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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 163 (1977), S. 277-277 
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 163 (1977), S. 1-11 
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The synthetic disaccharides abequose $$1\mathop \to \limits_a 3$$ mannose and tyvelose $$1\mathop \to \limits_a 3$$ mannose, representative ofSalmonella O-antigen 4 and 9 respectively, were covalently linked to bovine serum albumin (BSA). Antisera from rabbits immunized with these immunogens were used in indirect immunofluorescence assay for the identification of group B (O-antigen 4) and D (O-antigen 9)Salmonella. A total of 1030 enteric bacterial strains were tested, including 207 group B and 55 group DSalmonella The anti-abequose-mannose-BSA serum correctly identified allSalmonella group B strains tested. The anti-tyvelose-mannose-BSA serum correctly identified allSalmonella group D bacteria examined with the exception of 11 of 18 Vi-positiveS. typhi strains which did not stain until the Vi-antigen was removed by boiling. Among the 768 strains representingSalmonella other than groups B and D,E. coli, Shigella, Citrobacter, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia, Proteus, Vibrio, Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Yersinia, Bacteroides andFusobacterium only 5 positive reactions were found. These were observed withY. pseudotuberculosis strains which have the same disaccharide antigenic determinants asSalmonella O-antigen 4 and 9 respectively. The high specificity of the antisera elicited by the synthetic disaccharide-BSA immunogens make them suitable for a specific and rapid identification ofSalmonella bacteria belonging to serogroups B and D.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Microbiology 27 (1973), S. 205-241 
    ISSN: 0066-4227
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 8 (1978), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Bacteriophage SF6 antigenically converts Shigella flexneri serotype Y strains (-;3,4) to type 3b carrying group antigen 6,3,4 by means of an O-acetylation of the O-antigenic polysaccharide chain. The gene for O-acetyl transferase of bacteriophage SF6 has been cloned, identified and sequenced. The predicted O-acetyl transferase protein encoded by this gene was found to consist of 333 amino acids, (37 185 daltons) and to have some similarity with the galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase protein of Escherichia coli. The gene has been shown to function in a live vaccine strain of S. flexneri Y type (ΔaroD), making it a 3b type. The converted type 3b strain, SFL1104, was found to elicit significant protection against challenge by both wild-type serotypes 3b and Y in a guinea-pig keratoconjunctivitis model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 7 (1979), S. 226-230 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Bakteriologie der akuten Salpingitis wurde bei 87 Patientinnen studiert. Bei 18 Patientinnen wurden Gonokokken gefunden. In der Peritonealflüssigkeit war die Ausbeute der Bakterienisolate geringer als in den Kulturen aus der Vagina, und es wurde beobachtet, daß die Kulturen aus der Peritonealflüssigkeit und aus der Vagina schlecht übereinstimmten. An beiden Stellen dominierten anaerobe Bakterien. Staphylokokken, Streptokokken, Enterobakterien, Peptostreptokokken, Peptokokken, Lactobazillen undBacteroides, die normalerweise in der Vagina vorhanden sind, überwogen bei den durch Culdozentese gewonnenen Isolaten. Gepaarte Seren aus der akuten und aus der Rekonvaleszenzphase, die von Patienten, bei denenBacteroides fragilis isoliert worden war, stammten, wurden auf eine Antikörperantwort gegenüber dem Polysaccharidantigen vonB. fragilis getestet. In nur zwei Seren von insgesamt acht Patienten mit Nicht-Gonokokken-Salpingitis wurden signifikante Titeranhebungen beobachtet und bei zwei Patienten mit Gonokokken-Salpingitis wurden keine Titeränderungen festgestellt. Diese Ergebnisse lassen annehmen, daßB. fragilis nur selten eine ätiologische Rolle bei der akuten Salpingitis spielt.
    Notes: Summary The bacteriology of acute salpingitis was studied in 87 patients. Gonococci were recovered from 18 patients. Lower yields of bacteria were isolated in the peritoneal fluid than from the vaginal cultures, and a poor correlation was observed between the peritoneal fluid and vaginal cultures. Anaerobic bacteria dominated in both sites. Staphylococci, streptococci, enterobacteria, peptostreptococci, peptococci, lactobacilli and bacteroides normally present in the vagina were the predominant isolates recovered from the culdocentesis. Paired acute and convalescent-phase sera obtained from patients with isolates ofBacteroides fragilis were assayed for antibody response to the polysaccharide antigen ofB. fragilis. Significant titer increases were observed in sera from only two out of eight patients with non-gonococcal salpingitis and no titer changes were noticed in two patients with gonococcal. These findings suggest thatB. fragilis only infrequently plays an etiologic role in acute salpingitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 1 (1982), S. 91-96 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A comparison was made of the methods of coagglutination (using sensitized staphylococci) and Counterimmunoelectrophoresis with regard to (i) sensitivity in detecting capsular polysaccharides from 14 different types of pneumococci, and (ii) sensitivity and specificity in detecting pneumococcal antigen in sputum samples from patients with pneumonia. counterimmunoelectrophoresis was 20–150 times less sensitive than coagglutination in detecting purified type 7F and 14 polysaccharide preparations, and was as sensitive as or slightly more sensitive than coagglutination in detecting the other 12 polysaccharide types. Of 331 sputum samples examined, 94 were antigen positive, 87 by coagglutination and 76 by counterimmunoelectrophoresis; strong reactions were obtained with 85 and 63 samples, respectively. Moreover, with counterimmunoelectrophoresis 24 samples gave rise to probably non-specific precipitates, while with coagglutination either a strong positive or an unequivocally negative result was obtained in all but six samples. It is concluded that coagglutination is not only simpler and faster than Counterimmunoelectrophoresis, but also appears to be more specific and sensitive for the detection of pneumococcal antigen in sputum samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Monoclonal antibodies against the lipooligosaccharide ofHaemophilus ducreyi were produced. Two of them, MAHD6 and MAHD7, were found to be relatively, although not absolutely, specific and reacted with nearly all strains ofHaemophilus ducreyi tested: 59 of 60 and 60 of 60, respectively. The diagnostic usefulness of MAHD7 was assessed. Clinical specimens collected in Zambia from patients with genital ulcers were tested using indirect immunofluorescence (IF), enzyme immunoassay (EIA), the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and bacterial culture. Compared with culture, IF had a sensitivity of 100 %; compared with PCR, sensitivity was 89 %. The corresponding figures for the EIA were 83 % and 74 %, respectively. The sensitivity of culture compared with PCR was 63 %. The results suggest that IF on genital smears using M AH D7 might be an excellent tool for the diagnosis of chancroid in high-prevalence populations. However, further evaluation of the specificity of this test is needed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 12 (1993), S. 25-32 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A rapid and sensitive method for the detection ofShigella dysenteriae type 1 andShigella flexneri serotypes in faeces based on capture of the bacteria with immunomagnetic particles is described. The particles were coated with either of two different monoclonal antibodies specific for the O-antigens ofShigella dysenteriae type 1 andShigella flexneri serotypes. Captured bacteria were detected by an enzyme immunoassay with O-antigen specific rabbit antiserum. The whole assay required 2 to 3 hours to perform and the sensitivity limit was 103 cfu/ml as determined by viable cell counting. One hundred and fifty enterobacteria strains, including 100Shigella strains from a strain collection, and 302 fresh faecal samples were used for the study. AllShigella dysenteriae type 1 andShigella flexneri culture-positive faecal samples were positive in the immunomagnetic assay. In addition 18 of 252 culture-negative faecal samples were positive. The immunomagnetic assay was compared with latex agglutination and indirect immunofluorescence using culture as the reference method. The immunomagnetic assay had a sensitivity of 100%, latex agglutination a sensitivity of 72% with 28% false-negative results, and indirect immunofluorescence a sensitivity of 95%. The immunomagnetic assay was superior in sensitivity since it also detectedShigella in faecal samples up to two days after antibiotic therapy had been started, which both latex agglutination and indirect immunofluorescence failed to do. The high sensitivity in detecting live and dead bacteria, and the ease of performance of the immunomagnetic assay render it an attractive method for detection ofShigella.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 2 (1983), S. 200-205 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for determination of the IgA, IgM and IgG antibody responses against a lipopolysaccharide antigen representingShigella sonnei phase I bacteria. Two or more sera from 33 patients infected withShigella sonnei were collected during a 12 month period after onset of the disease. Convalescent sera from 56 patients with other enteric infections (salmonellosis, yersiniosis, campylobacteriosis) and sera drawn from 40 healthy blood donors served as controls. Twenty-eight of the 33 patients (85 %) had at least one serum specimen where two or three of the immunoglobulin titres were classified as positive (〉+2SD above mean titres seen in healthy blood donors), whereas only ten of 56 patients (18%) with other enteric infections had similarly elevated titres (p〈0.001). TheShigella sonnei ELISA using purified liopolysaccharide as antigen is considered more sensitive and specific than the formerly used agglutination tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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