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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulochrin inhibits eosinophil activation and chemotaxis (1998)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 47 (1998), S. 409-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Sulochrin — Eosinophil — Inhibitor — Degranulation — Chemotaxis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective: Because eosinophils likely play important roles in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases, specific inhibitors of eosinophils may be desirable to treat such diseases. To evaluate the capacity of a novel compound, sulochrin, as an inhibitor of eosinophilic inflammation, we examined the effects of this compound on various effector functions of eosinophils.¶Materials and methods: We examined the effects of sulochrin on degranulation of human eosinophils stimulated with platelet-activating factor (PAF) or Sepharose 4B beads coated with secretory IgA (sIgA) or IgG. The effects of sulochrin on other effector functions of human eosinophils, including superoxide anion (O− 2) production, leukotriene (LT) C4 release, and interleukin (IL)-8 production induced by sIgA-beads were also studied. Finally, using PAF and LTB4 as chemoattractants, we evaluated the potency of sulochrin to inhibit eosinophil migration in vitro and in vivo.¶Results: Sulochrin inhibited EDN release by eosinophils stimulated with sIgA-beads, IgG-beads and PAF in a concentration-dependent manner; IC50 values were 0.75 μM, 0.30 μM and 0.03 μM. Eosinophil O− 2 production, LTC4 release, and IL-8 production were also inhibited by sulochrin. Furthermore, PAF-induced chemotaxis of human eosinophils and LTB4-induced chemotaxis of guinea pig eosinophils were abolished by 1 μM of sulochrin. Finally, sulochrin potently inhibited LTB4-induced infiltration of eosinophils into the skin of guinea-pig in vivo.¶Conclusions: These results suggest that sulochrin is a potent inhibitor of various effector functions of eosinophils. Sulochrin and its derivatives may be useful in the development of therapeutic approaches for patients with allergic diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050352
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insulin acting as a modulator of feeding through the hypothalamus (1981)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 20 (1981), S. 290-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Brain insulin ; brain insulin binding sites ; ventromedial hypothalamus ; lateral hypothalamus glucoreceptor neuron ; glucose-sensitive neuron ; pancreatic vagal nerve ; pancreatic splanchnic nerve ; insulin secretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To understand the functional role of insulin in the control of feeding, biochemical and physiological studies were performed in the rat. 1) Insulin content in the brain was much higher than that in the blood, and was extremely variable from animal to animal. 2) Specific binding sites of insulin in the brain were most abundant in the hypothalamus and olfactory bulb. 3) Neither insulin content nor binding sites in the brain was significantly affected by peripheral insulin concentration. 4) Activity of glucoreceptor neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) was facilitated by simultaneous application of insulin and glucose, but inhibited by insulin alone. 5) Activity of the glucose-sensitive neurons in the lateral hypothalamus (LHA) was facilitated by insulin in a dose-dependent manner. 6) Stimulation of the ventral part of the LHA accelerated pancreatic vagal nerve activity. Stimulation of the dorsal part of the LHA and the VMH was inhibitory. 7) Pancreatic splanchnic nerve activity during LHA stimulation tended to show inhibition, but sometimes was modulated by the stimulus frequency. Both inhibition and facilitation were observed in the activity in response to VMH stimulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00254495
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Angle and speed distributions of hydrogen desorbing thermally from metal surfaces (1990)
    Springer
    Applied physics 50 (1990), S. 551-564 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 68.10.Jy ; 68.45.Da ; 82.20.Kh
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A quantum theoretical treatment of the angle and speed distributions of recombinatively desorbing hydrogen from metal surfaces is proposed. The desorption rate is discussed in the framework of the transition state theory. The recombinative reaction process of hydrogen due to thermal activation leads to the formation of an activated complex in the transition state. In the vicinity of a saddle point on a three-dimensional potential energy surface, the translational motion of the activated complex in the direction perpendicular to the metal surface is accompanied by its center-of-mass vibrational motion parallel to the metal surface. In order to carry out the quantum mechanical calculation, the potential surface is replaced by a simplified model potential, which provides a square potential barrier along the surface normal. It is shown that, on leaving the potential barrier, the activated complex is reflected by the boundary of the potential barrier with a certain probability and, at the same time, the center-of-mass modes of vibration with frequencies v 1 ≠ and v 2 ≠ are coupled with the translational motion along the surface normal. Vibrational wave functions in the momentum representation are used to calculate the transmission coefficient, which is incorporated into the conventional rate formula. The angle-dependent speed distributions of desorbing molecules are derived from the rate formula.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00323447
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical responses recorded after local stimulation in rat neostriatal slice preparations: effects of GABA and glutamate antagonists, and dopamine agonists (1995)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 106 (1995), S. 187-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Optical response ; Neostriatal slice ; GABA ; Glutamate ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Effects of GABA and glutamate antagonists as well as dopamine agonists and antagonists on the optical responses of neostriatal (Str) slices to local electrical stimulation were examined using a voltage-sensitive dye and a high-speed image sensor. A single local stimulation applied to the Str slices evoked optical responses lasting for 40–80 ms and propagating in every direction up to about 1.5 mm. Bath application of bicuculline methiodide increased the intensity and duration of optical responses, while their spatial response patterns were unchanged. Bath application of 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) greatly reduced the late part of responses occurring about 4 ms after stimulation, but the early part of responses was unaffected by CNQX. The early part of the response was eliminated by application of tetrodotoxin. Bath application of N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists, 3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)-propyl-1-phosphonic acid and 2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid resulted in only small changes in the optical responses. Bath application of D1 agonist 6-chloro-7,8-dihydroxy-3-allyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5,-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine hydrobromide consistently increased the intensity but decreased the speed of propagation and duration of the optical reponse. Bath application of D2 agonist quinpirole had no effect on the optical response. D1 antagonist SCH 23390 and D2antagonist sulpiride also failed to change optical responses. These results indicate that the early part of the reponse is due to direct activation of the neuronal elements by electrical stimulation, while the late part of the response is due mainly to glutamatergic ex-citatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) mediated by α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA)/kainate receptors. This study also suggests that dopamine may modulate AMPA/kainate responses through D1 receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00241114
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regenerative potentials in rat neostriatal neurons in an in vitro slice preparation (1985)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 60 (1985), S. 63-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Regenerative potentials ; Rat striatal neurons ; Slice preparations ; Intracellular study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Regenerative potentials in rat neostriatal neurons were studied using the in vitro slice preparation. Some of the recorded neurons were intracellularly labeled with HRP. All had the morphological characteristics of the medium spiny neuron. 2. Application of TTX (10−5 g/ml) to the superfusing medium abolished fast action potentials generated by intracellularly injected depolarizing current. Application of TEA prolonged the spike duration by decreasing its repolarizing rate without affecting rising phase. After suppression of K-conductance by TEA, depolarizing current elicited both fast and slow all or none action potentials. 3. Combined treatment with TTX and TEA revealed two types of depolarizing potentials, a slowly rising graded depolarizing potential and slow action potential. Substitution of Ca++ with Mg++ in the medium diminished the amplitude of these potentials. They were also blocked by application of Co++ into the superfusion medium. The duration of slow action potentials were increased (1) with increase in the intensity of current pulse, (2) with decrease in the resting membrane potential, and (3) with increase in the concentration of TEA in the bathing medium. 4. In the normal Ringer solution, local stimulation elicited depolarizing postsynaptic responses (DPSPs). Large DPSPs evoked by strong local stimulation triggered one or two fast action potentials. In some neurons, large DPSPs could trigger both fast and slow action potentials. They were consistently triggered after application of TEA (1 mM) to the medium. 5. When a relatively high concentration of TEA (4 mM) was applied to the Ringer solution, locally evoked DPSPs could trigger only slow action potentials. In double stimulation experiments, a large reduction in the amplitude and the duration of test DPSPs was observed up to about 150 ms interstimulus interval.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237019
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Active membrane properties of rat neostriatal neurons in an in vitro slice preparation (1985)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 60 (1985), S. 54-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Membrane properties ; Rat neostriatal neurons ; Slice preparations ; Intracellular study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The active membrane properties of rat neostriatal neurons have been studied in an in vitro slice preparation. All the neurons examined had resting membrane potentials of more than 50 mV and generated action potentials with amplitudes exceeding 70 mV. The morphological characteristics of the neurons identified by intracellular labeling with HRP indicated that they were medium spiny neurons. 1. Depolarizing current injection through the recording microelectrode generated slow depolarizing potentials and repetitive action potentials with frequencies ranging from less than 10 Hz to over 300 Hz. Adaptation of action potentials was observed when long duration depolarizing current was injected. 2. Depolarizing current injections revealed that the membrane of the striatal neuron had an anomalous rectification when the membrane potential was depolarized to the resting potential. A possible bases for the anomalous rectification might involve inactivation of K-conductance and slow inward Ca- and/or Na-currents. 3. Local electrical stimulation evoked depolarizing postsynaptic potentials (DPSPs) followed by long-lasting small depolarizations. In a double stimulation test, a potentiation of the test DPSP was observed at interstimulus time interval of up to 80 ms. Post-tetanic potentiation of DPSPs was also seen in these neurons. 4. Tests utilizing depolarizing current injection, intracellular Cl− injection, and Cl-conductance blocking drugs indicated that the DPSPs were composed of EPSPs and overlapping IPSPs. 5. The nature of the longlasting small depolarization succeeding the DPSPs could not be conclusively determined. However, available data suggest that the slow inward Cacurrent may be responsible for this response. 6. In some neurons, antidromic responses were observed following local stimulation. Spike invasion into the somatic region was blocked by an injection of hyperpolarizing current to the neuron or by synaptic inputs evoked by conditioning local stimulation. These findings may explain the difficulties encountered by previous investigators in obtaining antidromic responses from neostriatal neurons in in vivo preparation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237018
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of dopamine agonists and antagonists on optical responses evoked in rat frontal cortex slices after stimulation of the subcortical white matter (1999)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 125 (1999), S. 383-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Dopamine ; Frontal cortex ; Optical recording
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Effects of dopamine agonists and antagonists on the optical response of frontal cortical slices to stimulation of the subcortical white matter were examined using a voltage-sensitive dye and a high-speed image sensor. In the slices treated with bicuculline, stimulation of the white matter evoked optical responses propagating to the overlaying cortex. Bath application of the D1 agonist, chloro-APB (1 µM), consistently decreased the intensity of the early part of the response but increased the duration of the response occurring at the superficial layers of the cortex. Application of the D1 antagonist, SCH 23390 (1 µM), resulted in a small increase in both the intensity and the duration of the response. Bath application of the D2 agonist, quinpirole (1–10 µM), reduced the response occurring after 10 ms from stimulation. The effects of chloro-APB and quinpirole were additive. Application of the D2 antagonist, eticlopride, did not cause a significant change in the response but effectively blocked the quinpirole effects. This study suggests that although both D1 and D2 agonists reduced the peak optical response evoked in the slices of the frontal cortex, the two agonists exerted different temporal and spatial effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002210050694
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical and dielectric properties of irradiated polypropylene and poly(ethylene terephthalate)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    International Journal of Radiation Applications & Instrumentation. Part C, 28 (1986), S. 393-397 
    Details
    ISSN: 1359-0197
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/1359-0197(86)90025-1
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of the mating factor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its truncated peptides: The structure-activity relationship
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 78 (1977), S. 534-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(77)90211-X
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amino acid substitution of mating factor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Structure-activity relationship
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 86 (1979), S. 982-987 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(79)90214-6
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