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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 41 (1969), S. 667-668 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 41 (1969), S. 682-682 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 155 (1999), S. 575-607 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Key words: Earthquakes, friction, threshold systems, stochastic resonance, nonequilibrium systems, driven dissipative systems.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract —Understanding the physics of earthquakes and the space-time patterns they produce is illuminated by the use of coarse-grained models and simulations that capture the basic physical processes, and that are amenable to analysis. We present a summary of ideas that describe the nucleation, growth, and arrest of earthquakes on individual faults. Under shear loading, we find that faults reside in a metastable state near a classical spinodal that governs the nucleation and growth of slip events. The roughness of an associated stress distribution field Σ(x, t) determines whether slip events are confined within the initial high stress patch, or break away and grow to become very large. We find a critical value of roughness that is associated with a first-order, "order–disorder" transition. We also give a number of predictions, examples and applications of these ideas, and indicate how they might be tested through systematic observational programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words Sea urchins embryos ; β-Catenin ; Tcf/Lef ; Cell fate determination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Members of the Tcf/Lef family interact with β-catenin to activate programs of gene expression during development. Recently β-catenin was shown to be essential for establishing cell fate along the animal-vegetal axis of the sea urchin embryo. To examine the role of Tcf/Lef in sea urchins we cloned a Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Tcf/Lef homolog. Expression of SpTcf/Lef was maximal when β-catenin became localized to nuclei of vegetal blastomeres, consistent with its acting in combination with β-catenin to specify vegetal cell fates. Expression of a dominant-negative SpTcf/Lef inhibited primary and secondary mesenchyma, endoderm, and aboral ectoderm formation in a manner similar to that observed when nuclear accumulation of β-catenin was prevented. Our results suggest that SpTcf/Lef functions by interacting with β-catenin to specify cell fates along the sea urchin animal-vegetal axis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 157 (2000), S. 2165-2182 
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Key Words: Seismicity, spinodal, critical-point phenomena, characteristic earthquake, Benioff strain.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract —In this paper we relate the behavior of seismicity prior to a characteristic earthquake to the excitation in proximity to a spinodal instability. We illustrate the spinodal instability as the upper limit of superheated water prior to a steam explosion. We draw an analogy between the steam explosion and a characteristic earthquake, and show that the power-law activation associated with the spinodal instability is essentially identical to the power-law increase in Benioff strain observed prior to characteristic earthquakes. We find that theory and actual data give very similar results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Lung 85 (1934), S. 116-138 
    ISSN: 1432-1750
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Geo-marine letters 4 (1984), S. 153-155 
    ISSN: 1432-1157
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Three data sets of suspensate concentrations, collected under different sampling plans, were analyzed to develop a minimal sampling period, consistent with a predetermined precision. Individual samples collected during any part of a given day were within ±50% of the daily average. In the main channel of the estuary, a monthly sampling scheme closely approximated a weekly pattern; however, seasonal sampling was unsatisfactory. Outside the main channel, weekly, monthly, and seasonal sampling patterns did not differ greatly. Variability in suspensate concentrations must be considered when calculating sediment flux in estuarine and coastal waters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Propranolol; stereoselectivity ; chirality ; enantiomers ; isomers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: We recently reported a highly stereoselective increase in plasma concentrations of (S)-atenolol during exercise which is most likely due to a release of the drug from adrenergic cells. The objective of the present study was to investigate the influence of physical exercise on plasma concentrations of the (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of propranolol. Methods: Blood samples were taken immediately before and at the end of exercise in 12 patients receiving chronic treatment with racemic (R, S)-propranolol. Plasma concentrations of (R)- and (S)-propranolol were determined by HPLC. Results: In contrast to atenolol, mean plasma concentrations of (S)-propranolol were significantly higher (+20%) than those of (R)-propranolol at rest. During exercise there was an increase in plasma concentrations of both (R)-propranolol (+129%) and (S)-propranolol (+109%). Conclusion: Based on information from in vitro studies we conclude that the increase in plasma concentrations of (S)-propranolol during exercise is caused by a release of the drug from adrenergic nerves, whereas the reason for the increase in (R)-propranolol remains to be determined. This release of the β-adrenoceptor blocking (S)-enantiomer directly at the synaptic gaps might be one reason for the poor correlation between plasma concentration and effect of β-adrenoceptor antagonists repeatedly described in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 17 (1995), S. 1333-1337 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Time resolved optical spectroscopies and other ultrafast optical measurements in condensed matter ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary The cooling of photoexcited hot carriers in 2D, 1D and 0D systems is studied experimentally. In comparison with a theoretical carrier relaxation model which holds for 2D and 1D systems, it is found that preferably recombination and a weaker electron-LO-phonon interaction dominates the carrier dynamics with decreasing dimensionality. Consequently, we conclude a less dominant role of hotphonon effects in 0D and 1D systems compared to 2D systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 90 (1989), S. 1116-1127 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present a projection operator technique that yields hierarchies of integral equations satisfied exactly by the n-point connectedness functions in a continuum version of the site-bond percolation problem. The n-point connectedness functions carry the same structural information for a percolation problem as the n-point correlation functions do for a thermal problem. Our method extends the Potts model mapping of Fortuin and Kastelyn to the continuum. We use the projection operator technique to produce an integral equation hierarchy for percolation similar to the Born–Green thermal hierarchy. The Kirkwood superposition approximation (SA) is extended to percolation in order to close this hierarchy and yield a nonlinear integral equation for the two-point connectedness function. We discuss the fact that this function, in the SA, is the analytic continuation to negative density of the two-point correlation function in a corresponding thermal problem. The Born–Green–Yvon (BGY) equation for percolation is solved numerically, both by an expansion in powers of the density, and iteratively, using the modified Picard method. We argue, both analytically and numerically, that the BGY equation for percolation, unlike its thermal counterpart, shows nonclassical critical behavior, with η=1 and γ=2.2±0.2. Finally, we develop a sequence of refinements to the superposition approximation that can be used to give increasingly accurate calculations of the two-point connectedness function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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