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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Asymptomatic hyperglycaemia is associated with increased intimal plus medial thickness of the carotid artery (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 585-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Atherosclerosis ; borderline diabetes ; impaired glucose tolerance ; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; B-mode ; ultrasound ; carotid artery ; coronary heart disease ; ECG
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Atherosclerotic changes have not been demonstrated directly in asymptomatic hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects, although high mortality due to coronary heart disease has been reported. We measured arterial wall thickness non-invasively, in order to directly demonstrate atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries of hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects and to evaluate its risk factors. The thicknesses of the intimal plus medial complex (IMT) of the carotid arteries of 112 asymptomatic hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects (aged 22–81, 95 males and 17 females) were compared with those of 55 healthy male subjects and 211 non-insulin-dependent NIDDM male diabetic patients. The subjects were subgrouped into impaired glucose-tolerant (IGT) subjects who had a 2-h glycaemic level of more than 7.8 mmol/l, and non-IGT subjects whose 2-h glycaemic levels were within 6.7–7.7 mmol/l. Non-IGT and IGT subjects showed significantly greater IMTs than age-matched healthy males and showed no significant differences compared to age-matched NIDDM patients. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the risk factors for IMT of non-IGT and IGT subjects were age and systolic blood pressure. According to data on the accumulation of atherogenic risks (hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and smoking), IMT increased linearly in non-IGT and IGT subjects. However, non-IGT and IGT subjects without hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, or smoking risk still had significantly greater IMT than age-matched normal males (1.019±0.063 vs 0.770±0.111 mm, p〈0.05). Prevalence of ECG-indicated coronary heart disease was significantly higher in hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects and NIDDM with increased carotid arterial wall thickness (IMT ≥1.1 mm) than in those without increased thickness (IMT〈1.1 mm). Asymptomatic hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects have increased thickness of their carotid arteries compared to age-matched male NIDDM patients. As one of several independent risk factors, mild hyperglycaemia advances atherosclerosis, which leads to coronary heart disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400728
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of glycation suppresses glucokinase gene expression in HIT-T15 cells (1999)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 42 (1999), S. 1417-1424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Gene expression regulation, transcription factors, glycosylation, homeodomain protein, oxidative stress.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. Chronic hyperglycaemia in patients with Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus often leads to a decline in glucose-responsive insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells, a phenomenon called glucose toxicity. Upon hyperglycaemia, glycation reaction occurs in the beta cells and induces oxidative stress. To understand the molecular basis of the beta-cell glucose toxicity, we investigated the possible effects of glycation on the expression and enzymatic activity of glucokinase, which plays a crucial part in glucose-responsive insulin secretion.¶Methods. Glycation and reactive oxygen species were induced in HIT-T15 cells by treatment with d-ribose and effects on glucokinase gene transcription, glucokinase protein amount, glucose phosphorylation activity, and DNA-binding activities of putative glucokinase gene transcription factors were evaluated.¶Results. When glycation was induced in HIT-T15 cells, the activity of the human glucokinase gene beta-cell-type promoter was suppressed substantially (83 % reduction at 60 mmol/l d-ribose). Also, similar reductions in mRNA and protein amounts of glucokinase and in the Vmax of its enzymatic activity were observed. In agreement with the reduction in the promoter activity, the two major transcription factors of the glucokinase gene, the Pal-binding factor and PDX-1, reduced their binding to their target sequences in the glucokinase gene promoter in glycation-induced HIT cells. Because these effects of d-ribose were counteracted by aminoguanidine or N-acetylcysteine, reactive oxygen species, generated by the glycation reaction, appears to be involved in the phenomena.¶Conclusion/interpretation. The induction of the glycation reaction, which is known to occur in pancreatic beta cells in chronic hyperglycaemia, suppresses the glucokinase gene transcription and its enzymatic activity. Thus, hyperglycaemia-dependent inhibition of glucokinase activity could in part explain beta-cell glucose toxicity. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 1417–1424]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051313
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Asymptomatic hyperglycaemia is associated with increased intimal plus medial thickness of the carotid artery (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 585-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Atherosclerosis ; borderline diabetes ; impaired glucose tolerance ; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; B-mode ; ultrasound ; carotid artery ; coronary heart disease ; ECG.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Atherosclerotic changes have not been demonstrated directly in asymptomatic hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects, although high mortality due to coronary heart disease has been reported. We measured arterial wall thickness non-invasively, in order to directly demonstrate atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries of hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects and to evaluate its risk factors. The thicknesses of the intimal plus medial complex (IMT) of the carotid arteries of 112 asymptomatic hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects (aged 22–81, 95 males and 17 females) were compared with those of 55 healthy male subjects and 211 non-insulin-dependent NIDDM male diabetic patients. The subjects were subgrouped into impaired glucose-tolerant (IGT) subjects who had a 2-h glycaemic level of more than 7.8 mmol/l, and non-IGT subjects whose 2-h glycaemic levels were within 6.7–7.7 mmol/l. Non-IGT and IGT subjects showed significantly greater IMTs than age-matched healthy males and showed no significant differences compared to age-matched NIDDM patients. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the risk factors for IMT of non-IGT and IGT subjects were age and systolic blood pressure. According to data on the accumulation of atherogenic risks (hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and smoking), IMT increased linearly in non-IGT and IGT subjects. However, non-IGT and IGT subjects without hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, or smoking risk still had significantly greater IMT than age- matched normal males (1.019 ± 0.063 vs 0.770 ± 0.111 mm, p 〈 0.05). Prevalence of ECG-indicated coronary heart disease was significantly higher in hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects and NIDDM with increased carotid arterial wall thickness (IMT ≥ 1.1 mm) than in those without increased thickness (IMT 〈 1.1 mm). Asymptomatic hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects have increased thickness of their carotid arteries compared to age-matched male NIDDM patients. As one of several independent risk factors, mild hyperglycaemia advances atherosclerosis, which leads to coronary heart disease. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 585–591]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050323
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxidative stress induces p21 expression in pancreatic islet cells: possible implication in beta-cell dysfunction (1999)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 42 (1999), S. 1093-1097 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Oxidative stress ; glucose toxicity ; p21 ; cyclin-dependent kinase ; insulin gene ; insulin secretion ; beta-cell.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. Prolonged poor glycaemic control in patients with Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus often causes pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction accompanied by decreases in insulin biosynthesis and beta-cell proliferation. This is well known as a clinical concept called glucose toxicity. Whereas oxidative stress is provoked under diabetic conditions, we examined the possible implication of cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor p21 (WAF1/CIP1/Sdi1) in beta-cell dysfunction mediated by oxidative stress. Methods. Oxidative stress was induced in isolated rat pancreatic islet cells by treatment with H2O2 and mRNA expression of p21 and insulin was examined by northern blot analyses. Also, the expression of p21 and insulin mRNA was examined in Zucker diabetic fatty rat. In islet cells p21 was overexpressed using adenovirus and its effect on insulin gene transcription was examined. Results. When oxidative stress was charged on isolated rat pancreatic islet cells, p21 mRNA expression was induced whereas insulin mRNA was decreased. Also, when diabetes developed in Zucker diabetic fatty rats, p21 expression was induced and the insulin mRNA expression was reduced. As support for the implication of p21 in impairment of beta-cell function, the p21 overexpression in the islet cells suppressed the insulin gene transcription. Conclusions/interpretation. The expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, which can be induced by oxidative stress, increases in pancreatic islet cells upon development of diabetes. By suppressing cell proliferation and insulin biosynthesis, the p21 induction is likely to be implicated in the beta-cell glucose toxicity. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 1093–1097}
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051276
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stereo-videomicrography projection system for use at scientific meetings (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 137 (1995), S. 96-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Projection system ; stereoscopy ; three-dimensional image ; microsurgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A new stereoscopic projection system has been developed for simultaneous viewing of microsurgical procedures by hundreds of participants at neurosurgical meetings. The video images recorded from each eyepiece of an operating microscope were projected onto two wide screens, which were viewed by two converging eyes or by cross-sight. The system was simple and proved to be of great practical use although it yielded minor eyestrain and required some practice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02188789
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diamox® Challenge Test to Decide Indications for Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunting in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (1999)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 141 (1999), S. 1187-1193 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Normal pressure hydrocephalus; Diamox®; ventriculoperitoneal shunt; telemetry.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary ¶ Objective. The indications for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) have not been established. Establishment of clear-cut indications for this procedure is essential to ensure cost-effective, and safe treatment. We report the usefulness of the Diamox® challenge test in evaluating indications for CSF shunting in patients with NPH.  Methods. Pre- and post-operative responses in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and intracranial pressure (ICP) to intravenous administration of Diamox® 1000mg (Diamox® administration) were analysed in 41 patients with NPH who were treated by ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt with a programmable valve and an on-off valve.  Results. The preoperative response of ICP to Diamox® administration was more than 10 mmHg in most patients in whom the shunt was effective (shunt effective group), however, it was less than 10 mmHg in most patients in whom the shunt was ineffective (shunt non-effective group). Furthermore, the postoperative response of ICP to Diamox® administration decreased to less than 10 mmHg in most patients in the shunt effective group. The increases in CBF in response to Diamox® administration were similar in the two groups both before and after placement of the VP shunt.  Conclusion. Patients in whom ICP increased by more than 10 mmHg in response to Diamox® administration were regarded to have poor CSF circulation and to thus be candidates for CSF shunting. The Diamox® challenge test is a simple, safe procedure, useful in evaluating the response to treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050417
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased Glutamate Transporter (GLT-1) Immunoreactivity in the Rat Striatum after Repeated Intermittent Administration of Methamphetamine (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 801 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb17451.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    cDNA cloning of a neural visinin-like Ca^2^+-binding protein
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 184 (1992), S. 1219-1225 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Keywords: [abr] 21-kDa CaBP,; 21,000-dalton Ca^2^+-binding protein ; [abr] PAGE; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; [abr] SDS; sodium dodecyl sulfate
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(05)80012-9
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An AP-1 Enhancer Mediates TPA-Induced Transcriptional Activation of the Chicken Insulin-like Growth Factor I Gene
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 190 (1993), S. 767-773 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.1993.1115
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of amino-acid polymorphism within the leucine zipper motif of mouse transcription factor A1
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Gene 139 (1994), S. 247-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-1119
    Keywords: E2A gene ; E47 ; Helix-loop-helix protein ; recombinant DNA
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0378-1119(94)90764-1
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