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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of pineal research 37 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-079X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  An investigation of the antioxidative UV protective effect of melatonin was performed in an in vitro irradiation model with leukocytes. Leukocytes were isolated from EDTA-treated whole blood and taken up in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Five of 10 aliquots were incubated with 2 mmol/L melatonin and 5 with PBS as a control. The samples were irradiated by UV light (280–360 nm, max: 310 nm) at doses between 75 and 300 mJ/cm2 or left unirradiated. Radical formation was measured using the chemiluminescence technique. Staining with trypan blue was performed to assess cell viability. Melatonin significantly suppressed radical formation in cell solutions irradiated from 75 to 300 mJ/cm2 (P ≤ 0.001). Controls showed an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation as a sign of oxidative stress when irradiated with increasing UV doses and a maximum ROS formation under 300 mJ/cm2 UV light. The cytotoxicity of UV light was reduced by melatonin up to a UV dose of 1.5 J/cm2. Leukocytes were suitable cells for the evaluation of the efficacy of melatonin as a radical scavenger under UV light. The results confirm that the clinically observed UV protective effects of melatonin may be at least partially based on its radical scavenging properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of pineal research 31 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-079X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are presumed to be involved in inflammatory UV reactions of the skin. This in vitro study was performed to investigate the suppressive effect of melatonin in interleukin-3 (IL-3) stimulated leukocytes. Neutrophilic granulocytes were isolated from EDTA-treated whole blood and placed in a phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing IL-3. Cell suspensions were either treated with PBS (control) or with increasing doses of melatonin (0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7.5, 10 mmol). One PBS solution was left unirradiated and the other nine solutions (PBS and melatonin) were irradiated with 750 mJ/cm2 UVB light (280–360 nm, max: 310 nm). Radical formation was measured by the chemiluminescence technique. UV-irradiated leukocytes showed a 5-fold higher radical formation than unirradiated leukocytes. Melatonin, in increasing doses in powers of ten, led to a maximum suppression of free radicals at 10 nmol (P=0.01) and 1 mmol melatonin (P=0.001), showing a biphasic, non-linear, dose–response relationship. Melatonin, given in amounts of 0.1–10 mmol, led to a direct dose-dependent suppression of ROS. Radical formation was suppressed significantly in a range from 0.5 to 10 mmol (P=0.001). Melatonin is known to function as a radical scavenger and antioxidant; some of these melatonin effects may be receptor independent, while others may be receptor dependent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Progressive systemische Sklerodermie ; Extrakorporale Photopherese ; Immunologie ; Key words Progressive systemic sclerosis ; Extracorporeal photopheresis ; Immunology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The treatment of progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) is still unsatisfactory. We report on clinical, laboratory and immunological findings in 26 patients with PSS (6 males, 20 women) treated with extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) for 8 cycles in a nonrandomized, uncontrolled study. ECP was performed on two consecutive days once a month. 8-methoxypsoralen concentrations in plasma and buffy coat were monitored by HPLC. We performed a standardized examination programme and determined parameters of inflammation and immune function. Global assessment revieled a partial remission in 18 patients, a stable disease in 8 patients and a slight progression in one patient. In the peripheral blood count a significant increase of CD3-positive NK cells was noted (p=0.03) although the leukocyte count decreased from 2,255 to 1,156 cells/μl. There was a non-significant decrease of elastase (102.9 vs. 90.4 ng/ml), sulfidoleukotriens (2,255.4 vs. 1,688.9 pg/ml), ICAM-1 (301.9 vs. 276.6 ng/ml), soluble IL-2 receptor (609.0 vs. 422.3 U/ml), and IL-10 (164.7 vs. 138.7 pg/ml). IL-6 and IL-8 did not show significant changes. The ECP treatment of patients with PSS shows immunomodulatory effects changing levels of pro-inflammatory and cytokine substances. Even after 8 cycles partial remission or stable disease is seen in patients as shown by global assessment and certain clinical symptoms. On the other hand, sufficient data on the long-term outcome are still missing.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Behandlung der progressiven systemischen Sklerodermie (PSS) ist noch nicht befriedigend. Wir berichten in einer nichtrandomisierten, nichtkontrollierten Studie über klinische, laborchemische und immunologische Befunde im Verlauf der extrakorporalen Photopherese (ECP) über 8 Zyklen bei 26 Patienten mit PSS (6 Männer und 20 Frauen). Die Therapie erfolgte an zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Tagen einmal monatlich. Die 8-Methoxypsoralen-Spiegel wurden mittels HPLC in Plasma und „buffy coat” kontrolliert. Neben einem standardisierten Untersuchungsprogramm wurden Bestimmungen von Entzündungs- und Immunparametern vorgenommen. In der globalen Bewertung durch den Arzt wurde bei 18 Patienten eine partielle Remission, bei 8 eine Stabilisierung der Erkrankung und in einem Fall eine geringgradige Progression festgestellt. Im peripheren Blutbild konnte eine signifikante Zunahme von CD3-positiven NK-Zellen (p=0,03) bei Abnahme der Leukozytenzahl von 2255,4 auf 1156,2 Zellen/μl beobachtet werden. Es kam zu einer nichtsignifikanten Abnahme der Elastase (102,9 vs 90,4 ng/ml), der Sulfidoleukotriene (2255,4 vs. 1688,9 pg/ml), von ICAM-1 (301,9 vs. 276,6 ng/ml), löslichem IL-2-Rezeptor (609,0 vs. 422,3 U/ml) und IL-10 (164,7 vs. 138,7 pg/ml). IL-6 und IL-8 zeigten keine signifikanten Veränderungen. Die ECP-Therapie scheint immunmodulierende Effekte zu haben, wie Entzündungsparameter und zirkulierende Zytokin-Spiegel verdeutlichen. Bereits nach 8 Zyklen war eine partielle Remission und oder Stabilisierung des Krankheitsverlaufes in der globalen Bewertung sowie anhand einzelner klinischer Symptome festzustellen. Zu den langzeitigen Effekten der ECP fehlen bislang ausreichende Daten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Key words Malignant melanoma ; S100β protein ; Tumour markers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract S100 protein is well established as a diagnostic tool in malignant melanoma immunohistology. In this study we measured S100β in serum with a recently developed luminometric immunoassay with a detection limit of 0.02 μg/l. By measuring S-100β in a group of apparently healthy individuals a mean value of 0.031 ± 0.026 μg/l was found. In the reference group, serum S100β was below 0.12 μg/l in all cases. To assess the sensitivity of the assay we investigated serum S-100β levels in 371 serum samples of 315 patients with histological proven malignant melanoma at different disease stages. Staging was performed according to the German Society of Dermatology classification. Significant differences were observed between the control group and stages IIb (P = 0.01) and IV (P = 0.001). In tumour-bearing patients of stages IIIb and IV, the difference was highly significant (P 〈 0.0001). S100β 〉 0.20 μg/l helps to distinguish between tumour-free and tumour-bearing patients with a specificity of 97.0% and a sensitivity of 64.6%. Our results demonstrate the serum S100β is of limited value as a melanoma marker. However, it has clinical significance for identifying tumour-positive patients in advanced malignant melanoma stages III and IV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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