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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Protein lateral mobility ; Plasma membrane of brain cells ; Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching ; Concanavalin-A-receptors ; Concanavalin-A-fluorescein conjugate ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A new method has been developed for ex vivo preparation of brain cortical cells of BN/BiRijHsd rats to make them suitable for the measurement of the lateral diffusion coefficient of the membrane components by means of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP). The method involves chopping the brain cortex into pieces of less than 1 mm. These parts are stained with a fluorescent label (e.g., concanavalin-A-fluorescein, Con-A-FL conjugate) and then gently pressed onto a microscope slide using the coverslip. In the resulting specimen, the largest cells of the cortex can be recognized in phase-contrast image, sufficiently stained by the label and ready for the FRAP measurement. The lateral diffusion coefficient of Con-A-receptor proteins (D p) was measured in such brain cell preparations of 15 female rats in four age groups (5.6–31.8 months) and 11 males in three age groups (13.8–31.8 months). Highly significant negative, linear age correlation of D p (R=−0.9958 in females, and −0.9956 in males) were found, the regression equations being D p,=(8.8311–0.1425 X)−10 and D p█=(9.3240−0.1630 X)−10 cm2/s, respectively, where X is age in months. The data confirm that the lateral mobility of plasma membrane proteins represents an important biomarker of cellular aging in the brain cortical cells of BN/BiRijHsd rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 786 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 786 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Carbohydrates ; N-Sulfation ; O-Sulfation ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Crescentic glomerulonephritis leads to a rapid loss of renal function. Although glomerular crescents are rich in extracellular matrix (ECM), the composition and genesis of the ECM are incompletely understood. Heparan sulfate (HS) is a major ECM molecule and has polymeric structure of great variability. Recent findings that alterations in HS epitopes are associated with renal pathology prompted us to hypothesize that specific HS epitopes might be expressed in the evolution of crescents. We reviewed clinical records of 724 patients who underwent renal biopsy and found 21 patients with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Immunohistochemistry was performed using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against well-defined HS epitopes. One mAb was directed against unsaturated uronic acid residues generated during the selective removal of HS by heparitinase (a), and a further two different mAbs against N-sulfate-enriched and O-sulfate-poor portions of HS (b). Results showed that mAb (a) reacted to ECM of normal, sclerosed and crescentic glomeruli and that mAbs (b) reacted strongly to ECM of fibrocellular crescents but not to fibrous crescents, the periglomerular areas and noncrescentic intraglomerular areas. We concluded there are regional differences in HS epitope expression, although HS are ubiquitous components of glomerular ECM. N-sulfate-enriched and O-sulfate-poor portions of HS might play a role in crescent formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Marked accumulation in lung and liver of intravenously-injected 99mTc-microaggregated human serum albumin (liver imaging agent) was observed in rats pretreated with the subcutaneous injection of microaggregated or macroaggregated human serum albumin, whereas accumulation of 99mTc-microaggregated human serum albumin was observed only in the liver of rats pretreated with plain human serum albumin or in non-treated control rats. The activity of the intravenously-administered 99mTc-sulfur colloid was concentrated in the liver and spleen only and not in the lung, of rats previously treated with human serum albumin, microaggregated human serum albumin, or macroaggregated human serum albumin. These observations suggest that the specific accumulation of microaggregated human serum albumin in the lung of rats pretreated with aggregated albumin is due to rapid in vivo clumping of injected particles, possibly due to antigen-antibody reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: pancreatic duct occlusion ; cholecystokinin ; rat ; pancreas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The changes in plasma and duodenal cholecystokinin (CCK) concentrations after pancreatic duct occlusion were examined in rats. The rats were sacrificed 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, and 30 days after occlusion of the duct. Histological examination showed acute inflammation on days 1 and 3 after duct occlusion, interstitial fibrosis and regenerative changes on days 7, 10, and 14, and pancreatic atrophy on day 30. The plasma CCK concentration increased from 0.45 pM to 2.0 pM after the occlusion and then remained high throughout the observation period. In contrast to the stable increase in plasma CCK concentration, the CCK content in the duodenum increased on days 1 and 3, decreased on day 7, increased on day 10, reaching over the control level on day 14, and then returned to the control level on day 30. Administration of boiled and 10-fold concentrated rat pancreatic juice or human pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor for seven days after pancreatic duct occlusion reversed the decrease in duodenal CCK content. The major molecular forms of duodenal CCK were CCK-8, -33, and -58. These results indicate that (1) basal plasma CCK concentration did not reflect the duodenal CCK content, (2) duodenal CCK content was well correlated with a decrease in inflammation in the pancreas, and (3) a nonenzymatic component in the pancreatic juice reversed the decrease in duodenal CCK content and body weight caused by pancreatic duct occlusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: bile ; pancreatic secretion ; CCK
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Pancreatic exocrine secretion in conscious rats is regulated by intraluminal bile and/or pancreatic juice. Exclusion of bile and/or pancreatic juice from the intestinal lumen caused cholecystokinin (CCK) release and stimulated pancreatic secretion. CCK in the plasma is mainly derived from endocrine cells in the proximal small intestinal mucosa. We examined the changes in CCK concentrations in the intestinal mucosa and compared them to those of plasma CCK concentrations and the changes of luminal trypsin activities after bile and/or pancreatic juice diversion in conscious rats. Rats with bile and pancreatic fistulae were used. Each treatment of bile, pancreatic juice, and bile-pancreatic juice diversion decreased luminal trypsin activity and increased plasma and intestinal CCK concentrations. The potency of the stimulatory effect on plasma and intestinal CCK concentrations was bilepancreatic juice diversion〉pancreatic juice diversion≧bile diversion. Neither plasma CCK concentration nor intestinal CCK concentration was in inverse proportion to trypsin activity. The plasma CCK concentration did not parallel intestinal CCK concentration. Intravenous infusion of CCK-8 (300 pmol/kg/hr) did not increase CCK concentration in the intestinal mucosa. It was proposed that bile and/or pancreatic juice in the intestinal lumen regulated CCK concentrations not only in the plasma but also in the intestinal mucosa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: pancreatic polypeptide ; luminal feedback ; rat ; pancreas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The possibility of the involvement of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) release in luminal feedback regulation in the conscious rat was examined. Pancreatic secretion in the intestinal phase in the rat is regulated by negative feedback control so that a decrease in luminal protease activities produced by a diversion of bile-pancreatic juice (BPJ) from the intestine stimulates pancreatic secretion. Plasma concentration of rat PP and the effect of exogenous infusion of rat PP on pancreatic secretions during BPJ diversion were determined. Plasma PP concentration significantly increased with BPJ diversion and peaked at 90 min after BPJ diversion began, almost paralleling changes in protein output. Exogenous PP infusion (1, 2, and 10 Μg/kg/hr) inhibited pancreatic protein and fluid outputs but not the bicarbonate output during BPJ diversion. PP was shown to be physiologically released in the intestinal phase of pancreatic secretion; however, the physiological role of endogenous PP remains unknown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 34 (1989), S. 841-848 
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: rat pancreas ; aging ; exocrine function
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Basal pancreatic exocrine functions as well as responses to endogenous (BPJ diversion) and exogenous (injection of CCK-8 or secretin) stimulations were examined in young (6- and 12-month-old) and old (24- to 26-month old) female Fischer 344 rats. Basal secretions were not significantly different between young and old rats. BPJ diversion significantly stimulated pancreatic secretions of fluid, bicarbonate, and protein in all animals. The pancreatic protein response (mg/kg/hr) to BPJ diversion was significantly attenuated with respect to age [57.59±16.16, 43.73±6.94, and 20.75±3.95, for 6-, 12-, 24- to 26- month-old rats, respectively, mean ±se, F(2,20)=3.49, P 〈 0.05]. The pancreatic responses to secretin (0.086, 0.432, and 1.728 nmol/kg) were not significantly different between young and old rats. Intravenous injection of CCK-8 (0.033, 0.167, and 0.667 nmol/kg) produced a significant increase in protein output in all age groups. In young animals, stepwise increases in protein output were observed, whereas, in old rats, increments in response to the larger two doses of CCK-8 (0.167 and 0.667 nmol) were smaller than that produced by 0.033 nmol/kg of CCK-8. In conclusion, the basal secretions in old rats were comparable with those in young ones, but the reserve capacity for protein secretion appears to decrease in old compared to young rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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