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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Middle cerebral artery variations detected by magnetic resonance angiography (2000)
    Springer
    European radiology 10 (2000), S. 560-563 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Middle cerebral artery – Cerebral arterial variation – Magnetic resonance angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Middle cerebral artery (MCA) variations are found incidentally on cranial magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Our goal was to examine the incidence and types of MCA variations detected by MRA. Between April 1996 and March 1999, cranial MRA was performed in 432 cases at our institution. Most of the patients examined had or were suspected to have cerebrovascular disease. After excluding 7 patients with moyamoya disease, we retrospectively reviewed 425 MRA results. A 1.5-T scanner was used in all studies, and maximum-intensity projection images obtained using the three-dimensional time-of-flight technique were displayed stereoscopically. In the 425 patients MRA revealed 16 anomalous MCAs, including 9 duplicated MCAs, 5 accessory MCAs, and 2 fenestrated MCAs, which is a rate of 3.8 %. Thus, although the clinical significance is not great, we found a relatively high incidence of anomalous MCAs on MRA. We stress that knowledge and recognition of these variations are useful and important during the interpretation of cranial MRA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050960
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pontine venous congestion caused by dural carotid-cavernous fistula: report of two cases (1997)
    Springer
    European radiology 7 (1997), S. 405-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Carotid-cavernous fistula ; Pontine venous congestion-MRI ; Angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. This is a report of two patients in whom a pontine venous congestion occurred with a dural carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF), an extremely rare complication. This is the first such report. We underscore the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of dural CCFs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050175
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary: radiologic findings (1999)
    Springer
    European radiology 9 (1999), S. 1335-1338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Sclerosing stromal tumor ; MR imaging ; CT ; Dynamic study ; Ovarian tumor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Sclerosing stromal tumor is a rare ovarian neoplasm. We describe the radiologic findings of sclerosing stromal tumor in two patients. In both patients, MR and CT images showed a large mass in the left adnexal region. On dynamic contrast-enhanced images, the tumors showed early peripheral enhancement with centripetal progression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050844
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primary solitary amyloidoma of the lung: findings on CT and MRI (1997)
    Springer
    European radiology 7 (1997), S. 586-588 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Amyloidosis ; Lung ; Solitary ; Pulmonary amyloidoma ; MRI ; CT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Pulmonary amyloidoma is a rare disease which is usually found incidentally on chest radiographs in asymptomatic, elderly people. Amyloid nodules may be solitary or much more commonly multiple. There have been many reports of radiological findings of pulmonary amyloidosis; however, those have not been characteristic. We report the findings on CT and MRI of a proven primary pulmonary amyloidoma in an asymptomatic 76-year-old woman. The low intensity of the lesion on T2-weighted images may be useful in the differential diagnosis from bronchogenic carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050211
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CT and MRI of sellar spine with upward extension of the pituitary gland: case report (1997)
    Springer
    European radiology 7 (1997), S. 287-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Sella ; Developmental anomaly ; Pituitary abnormality ; CT ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. This is a report of CT and MRI findings in a patient with a sellar spine which caused deformity of the pituitary gland. The sellar spine is an infrequent anatomical variant characterized by an osseous spine which arises in the midline from the anterior aspect of the dorsum sellae and extends into the pituitary fossa. The CT and MRI findings of sellar spine have been described in previous reports; however, only one investigator reported deformity of the pituitary gland as revealed by CT. This is the first report of the MRI finding of the sellar spine associated with a deformity and superior extension of the pituitary gland, mimicking pituitary hypertrophy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050152
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spinal cord herniation: report of two cases and review of the literature (1997)
    Springer
    European radiology 7 (1997), S. 289-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Spinal cord ; Herniation ; Dural defect ; MR imaging ; CT myelography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Idiopathic herniation of the spinal cord is an extremely rare disorder which may cause progressive myelopathy. Two cases of this entity reported herein were both examined using MRI and CT myelography. The typical appearance of this disease with or without a dorsal intradural arachnoid cyst is focal ventral displacement of the mid-thoracic spinal cord, mimicking an isolated intradural spinal arachnoid cyst on MRI. CT myelography using thin slice sections is useful in the diagnosis of this disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050153
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endoscopic ultrasonography for demonstrating loss of multiple-layer pattern of the thickened gallbladder wall in the preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder cancer (1997)
    Springer
    European radiology 7 (1997), S. 1323-1327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Gallbladder wall ; Gallbladder cancer ; EUS ; Ultrasound
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the roles of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), conventional US, CT, and MRI in differential diagnosis of gallbladder wall thickening. We scrutinized images for the presence of the multiple-layer patterns of the thickened gallbladder walls during preoperative images (EUS, n = 22; US, n = 23; CT, n = 20; MRI, n = 15) and retrospectively correlated them with surgical results in 25 patients. The pathological diagnoses included 7 gallbladder cancers, 9 cases of chronic cholecystitis, 5 cases of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, and 4 cases of adenomyomatosis. Multiple-layer patterns of gallbladder wall were observed in patients with inflammatory and benign diseases by US, EUS, CT, and MRI. This pattern was demonstrated by EUS more efficiently compared with other means of imaging. All subjects with loss of multiple layers were finally diagnosed by use of EUS as having gallbladder cancer at surgery. Loss of multiple-layer patterns of the gallbladder wall demonstrated by EUS was the most specific finding in diagnosing gallbladder cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050296
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolism of carteolol by cDNA-expressed human cytochrome P450 (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 52 (1997), S. 479-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Carteolol ; CYP2D6; biotransformation ; 8-hydroxycarteolol ; cDNA-expressed microsomes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives: To determine human cytochrome P450 isoform(s) (CYPs) involved in the metabolism of carteolol, the biotransformation of the compound was investigated in vitro using ten isoforms of human cytochrome P450 expressed in human AHH-1 TK ± cell lines. In addition, the inhibitory effects of carteolol on the activities of important CYP isoforms, namely, CYP1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2E1, and 3A4, were examined. Results: Carteolol was metabolised to 8-hydroxycarteolol by CYP 2D6 with KM and Vmax values of 183 μmoles · l−1 and 26.09 pmol · min−1 · pmol−1 P450, respectively. CYP1A1, 1A2, 2A6, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2E1 and 3A4 were not involved in the metabolism of the compound. CYP2D6-mediated carteolol 8-hydroxylase activity was inhibited by quinidine, propranolol, nortriptyline, dextromethorphan, sparteine, bufuralol, and biperiden. Biperiden competitively inhibited the catalytic reaction with a Ki value of 0.45 μmoles · l−1. Carteolol did not affect the following catalytic reactions:␣CYP1A2-mediated (R)-warfarin 6-hydroxylation, CYP2C9-mediated tolbutamide methylhydroxylation, CYP2C19-mediated (S)-mephenytoin 4-hydroxylation, CYP2E1-mediated chlorzoxazone 6-hydroxylation, and CYP3A4-mediated testosterone 6β-hydroxylation. Conclusion: 8-Hydroxylation is the only cytochrome P450-catalyzed metabolic reaction of carteolol by its expressed microsomes, and CYP2D6 is the principal isoform of the enzyme involved in the catalytic reaction. Carteolol has neither stimulative nor inhibitory effects on CYP1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2E1, and 3A4 activities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050322
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Involvement of human cytochrome P450 3A4 in reduced haloperidol oxidation (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 54 (1998), S. 253-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Haloperidol ; CYP3A4
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The present study was conducted to identify in vitro the cytochrome P450(CYP) isoform involved in the metabolic conversion of reduced haloperidol to haloperidol using microsomes derived from human AHH-1 TK +/− cells expressing human cytochrome P450s. The inhibitory and/or stimulatory effects of reduced haloperidol or haloperidol on CYP2D6-catalyzed carteolol 8-hydroxylase activity were also investigated. Results: The CYP isoform involved in the oxidation of reduced haloperidol to haloperidol was CYP3A4. CYP1A1, 1A2, 2A6, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, and 2E1 were not involved in the oxidation. The kM value for the CYP3A4 expressed in the cells was 69.7 μmol · l−1, and the Vmax was 4.87 pmol · min−1 · pmol−1 P450. Troleandomycin, a relatively selective probe for CYP3A enzymes, inhibited the CYP3A4-mediated oxidation of reduced haloperidol in a dose-dependent manner. Quinidine and sparteine competitively inhibited the oxidative reaction with a ki value of 24.9 and 1390 μmol · l−1, respectively. Carteolol 8-hydroxylase activity, which is a selective reaction probe for CYP2D6 activity, was inhibited by reduced haloperidol with a ki value of 4.3 μmol · l−1. Haloperidol stimulated the CYP2D6-mediated carteolol 8-hydroxylase activity with an optimum concentration of 1 μmol · l−1, whereas higher concentrations of the compound (〉10 μmol · l−1) inhibited the hydroxylase activity. Conclusion: It was concluded that CYP3A4, not CYP2D6, is the principal isoform of cytochrome P450 involved in the metabolic conversion of reduced haloperidol to haloperidol. It was further found that reduced haloperidol is a substrate of CYP3A4 and an inhibitor of CYP2D6, and that haloperidol has both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on CYP2D6 activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050455
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of citrus juices with pranidipine, a new 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, in healthy subjects (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 54 (1998), S. 753-760 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Pranidipine ; Grapefruit juice/orange ; juice interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives: The study was conducted to investigate whether oral co-administration with citrus juices significantly affects the pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics of pranidipine, a new 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, in healthy male subjects. Grapefruit juice and orange juice, which were both commercially available, were used in this study. Methods: Sixteen healthy male Japanese subjects participated in this study and were divided into two groups for grapefruit juice and orange juice treatment. The study followed an open-labelled crossover design, comparing the effects of a single oral dose of 2 mg pranidipine taken together with 250 ml citrus juice or 250 ml water. Serum pharmacokinetics of pranidipine, adverse reactions, blood pressure, heart rate, 12-lead ECG, haematology, clinical chemistry and urinalysis were measured throughout the study. Results: For grapefruit juice, mean Cmax and AUC0–24 h were significantly higher than those of water (P = 0.0003 and 0.0005, respectively, ANOVA) with the ratios of log transformed values being 1.50 and 1.74, respectively. There were no differences in tmax and t½ between the juice and water treatments. A significant increase in heart rate (P = 0.0240, ANOVA with repeated measurements) was observed in the juice treatment whereas there were no significant differences in systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the two treatments. For orange juice, a small decrease in mean Cmax was observed compared with water (P = 0.0218, ANOVA) with the ratio being 0.86, but there was no significant difference in AUC0–24 h between the two treatments. No marked differences were observed in tmax and t½. Oral pranidipine administration with orange juice did not affect heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressures or other parameters for safety evaluation. Conclusions: Oral co-administration with grapefruit juice and pranidipine was associated with increased bioavailability and changed the pharmacodynamics of pranidipine, particularly with regard to heart rate. Orange juice intake with pranidipine did not markedly affect the pharmacokinetics and no clinically significant changes were observed in the pharmacodynamics and safety evaluation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050547
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