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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In-use tolerability of two new syndet bars with sodium cocoyl isethionate, disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate and wheat starch as major ingredients in differing relations: results of a cross-over trial (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 14 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In a cross-over trial two different new syndet bars differing in their content of sodium cocoyl isethionate, disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate and wheat starch as major components were compared in the cleansing of hand skin of 72 healthy volunteers. The preparation designated ‘T’containing a higher amount of wheat starch turned out to be less irritant as judged from the parameters itching and erythema (p 〈 0.05, Wilcoxon's test for matched pairs). The present trial design looks appropriate to differentiate the irritancy potential of two chemically similar syndet bar preparations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.1992.tb00060.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of skin cleansing preparation acidity on skin surface properties (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 13 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Two long-term trials were conducted each over eight weeks to compare the effect of the regular application of skin cleansing preparations of pH 5.5 and pH 8.5 and pH 5.5 and pH 7.0 respectively on the surface pH, roughness and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) of normal human forehead and forearm skin. Both trials were based on a cross-over design: five healthy volunteers started with a pH 5.5 preparation and switched to the other after four weeks, five additional volunteers used the preparations in the opposite order. While the skin surface pH was markedly lower in those individuals using the pH 5.5 preparation at each examination, as compared to those using the pH 8.5 or pH 7.0 preparation, no such difference could be established with respect to skin roughness and TEWL. Hence the skin irritancy of a cleansing preparation does not seem to be linked to its pH within the pH ranges tested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.1991.tb00552.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of iron limitation on protein composition and ultrastructure of Haemophilus ducreyi (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 68 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Protein profiles of whole cells of Haemophilusducreyi grown in the presence or absence of the iron chelator desferal, were compared by polycrylamide gel electrophoresis. Each of four strains produced novel proteins in the range 43–160 kDa when cultured under conditions of reduced iron availability. At some sub-inhibitory concentrations, desferal produced enhanced growth, possibly due to it functioning as an exogenous siderophore. Organisms grown under conditions of reduced iron availability ultrastructurally showed also large periplasmic spaces between cytoplasm and outer membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1990.tb04119.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of liposomes with human epidermis reconstructed in vitro (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 132 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Upon topical application of liposomes of the large unilamellar vesicle type to human epidermis reconstructed in vitro, there is a dose-dependent alteration of the morphology of both the stratum corneum and the living part of the epidermis. In particular. shrunken lipid droplets are found between corneocytes and keratinocytes, Sometimes, corneocytes show inclusions reminiscent of ‘cholesterol crystals’, Corneocytes, moreover, show a decreased density. Both corneocytes of the various layers of the stratum corneum and keratinocytes belonging to the uppermost layer of the living epidermis show particularly osmophilic membranes. indicating lipid transfer. Intact liposomes or their remnants can sometimes be seen between corneocytes of the upper strata, The presence of liposomal lipid within the stratum corneum is supported by the presence of gold particles used as a marker. There is, however, no evidence for the uptake of intact liposomes by the living epidermis, or their passage through this compartment of the skin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb08713.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Successful treatment of hydroxyethyl starch-induced pruritus with topical capsaicin (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 131 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We report a case of recalcitrant pruritus after infusion therapy with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) for sudden deafness. The diagnosis was confirmed by detection of typical HES storage vacuoles within dermal macrophages and perineural cells. Treatment with antihistamines and antipruritic agents, UVB irradiation, and neuroleptic drugs, was ineffective. Topical capsaicin (0.05%) twice daily produced excellent symptomatic relief, without side-effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb08529.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Invasion of human keratinocytes by Staphylococcus aureus and intracellular bacterial persistence represent haemolysin-independent virulence mechanisms that are followed by features of necrotic and apoptotic keratinocyte cell death (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 146 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Background Colonization of human skin by Staphylococcus aureus is a characteristic feature of several inflammatory skin diseases, which is often followed by tissue invasion and severe cell damage. A crucial role has been attributed to staphylococcal haemolysins in the cytotoxicity to epidermal structures. Objectives To investigate haemolysin-independent virulence to human keratinocytes. Methods The stable α-haemolysin, β-haemolysin double-negative S. aureus mutant DU 5720 was compared with the fully virulent parent strain 8325-4 and with its isogenic fibronectin-binding protein A/B-negative variant DU 5883 in an invasion model. Results This assay showed dose-dependent internalization of all the strains investigated by human HaCaT keratinocytes, with reduced internalization of DU 5883. Transmission electron microscopy revealed adhesion of staphylococci to cellular pilus-like extrusions, followed by the embedding of the bacteria in cellular grooves. Following attachment to the keratinocytes the staphylococci were engulfed into vesicles within the cytoplasm where some bacteria persisted for 24–48 h. Addition of cytochalasin D strongly reduced the bacterial uptake, suggesting an active keratinocyte process. Bacterial invasion was followed by severe keratinocyte cell damage showing the morphological changes of cytotoxic and, to a lesser extent, apoptotic cell death as determined by the trypan blue exclusion test and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labelling assay. The highest levels of lethal cytotoxicity were observed in haemolysin-producing strains, whereas the induction of apoptosis seemed to depend on internalization. Conclusions Staphylococcal invasion of human keratinocytes represents a potent staphylococcal virulence factor, which, independently of α- and β-haemolysins, leads to necrotic and apoptotic cell damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04752.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Allergie airborne contact dermatitis from essential oils used in aromatherapy (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 20 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Contact allergy to various essential oils used in aromatherapy was demonstrated on patch testing in a 53-year-old patient suffering from relapsing eczema resistant to therapy on various uncovered parts of the skin, in particular the scalp, neck and hands. Sensitization was due to previous exposure to lavender, jasmine and rosewood. Laurel, eucalyptus and pomerance also produced positive tests, although there was no hint of previous exposure. A diagnosis of allergic airborne-contact dermatitis was thus established. On topical and systemic glucocorticoid treatment (peroral methylprednisolone at an initial dose of 60 mg/day) the skin lesions eventually resolved. Due to persistence of the volatile essential oils in the patient's home after a year-long use of aroma lamps, complete renewal of the interior of the patient's flat was considered essential. Due to changing self-medication habits, with increasing orientation to ‘natural’ modes of treatment, increasing numbers of such sensitizations might be on the horizon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.1995.tb02719.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of atopic eczema with evening primrose oil: rationale and clinical results (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 70 (1992), S. 167-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Atopic eczema ; δ-6-Desaturase ; γLinolenic acid ; Prostaglandin E 1 ; Evening primrose oil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Recently a defect in the function of the enzyme delta-6-desaturase has been discussed as a major factor in the development of atopic eczema. Delta-6-desaturase is responsible for the conversion of linoleic acid to gamma linolenic acid. Several plants, including evening primrose, are known to be fairly rich in gamma linolenic acid. Hence, substitution of gamma linolenic acid in patients prone to developing atopic eczema seems like a feasible concept. During the last few years different clinical trials have been performed. Controlled trials following a parallel study design showed marked improvement in atopic eczema. Patients treated with the drug showed less inflammation, dryness, scaling and overall severity compared to controls. Although these findings have been supported by meta-analysis, there is still conflicting evidence in trials based on a crossover design alone, demonstrating a decrease in itching. At present, evening primrose oil in doses used for the treatment of atopic eczema is considered safe. However, still more trials addressing both efficacy and safety are needed to made a final decision.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227362
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