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  • 1
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The nerve fibres of largest diameter and of greatest length are considered to be the most vulnerable to triorthocresyl phosphate (TOCP). In this study, the differential vulnerability of the particular sciatic nerve branches was determined in the course of TOCP neuropathy and of Wallerian degeneration. The branch innervating the lateral gastrocnemius muscle, made up predominantly of large-diameter fibres, proved most susceptible to TOCP. By contrast, after proximal sciatic-nerve transection, degeneration commenced in the lateral nerve of the third digit, containing long nerve fibres of small diameter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Monomeric acrylamide was given to beagles in daily oral doses of 15 mg/kg for 22 days and at 5 mg/kg for 60 days. The animals of the high dose group developed neurological signs consistent with peripheral neuropathy. Electrophysiological measurements on the saphenous nerve revealed abnormal nervous function at the end of the treatment period. Conduction velocity was affected to the greatest extent, followed by absolute refractory period and chronaxy. At 30 days upon cessation of treatment conduction velocity and chronaxy were restored to normal but absolute refractory period remained pathological. At that time the first morphological changes of peripheral nerves were detected. Administration of the 5-mg/kg dose resulted in some disability of gait, lengthening of the absolute refractory period and, in half of the animals, in discrete morphological changes. By contrast, after the oral administration of clioquinol up to 200 mg-kg per day for a one-year period there were no signs of functional nor structural alterations of the nervous system. The beagle dog is considered to be a species well suited to reveal neurotoxicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 41 (1985), S. 464-465 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Beagle dog ; myelinated fibers ; optic fascicle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The composition of both optic fascicles of a Beagle dog was studied in topographically oriented, semithin transections of whole nerve stained with toluidine blue. About 165,000 myelinated fibers were present in each nerve, their maximum caliber reaching 11 μm; large, less densely arranged fibers occurred especially in the dorso-temporal region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 59 (1983), S. 63-69 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Aging rat ; Spinal root ; Secondary demyelination ; Neuronal dwindling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Temporal development of radicular demyelination was studied in male albino rats examined sequentially throughout the lifespan of the animals. The rats were perfusion-fixed with paraformaldehyde and glutaraldehyde and areas of their nervous system including the lumbar spinal roots, the spinal cord, and the peripheral sciatic nerve, were embedded in epoxy resin and submitted to microscopic examination in semithin and ultrathin sections. In addition, a vital fat stain, teasing of single nerve fibers, and estimates of axon diamter and fiber number were obtained. Degenerative changes occurred earlier in the distal portions of nerve fibers than in the spinal roots. The radicular lesion consisted of swelling of myelin and demyelination possibly secondary to shrinkage of axons, resulting in focal accumulation of lipid debris within the spinal roots of old rats. Although the causation of senile neuronal atrophy affecting rat peripheral neurons is not fully obvious, this condition may be exacerbated by such factors as pressure on the nerves and hypoactivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Intoxication ; Dog ; Clioquinol ; 2,5-hexanedione ; Distal axonopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The central distal axonopathy induced in dogs by the administration of high doses of clioquinol is contrasted with the central-peripheral distal axonopathy precipitated by intoxication with 2,5-hexanedione. Mature, pure-bred Beagle dogs received a daily oral dose of 400 mg/kg of clioquinol for up to 7 months, or 1 ml per animal (approximately corresponding to 110 mg/kg) of 2,5-hexanedione for up to 5 months. Intoxicated and control animals were killed and perfused at monthly intervals, so that the spatial-temporal development of the lesion could be followed and correlated with clinical symptoms. During the treatment, dogs intoxicated with 2,5-hexanedione developed symptoms of peripheral neuropathy consisting of flaccid weakness, muscle atrophy, hind-limb foot-drop and areflexia. By contrast, the dogs surviving clioquinol intoxication exhibited a stiff-legged gait, hyperreflexia but no muscle atrophy. Light and electron microscope examination of central and peripheral nervous tissue from dogs intoxicated with 2,5-hexanedione revealed giant axonal swelling and distal axonal degeneration. By contrast, dogs receiving clioquinol showed a distal axonal degeneration confined to the optic tract and the long spinal cord tracts, without any visible involvement of peripheral nerves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 43 (1978), S. 213-216 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Intrafusal muscle fibres ; Pyridoxine ; Neuropathy ; Muscle spindles ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Male albino rats treated with excessive amounts of pyridoxine developed an impairment of neuromuscular function. The equatorial region of the plantar lumbrical intrafusal muscle fibres was studied in the electron microscope and the calibre of the nerve fibres was determined in semi-thin sections of the posterior tibial nerves. Degeneration of the primary sensory endings coincided with the onset of ataxia, and in more advanced stages of the neuropathy as well as after a 2-month treatment-free period the equatorial region was denervated. There was a corresponding decrease in the number of large nerve fibres. It is considered essential that primary sensory endings of lumbrical muscle spindles should be included in studies of distally accentuated sensory neuropathies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 69 (1986), S. 168-170 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Schmidt-Lanterman incisures ; Wallerian degeneration ; Rat sciatic nerve ; Teased fiber ; Quantitative evaluation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The number of the Schmidt-Lanterman incisures and their intrasegmental distribution were studied at 36 h after transection of the rat sciatic nerve. Examination of teased, proximo-distally oriented, myelinated nerve fibers revealed no difference between the distal and the proximal stump. The results indicate that no proliferation of the incisures is required for the fiber fragmentation: numerous incisures are normally available in the midinternodal area where the degeneration begins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 10 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The distribution of ganglionic cells in the central area of the Beagle dog retina was studied by means of light microscopy in thirteen whole-mount preparations stained with cresyl violet. The central area was composed of two parts termed “the round central area” and the “horizontal streak”; in some specimens the former and in other the latter part was more prominent. The highest concentration of ganglionic cells occured in the round central area (about 7.100 cells/mm2). In other regions of the central area the cells were less numerous and the fewest number was found outside the central area. The size categories of ganglionic cells in the Beagle retina are comparable with those observed in other species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 49 (1975), S. 13-24 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Gross and microscopial morphological changes developing in female guinea-pigs after vaginal infection with HVH 2/Angelotti were studied. In the mucosa of the external genital tract there were inflammatory changes with formation of intra-epithelial vesicles, erosions and ulcerations. In the late stages of the infection signs of inflammatory dysplasia were also observed. The infection spread into the nervous system and produced characteristic inflammatory changes. The inflammation began as a bilateral posterior myelitis and ascended in the course of infection through the upper spinal-cord towards the brain-stem. The morphological changes were preceded by increased virus replication in the respective tissues and were correlated in time with clinical symptoms. The morphological changes seen at the site of inoculation in the external genital tract of the guinea-pig bore a certain resemblance to those seen in some cases of human infection with the same type of virus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 30 (1974), S. 37-38 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die mikrofluorimetrische Messung der spezifischen Katecholaminfluoreszenz von sympathischen Neuren im Ganglion cervicale superius der Ratte ergab eine reziproke Beziehung zwischen apparentem Noradrenalingehalt und Perikaryonvolumen. Der totale Katecholamingehalt der Neuren sowie die qualitativ erfasste Azetylcholinesterasektivität erschienen von der Zellgrösse unabhängig. Diese Beziehung war nach postganglionärer Axotomie verändert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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