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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 129 (1969), S. 259-267 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Nerve endings ; Catecholamines ; Sympathetic nervous system ; Adipose tissue (brown) ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der aus braunem Fettgewebe bestehende Scapularfettkörper der Ratte wurde zum morphologischen Nachweis seiner sympathischen Innervation licht- und elektronen-mikroskopisch untersucht. Fluorescenzmikroskopisch fanden sich zerstreut zwischen den braunen Fettzellen feine Nervenvaricositäten mit catecholamin [noradrenalin]-spezifischer Fluorescenz, die im braunen Fettgewebe reserpinbehandelter Tiere nicht mehr beobachtet wurde. Keine Fluorescenz war im Cytoplasma der braunen Fettzellen nachweisbar. Bei der elektronenmikroskopischen Untersuchung nach KMnO4-Fixierung fand sich eine Anzahl kleiner granulärer Vesikel (Durchmesser ca. 500 Å) in feinen marklosen Axonen oder Präterminalen, die intercellulär vorkommen. Gelegentlich beobachteten wir, wie sich feine Nervenendigungen mit einer großen Zahl von solchen Vesikeln eng an die Oberflächeneindellung einer braunen Fettzelle anlegten, wobei nur ein Spaltraum von 200 Å ohne darinliegende Basalmembran freiblieb. Nach Reserpin verminderten sich die Elektronendichte der Granula in den Vesikeln. Auf Grund unserer morphologischen Befunde und unter Berücksichtigung physiologischer und biochemischer Daten folgern wir, daß das braune Fettgewebe von sympathischen Nerven innerviert wird.
    Notes: Summary Interscapular brown adipose tissue of the rat was examined by means of fluorescence and electron microscopy, in order to provide a conclusive morphological basis for the sympathetic innervation of this adipose tissue. Fluorescence microscopically, we observed scattered fine nerve varicosities between the brown fat cells showing catecholamine [noradrenaline]-specific fluorescence. Such a fluorescence was not observed in brown adipose tissue from reserpinized animals. No fluorescence could be detected in the cytoplasm of brown fat cells. Electron microscopically, after KMnO4 fixation, a number of small granular vesicles (about 500 Å in diameter) were found in the fine non-myelinated axons or preterminals partially covered by Schwann cells in the intercellular space. Occasionally, a small axon terminal containing a number of such granular vesicles was located in a depression on the surface of a brown fat cell. There was then only a cleft of 200 Å and no basement membrane. After treatment of the animals with reserpine, the electron density of granules in the vesicles decreased. From our morphological findings as well as from other physiological and biochemical data, we conclude that brown adipose tissue is innervated by sympathetic nerves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Respiratory distress syndrome ; Pulmonary surfactant ; Stable microbubble test ; Amniotic fluid ; Gastric aspirate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We determined prospectively if the stable microbubble (SM) test on gastric aspirate obtained at birth was as useful as that on amniotic fluid in predicting respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). One hundred and five paired samples of amniotic fluid obtained at delivery from 105 consecutive women with gestation of 35 weeks or less and gastric aspirates from their neonates obtained within 30 min of birth were studied. The SM test with the predefined cut-off value of less than 5 bubbles/mm2 for amniotic fluid and less than 10 bubbles/mm2 for gastric aspirate signified the risk of RDS with the positive predictive value of 100% and 96% and with the negative predictive value of 91% and 84%, respectively. We conclude that the SM test on both amniotic fluid and gastric aspirate obtained at birth is a rapid (〈10 min), simple and reliable procedure for predicting neonates who will develop RDS. It may be used as a bedside test to define a population of neonates with surfactant deficiency in clinical trials of prophylactic surfactant therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Respiratory distress syndrome ; Surfactant replacement ; Bronchopulmonary dysplasia ; Intraventricular haemorrhage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We conducted a prospective, randomized, controlled trial comparing the efficacy of two doses of a reconstituted bovine surfactant (Surfactant TA) in premature infants requiring mechanical ventilation shortly after birth for respiratory distress syndrome. Forty-six infants weighing 1000–1499 g were randomized into two groups: a low-dose group (23 infants given a single dose of 60 mg surfactant lipid/kg) and a high-dose group (23 infants given a single dose of 120 mg/kg). The mean (SD) age at which surfactant was given was 5.5 (±1.2) h in the low-dose group and 6.0 (±1.5) h in the high dose group. Both treatments improved oxygenation (increased arterial-alvcolar PO2 ratio) with decreased mean airway pressure, the high-dose surfactant having a more beneficial effect in prolonging the response. Infants in the high-dose group had significantly less (P〈0.05) incidence of both intraventricular haemorrhage and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. This prospective trial documents that a greater benefit can be obtained by increasing the dose of surfactant (120 mg/kg) beyond 60 mg/kg in the treatment of premature infants with severe respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Pulmonary surfactant  ;  Respiratory distress syndrome  ;  Tracheal aspirate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Surfactant proteins (SP-A and SP-BC), albumin (ALB), and stable microbubble (SM) count were measured in tracheal aspirates from infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) receiving single-dose Surfactant-TA (surfactant group, n = 32) or no surfactant (control group, n = 12), and those without RDS (non-RDS group, n = 8) to determine biochemical and biophysical status of surfactant in the course of RDS after surfactant replacement. Surfactant therapy resulted in immediate and sustained elevations of SP-BC/ALB and SM count with a rapid fall in ventilatory index to levels measured in the non-RDS group, whereas these indices improved slowly in the control group. The SP-A/ALB was initially low in both RDS groups and increased to levels measured in the non-RDS group by age 48 h. Multiple regression analysis showed that SP-BC/ALB, postnatal age, SM count, SM count/SP-A plus SP-BC, and surfactant therapy were independently associated with the severity of RDS as assessed by ventilatory index (r = 0.75, P 〈 0.0001; number of samples = 256). Infants with a relapse response to surfactant (n = 9) had levels of SP-A/ALB and SP-BC/ALB similar to those measured in the sustained group (n = 23), but had significantly lower SM count and SM count/SP-A plus SP-BC between 24 and 96 h of age. Conclusion Surfactant therapy normalizes the sur factant and respiratory status of infants with RDS. Surfactant dysfunction rather than depletion may explain the relapse response seen in some surfactant recipients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 2 (1983), S. 2034-2038 
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Photoluminescence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Riassunto Si sono fatte misurazioni degli spettri di fotoluminescenze e di eccitazione luminescenza di ZnSiP2 a 4.2 K e si sono ottenuti due risultati. Uno è l'osservazione di una nuova linea netta di emissione a 1.980 eV, dovuta all'eccitone legato associato col gap pseudodiretto. L'altro è l'osservazione di un'altra nuova serie di linee di assorbimento nello spettro di eccitazione di luminescenza di una linea di emissione a 1.984 eV, oltre a quelle riportate in precedenza. Questi risultati indicano che in ZnSiP2 si verificano transizioni radiative sia per gap indiretti che per gap pseudodiretti.
    Abstract: Резюме При 4.2 К проведены измерения спектров фотолюминесцендии и спектры возбуждения люминесценцией в ZnSiP2 и получено два результата. Один результат представляет наблюдение новой резкой линии излучения при 1.980 эВ. обусловленной связанным экситоном, ассоциированным с псевдопрямым интервалом. Второй результат предсталяет наблюдение новых линий поглошения в спектре возбуждения люминесценцией линии излучения при 1.984. эВ. Эти результаты указывают, что в ZnSiP2 радиационные переходы происходят при косвенных и псевдопрямых интервалах.
    Notes: Summary Measurements of photoluminescence and luminescence excitation spectra of ZnSiP2 have been performed at 4.2K and two results were obtained. One is the observation of a new sharp emission line at 1.980 eV, due to the bound exciton associated with the pseudodirect gap. The other is the observation of another new series of absorption lines in the luminescence excitation spectrum of an emission line, at 1.984 eV, in addition to those reported previously. These results indicate that in ZnSiP2 radiative transitions occur at both the indirect and the pseudodirect gaps.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0003-2697
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0378-4347
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 654 (1994), S. 213-219 
    ISSN: 0378-4347
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications 182 (1980), S. 171-177 
    ISSN: 0378-4347
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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