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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification, characterization, and primary structure of a chitinase from Pseudomonas sp. YHS-A2 (2000)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 54 (2000), S. 397-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A chitinase gene (chiA) from Pseudomonas sp. YHS-A2 was cloned into Escherichia coli using pUC19. The nucleotide sequence determination revealed a single open reading frame of chiA comprised of 1902 nucleotide base pairs and 633 deduced amino acids with a molecular weight of 67,452 Da. Amino acid sequence alignment showed that ChiA contains two putative chitin-binding domains and a single catalytic domain. Two proline-threonine repeat regions, which are linkers between catalytic and substrate-binding domains in some cellulases and xylanases, were also found. From E. coli, ChiA was purified 12.8-fold relative to the periplasmic fraction. The Michaelis constant and maximum initial velocity for p-nitrophenyl-N,N′-diacetylchitobiose were 1.06 mM and 44.4 μmol/h per mg protein, respectively. The purified ChiA binds not only to colloidal chitin but also to other substrates (avicel, chitosan, and xylan), but the binding affinity of avicel, chitosan, and xylan is around 10 times lower than that of colloidal chitin. The reaction of ChiA with colloidal chitin and chitooligosaccharides (trimer-hexamer) produced an end product of N,N′-diacetylchitobiose, indicating that ChiA is a chitobiosidase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530000408
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effect of Exogenous Hormone Treatment on Spermiation in Rhynchocypris oxycephalus (Sauvage and Dabry) (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 33 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-7345
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: For the evaluation of hormonal control of spermiation in fish, a method to quanify the spermiation response of mature Rhynchocypris oxycephalus (Sauvage and Dabry) to hormonal therapy is described. Spermatocrit was determined after 7 min centrifugation at 18,000 ±g and sperm density was estimated by a standard hemocytomer method. Sperm density can be predicted from spermatocrit since their relationship is linear as described by the regression equation, Y = 3.68X - 27.18 (R2= 0.82, N= 50). where Y is spermatocrit and × is sperm density. Milt production by mature R. oxycephalus was highest at 24 h after injection of 1,000 IU human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and 50 μg luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue (LHRHa) per kg body weight. Increased milt production coincided with low spermatocrit and sperm density levels. These results demonstrate that spermiation in mature R. oxycephalus can be reliably evaluated by a spermatocrit method and that HCG and LHRHa are effective in stimulating of spermiation in this species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2002.tb00029.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Femtosecond wave mixing experiments in ZnCdSe/ZnSe quantum wells (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 1534-1536 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Extreme high order nonlinear diffracted signals are found in ZnCdSe/ZnSe quantum wells in two beam, self-diffraction geometry. Diffracted signals of all observed orders are shown to originate predominantly from excitonic resonances. Using four-wave mixing, an indication of hole-longitudinal optical phonon scattering between the heavy and the light hole states is found, and exciton-phonon interaction is studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.112034
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of exposure to electromagnetic field on the cardiovascular system (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Autonomic & autacoid pharmacology 25 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1474-8673
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: 1 We examined whether extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) affect the basal level of cardiovascular parameters and influence of drugs acting on the sympathetic nervous system. 2 Male rats were exposed to sham control and EMF (60 Hz, 20 G) for 1 (MF-1) or 5 days (MF-5). We evaluated the alterations of blood pressure (BP), pulse pressure (PP), heart rate (HR), and the PR interval, QRS interval and QT interval on the electrocardiogram and dysrhythmic ratio in basal level and dysrhythmia induced by β-adrenoceptor agonists. 3 In terms of the basal levels, there were no statistically significant differences among control, MF-1 and MF-5 in PR interval, QRS interval, mean BP, HR and PP. However, the QT interval, representing ventricular repolarization, was significantly reduced by MF-1 (P 〈 0.05). 4 (−)-Dobutamine (β1-adrenoceptor-selective agonist)-induced tachycardia was significantly suppressed by ELF-EMF exposure in MF-1 for the increase in HR (ΔHR), the decrease in QRS interval (ΔQRS) and the decrease in QT (ΔQT) interval. Adrenaline (nonselective β-receptor agonist)-induced dysrhythmia was also significantly suppressed by ELF-EMF in MF-1 for the number of missing beats, the dysrhythmic ratio, and the increase in BP and PP. 5 These results indicated that 1-day exposure to ELF-EMF (60 Hz, 20 G) could suppress the increase in HR by affecting ventricular repolarization and may have a down-regulatory effect on responses of the cardiovascular system induced by sympathetic agonists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-8673.2004.00328.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Significance of high-risk human papillomavirus detection by polymerase chain reaction in primary cervical cancer screening (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cytopathology 12 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2303
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Significance of high-risk human papillomavirus detection by polymerase chain reaction in primary cervical cancer screening The purposes of this study were to evaluate the incidence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and to assess its diagnostic usefulness in primary cervical screening. PCR testing for HPV type 16, 18, 31 and 33 was performed on 1305 specimens obtained during routine cervical cancer screening. We analysed the concurrent cervical smears and biopsy, and correlated them with the HPV infection status. We also evaluated histologically-proven cases with ASCUS smears according to HPV infection. HPV DNA was identified in eight (0.7%) of 1144 cytologically normal patients; nine (10.5%) of 86 ASCUS; seven (25.0%) of 28 LSIL; 26 (78.8%) of 33 HSIL; and in all of three squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). HPV positivity was significantly associated with cytohistological diagnosis for HSIL of more. In addition, HPV-positive ASCUS cases were found to be associated with histological abnormality rather than HPV-negative. The results indicate that high-risk HPV testing by PCR could be a useful adjunct tool for Pap smear in primary cervical screening. The combination of Pap smear and high-risk HPV testing by PCR might reduce unnecessary colposcopy-guided biopsy of women with cytological diagnosis of ASCUS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2303.2001.00302.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of submucosal gastric carcinoma with lymph node metastatic disease (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 46 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim : To study the correlation between lymph node metastatic disease and various pathological parameters. Lymph node metastasis is the most important factor in determining the prognosis of patients with early gastric cancer and is significantly associated with the submucosal invasion of neoplastic cells. However, the depth of submucosal layer as well as the depth of submucosal tumour invasion varies among different cases.Methods and results : We studied various pathological parameters including the macroscopic appearance, location, size, area, differentiation, invasion depth, vascularity and fibrosis of submucosal gastric carcinomas (SMGC), using 248 age- and sex-matched tissue samples. The presence of lymphatic emboli, a larger area, greater size, a non-flat gross type and an increased vascularity of the tumour were significantly associated with node-positive SMGC. Among the three depth-related parameters, the ocular scale measurement, the sm3 method and the sm2 method, only the ocular scale measurement showed a significant correlation with node-positive SMGC. Using multivariate analysis, the incidence of lymph node metastasis increased in the lymphatic tumour emboli and in the tumours that invaded more than half of the submucosal layer.Conclusions : These histological indicators seem to be a feasible and easy way to predict lymph node metastatic disease from limited surgery specimens. Pathologists should carefully investigate the lymphatic invasion of tumour cells and measure the invasion depth of the tumour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.2005.02049.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling herbicide dose and weed density effects on crop:weed competition (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    Weed research 42 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The effects of a range of herbicide doses on crop:weed competition were investigated by measuring crop yield and weed seed production. Weed competitivity of wheat was greater in cv. Spark than in cv. Avalon, and decreased with increasing herbicide dose, being well described by the standard dose–response curve. A combined model was then developed by incorporating the standard dose–response curve into the rectangular hyperbola competition model to describe the effects of plant density of a model weed, Brassica napus L., and a herbicide, metsulfuron-methyl, on crop yield and weed seed production. The model developed in this study was used to describe crop yield and weed seed production, and to estimate the herbicide dose required to restrict crop yield loss caused by weeds and weed seed production to an acceptable level. At the acceptable yield loss of 5% and the weed density of 200 B. napus plants m–2, the model recommends 0.9 g a.i. metsulfuron-methyl ha–1 in Avalon and 2.0 g a.i. in Spark.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3180.2002.00253.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SELECTIVITY OF 2,3,5-TRICHLORO-4-PYRIDINOL AS A HERBICIDE FOR DIRECT-SEEDED, FLOODED RICE (1968)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 8 (1968), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary. Field and glasshouse experiments demonstrated (hat 2,3,5-trichloro-4- pyridinol (pyriclor) at 50–500 g/ha controls Echinochloa crusgalli in direct-seeded rice. It prevented germination and restricted growth of the weed under both static and percolating water conditions, but allowed rice to germinate and grow normally. Pyriclor was most effective when applied early; treated plots gave higher yields than those hand-weeded or sprayed with propanil. Grass weed control was as effective as that given by molinate or nitrofen at much higher rates. Dichlobenil inhibited rice germination, was toxic to young seedlings, and is therefore unsuitable for direct-seeded rice. Molinate had a wider range of latitude in time of application than the other chemicals tested. Glasshouse experiments indicated that pyriclor moves down in percolating water but is adsorbed more readily in fine than in coarse-textured soils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1968.tb01419.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of piezoelectric field and tunneling times in strongly biased InGaN/GaN quantum wells (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 1130-1132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have measured both spectrum- and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) of InGaN/GaN light-emitting diode structure as a function of an external bias. From spectrum-resolved PL, we observed regions of blueshift and redshift in peak PL energies. From the bias point at which redshift begins, which we attribute to the inversion of electric field due to full compensation of the piezoelectric field (PEF), we estimate PEF to be 2.1±0.2 MV/cm. From time-resolved PL, we found the carrier lifetimes to drastically decrease (2.5 ns–2 ps) with increasing reverse bias. We attribute this decrease to escape tunneling through tilted barriers. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1396315
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tunable terahertz generation using femtosecond pulse shaping (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 81 (2002), S. 13-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Femtosecond pulse shaping and photomixing methods are combined to make a tunable terahertz source. Grating-pair pulse shaper selects two main frequency components to produce pulses that are modulated with a period which is inversely proportional to the frequency separation. The shaped pulse is then photomixed in semi-insulating GaAs under external bias. Terahertz (THz) emission frequency follows the modulation frequency of the excitation pulses, from 0.5 to 3 THz. Contrary to cw photomixing, this method can easily be combined with electro-optic and photoconductive sampling detection methods. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1490140
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