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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Maillard protein cross-link pentosidine in urine from diabetic patients (1993)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 36 (1993), S. 664-667 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Fluorometry ; HPLC ; human urine ; laboratory medicine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The Maillard protein cross-link pentosidine is a fluorescent condensation product of lysine, arginine and ribose. It accumulates in human tissues with age, and the accumulation process is accelerated in the tissues of diabetic patients. Using SP-Sephadex C-25 in the pretreatment for HPLC, we examined levels of pentosidine in urine without hydrolysis (free form) and levels of pentosidine in urine after hydrolysis (total forms), from 23 diabetic patients and 21 control subjects. The mean percentages of the values of free form per total forms (±SD) were 89±15% in diabetic patients, 88±16% in control subjects and 89±15% in total populations of diabetic patients and control subjects. There was a significant correlation between the values of free form and total forms in diabetic patients (r=0.938, p=0.0001), in control subjects (r=0.820, p〈0.02) and in total populations of diabetic patients and control subjects (r=0.951, p=0.0001). The mean level of pentosidine per mol creatinine (±SD) was significantly elevated in urine from diabetic patients as compared to the level in control subjects (8.8±4.3 μmol/mol creatinine vs 4.2±1.4 μmol/mol creatinine, p=0.0001 in free form; 10.1±5.3 μmol/mol creatinine vs 4.7±1.4 μmol/mol creatinine, p=0.0001 in total forms). These results demonstrate that urinary pentosidine, especially in free form, could be a useful marker for the assessment of diabetes and diabetic complications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00404078
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of menopause on biochemical markers and ultrasound densitometry in healthy females (1994)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 55 (1994), S. 420-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Menopause ; Hydroxypyridinium crosslinks ; Osteocalcin ; Ultrasound bone densitometer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Urinary pyridinoline (pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (dpyr) are new markers for bone resorption, and serum osteocalcin reportedly indicates osteoblastic activity. Recently, a new ultrasound bone densitometer instrument has been developed that measures ultrasonic properties of the os calcis, namely, the speed of sound (SOS), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), and stiffness index. The effects of menopause on biochemical markers and ultrasound densitometry were investigated in 40 healthy females, 36–39 years, with regular menstruation, and in 117 healthy perimenopausal females, 47–57 years, who were divided into a premenopausal group and a postmenopausal group. Significantly elevated values of pyr, dpyr, and serum osteocalcin were found for the postmenopausal group as a whole compared with the premenopausal group. We examined postmenopausal groups 48–57 years of age stratified into 2-year intervals (within 2 years of the menopause, 2–4 years postmenopause and 4–6 years postmenopause). Elevated values of urinary pyr, dpyr, and serum osteocalcin were evident even in the first 2 years postmenopause compared with the premenopausal group, and these higher values were exhibited until 6 years after menopause. We found a significant decrease in SOS, BUA, and stiffness index of the postmenopausal group as a whole, compared with those of the premenopausal group. SOS, BUA, and stiffness index of the group within 2 years of menopause significantly decreased compared with those of the premenopausal group. The Z-scores of the increase in biochemical markers and the decrease in stiffness index in the postmenopausal group were approximately 0.7–1.3 compared with the premenopausal group. The results suggest that these biochemical markers and ultrasound densitometry are potentially sensitive parameters of postmenopausal bone change.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298555
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effect of Tamoxifen on Bone Metabolism and Skeletal Growth is Different in Ovariectomized and Intact Rats (1996)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 59 (1996), S. 271-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Antiestrogen — Biochemical markers — Bone mineral density — Osteocalcin — Pyridinoline.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The effects of tamoxifen (TAM) treatment on bone metabolism and skeletal growth were studied in sexually mature intact or ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Experiment 1 was designed to observe the effects of TAM on bone metabolism and skeletal growth in intact rats and included two groups: (1) intact plus vehicle and (2) intact plus TAM. Experiment 2 was designed to investigate the effects of TAM on OVX rats and included the other two groups: (3) OVX plus vehicle and (4) OVX plus TAM. Serum calcium osteocalcin and urinary pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (Dpyr) were measured serially before and after TAM treatment for 6 weeks in order to monitor bone turnover. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of excised right femora and lumbar vertebrae were determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). To examine the effect of TAM on skeletal growth, the conventional parameters of femora and the histology of right tibiae were also measured. TAM did not induce significant change in the biochemical markers in intact rats during the 6-week experiment. Bone mass and skeletal growth were not changed by TAM treatment in intact rats. However, TAM treatment reduced the increase in serum osteocalcin and urinary pyridinium cross-links from 1 week to 6 weeks postovariectomy in the OVX rats. TAM inhibited the skeletal growth in OVX rats, because TAM treatment shortened femoral length and decreased the cell number in the growth plate in OVX rats in this study. Our findings indicate that TAM exerts an effect of estrogen agonist on bone metabolism and skeletal growth in OVX rats, however, it does not affect them in intact rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900122
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors Related to the Parameters of Ultrasound Measurements in the Early Menopausal Period (1997)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 61 (1997), S. 443-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Menopause — Bone metabolic markers — Multiple regression analysis — Ultrasound bone measurements.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Urinary deoxypyridinoline, serum osteocalcin (OC), and ultrasound (US) measurements were investigated in a premenopausal group and a postmenopausal group. In previous studies we reported the relation between each biochemical marker and each US parameter by simple regression analysis. However, in this study, multiple regression analysis of the US parameter, not only by biochemical markers but also by age and body mass index (BMI), were done to determine what fraction of the variation in the respective US values can be accounted for by these factors. Multiple regression analysis showed that age and serum OC were significant determinants for stiffness index, serum OC and BMI were significant determinants for speed of sound, age was a significant determinant for broadband ultrasound attenuation, although each US parameter can be explained by factors of approximately only 26–33%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900364
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in Levels of Biochemical Markers and Ultrasound Indices of Os Calcis Across the Menopausal Transition (2000)
    Springer
    Osteoporosis international 11 (2000), S. 128-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Keywords: Key words:Biochemical markers – Bone resorption – Longitudinal study – Menopause – Ultrasound
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate the changes in the levels of biochemical markers and ultrasound indices of os calcis across the menopausal transition. One hundred and ten healthy women (age 35–59 years at the 1992 baseline) participated in this 4-year population-based longitudinal study. Serum intact osteocalcin (IOC), urinary pyridinoline (Pyr), urinary deoxypyridinoline (Dpyr) and ultrasound indices were measured at baseline and after 4 years. The percentage changes in biochemical markers (%DIOC, %DPyr and %DDpyr) and the percentage decreases in the ultrasound indices (%DSOS, %DBUA and %DStiffness) were calculated. The values of %DIOC and %DDpyr in the perimenopausal subgroup (−4 to−3 years since menopause) and the values of %DSOS and %DStiffness in the perimenopausal subgroup (−2 to 0 years since menopause) were significantly higher than those in other groups. Pyr was significantly correlated with %DSOS (r=−0.467, p〈0.01) and %DStiffness (r = −0.330, p〈0.05) and Dpyr was significantly correlated with %DSOS (r=−0.390, p〈0.05), %DBUA (r=−0.353, p〈0.05) and %DStiffness (r = −0.454, p〈0.05), while %DIOC was significantly correlated with %DSOS (r=−0.278, p〈0.05), %DBUA (r=−0.369, p〈0.01) and %DStiffness (r = −0.383, p〈0.01) in the peri- and postmenopausal groups. These results indicate that the increase in bone turnover occurs 4 years before menopause. However, the correlations between biochemical markers and ultrasound indices were too low to allow prediction of bone change in the individual patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001980050016
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