacunae. Bone extracellular matrix (ECM) was not reacted with MPA. In intramembranous ossification of mice mandibles, MPA was stained intensively in the early bone ECM. The intensity of the MPA reaction decreased during bone development. In both cases of osteogenesis, chondroclasts and osteoclasts showed the strong affinity to MPA. These results indicated that the time- and position-specific changes within ECM proceeded during osteogenesis and that MPA was the useful probe to detect chondroclasts and osteoclasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00500922
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