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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The development of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: Two contrasting presentations (1983)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 25 (1983), S. 89-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Type 1 diabetes ; aetiology ; HLA type ; virus ; islet cell ; autoantibody
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Genetic, immunological and viral factors have been implicated in pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes mellitus. The development of Type 1 diabetes in two siblings of patients with Type 1 diabetes studied as part of a large epidemiological study, is described. One case, a 13-year-old male not sharing either HLA haplotype with his diabetic sister, had virtually normal glucose tolerance 80 days before symptomatic presentation. He showed serological evidence of infection by Coxsackie CB4 (at diagnosis) and influenza A virus (soon after diagnosis). The other case, a 15-year-old male, had impaired glucose tolerance for over 500 days (i. e., since the diagnosis of diabetes in his HLA-identical brother) before symptomatic presentation which was not associated with serological evidence of acute viral infection. The former case was negative for islet cell antibody (cytoplasmic) when first seen though positive at diagnosis, while the latter was positive throughout. These two cases suggest contrasting interactions of the main pathogenetic factors associated with Type 1 diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00250894
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Pittsburgh insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus registry: Seasonal incidence (1982)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 23 (1982), S. 83-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Type 1 diabetes ; epidemiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A total community (Allegheny County, Pennsylvania) Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus registry was examined for evidence of seasonality at onset of the disease. No significant seasonal trend was found if all cases aged 〈 20 years at onset (n = 901) were considered. However, a significant pattern emerged for the age groups 5–9 years and 10–14 years. Furthermore, sex differences were apparent in that males but not females demonstrated a seasonal pattern (fewer cases in the summer months).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01271164
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Markedly increased renal disease mortality and incidence of renal replacement therapy among IDDM patients in Japan in contrast to Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, USA (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 236-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; mortality ; nephropathy ; dialysis ; epidemiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of this study was to evaluate factors related to the markedly increased risk of dying from diabetic renal disease in Japanese insulin-dependent diabetic patients compared to those in the USA. The study was based on two population-based cohorts consisting of 1374 cases from Japan and 995 cases from Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, USA, who were diagnosed between 1 January 1965 and 31 December 1979. The living status and dialysis experience were determined as of 1 January 1990. The duration-adjusted renal-failure-related mortality rates in the Japanese cohort and the USA cohort were 277.2 and 130.9 per 100,000 person-years, and the duration-adjusted incidence rates of dialysis were 564.9 and 295.6 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. After adjustment for sex, age at onset, calendar year of onset, and duration of diabetes, individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes in the Japanese cohort were still 2.4-fold more likely to receive dialysis compared to those in the USA cohort. Ten of the 36 renal-failure-related deaths in the Japanese cohort had never been treated by dialysis, while all renal-failure-related deaths in the USA cohort had been treated by dialysis. Survival after initiation of dialysis in the Japanese cohort was virtually the same as the USA cohort. These data suggest that a greater frequency of diabetic end-stage renal disease and reduced access to acceptance at dialysis underlie much of the excess of diabetic renal deaths in Japan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400100
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Socioeconomic and behavioural risk factors for mortality of individuals with IDDM in Japan: population-based case-control study (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 710-716 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; mortality ; case-control study ; clinical attendance ; risk factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of this population-based, one-to-one matched-pair case-control study was to evaluate the factors concerning the markedly increased risk for dying among Japanese subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) from a social and behavioural perspective. The study was based on the population-based cohort of IDDM subjects in the Diabetes Epidemiology Research International Mortality Study. We studied 90 cases who died and 90 living control subjects, selected from the rest of the cohort, who were matched for sex, birth year, year of diagnosis and duration of diabetes. Socioeconomic and behavioural status were surveyed through a questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression analyses based on 55 respondent pairs revealed that the better educated patients (year of completing education: odds ratio =0.66) who kept the same physician (number of times a patient changed physician: odds ratio =2.77) and who attended a clinic specializing in diabetes (attendance at university hospital clinic: odds ratio =0.18) injecting insulin several times a day (number of injections, odds ratio =0.31) and more frequently attending the clinic (≥ 12 times per year, odds ratio =0.23) were at substantially lower risk of death. The results begin to profile the patients with the highest risk of dying who could be identified earlier and undergo intervention treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00418543
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The association of physical activity with obesity, fat distribution and glucose intolerance in Pima Indians (1993)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 36 (1993), S. 863-869 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Physical activity ; obesity ; fat distribution ; glucose intolerance ; Pima Indians ; exercise
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The relationships between physical activity, obesity, fat distribution and glucose tolerance were examined in the Pima Indians who have the highest documented incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Fasting and 2-h post-load plasma glucose concentrations, body mass index, and waist-to-thigh circumference ratios were determined in 1054 subjects aged 15–59 years. Current (during the most recent calendar year) and historical (over a lifetime) leisure and occupational physical activity were determined by questionnaire. Current physical activity was inversely correlated with fasting and 2-h plasma glucose concentrations, body mass index and waist-to-thigh ratios for most sex-age groups even when diabetic subjects were excluded. Controlled for age, obesity and fat distribution, activity remained significantly associated with 2-h plasma glucose concentrations in males. In subjects aged 37–59 years, individuals with diabetes compared to those without reported significantly less leisure physical activity during the teenage years (median hours per week of activity, 9.1 vs 13.2 for men; 1.0 vs 2.2 for women). Controlled for body mass index, sex, age and waist-to-thigh ratio, subjects who reported low levels of historical leisure physical activity had a higher rate of diabetes than those who were more active. In conclusion, current physical activity was inversely related to glucose intolerance, obesity and central distribution of fat, particularly in males. Subjects with diabetes were currently less active and reported less historical physical activity than non-diabetic subjects. These findings suggest that activity may protect against the development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes both directly and through an influence on obesity and fat distribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400363
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Socioeconomic and behavioural risk factors for mortality of individuals with IDDM in Japan: population-based case-control study (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 710-716 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; mortality ; case-control study ; clinical attendance ; risk factor.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of this population-based, one-to-one matched-pair case-control study was to evaluate the factors concerning the markedly increased risk for dying among Japanese subjects with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) from a social and behavioural perspective. The study was based on the population-based cohort of IDDM subjects in the Diabetes Epidemiology Research International Mortality Study. We studied 90 cases who died and 90 living control subjects, selected from the rest of the cohort, who were matched for sex, birth year, year of diagnosis and duration of diabetes. Socioeconomic and behavioural status were surveyed through a questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression analyses based on 55 respondent pairs revealed that the better educated patients (year of completing education: odds ratio = 0.66) who kept the same physician (number of times a patient changed physician: odds ratio = 2.77) and who attended a clinic specializing in diabetes (attendance at university hospital clinic: odds ratio = 0.18) injecting insulin several times a day (number of injections, odds ratio = 0.31) and more frequently attending the clinic (≥ 12 times per year, odds ratio = 0.23) were at substantially lower risk of death. The results begin to profile the patients with the highest risk of dying who could be identified earlier and undergo intervention treatment. [Diabetologia (1996) 39: 710–716]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00418543
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The incidence of male childhood Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus is rising rapidly in The Netherlands (1992)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 35 (1992), S. 139-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus ; military medicine ; incidence ; cohort studies ; longitudinal studies ; child
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study evaluates the cumulative incidence of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in male army conscripts 0–18 (inclusive) years of age in the Netherlands (birth cohorts) over 10 years. Data from 2136 cases were retrieved from files of the conscript registry of the Royal Dutch Army. Ascertainment was sought by the capture-recapture method, achieving an average ascertainment rate of 89.7%. Poisson regression modelling was used to determine the change in incidence over time. A significant non-linear increase in the incidence of insulin-dependency in the birth cohorts of 1960–1970 was found. The cumulative incidences of the early birth cohorts 1.85/1000 (1960), 1.76/1000 (1961), 1.11/1000 (1962) were considerably lower than of the later birth cohorts 1.96/1000 (1968), 2.11/1000 (1969), 2.12/1000 (1970). Overall the risk of Type 1 diabetes increased on the average 4.4 % with each annual birth cohort. Only for the 1962 birth cohort was a significant dip in the incidence observed. The results indicate a rapidly increasing incidence of diabetes in males in the Netherlands consistent with the concurrent rapid rise in Northern Europe, found in both sexes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402545
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Markedly increased renal disease mortality and incidence of renal replacement therapy among IDDM patients in Japan in contrast to Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, USA (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 236-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; mortality ; nephropathy ; dialysis ; epidemiology.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of this study was to evaluate factors related to the markedly increased risk of dying from diabetic renal disease in Japanese insulin-dependent diabetic patients compared to those in the USA. The study was based on two population-based cohorts consisting of 1374 cases from Japan and 995 cases from Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, USA, who were diagnosed between 1 January 1965 and 31 December 1979. The living status and dialysis experience were determined as of 1 January 1990. The duration-adjusted renal-failure-related mortality rates in the Japanese cohort and the USA cohort were 277.2 and 130.9 per 100,000 person-years, and the duration-adjusted incidence rates of dialysis were 564.9 and 295.6 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. After adjustment for sex, age at onset, calendar year of onset, and duration of diabetes, individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes in the Japanese cohort were still 2.4-fold more likely to receive dialysis compared to those in the USA cohort. Ten of the 36 renal-failure-related deaths in the Japanese cohort had never been treated by dialysis, while all renal-failure-related deaths in the USA cohort had been treated by dialysis. Survival after initiation of dialysis in the Japanese cohort was virtually the same as the USA cohort. These data suggest that a greater frequency of diabetic end-stage renal disease and reduced access to acceptance at dialysis underlie much of the excess of diabetic renal deaths in Japan. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 236–243]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400100
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Geographic variation in mortality among individuals with youth-onset diabetes mellitus across the world (1997)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 40 (1997), S. 212-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords IDDM ; mortality ; incidence ; epidemiology ; life expectancy.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of this study was to evaluate the geographic variation in mortality among individuals with youth-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) across the world. The study was based on the currently available IDDM incidence and mortality data. Mortality data for diabetes in the 0–24 year age group were obtained from World Health Organization (WHO) statistics. The mortality rates were adjusted for the frequency of occurrence of IDDM by dividing the mortality rates by the IDDM incidence rates which were obtained from the WHO DiaMond project. There was a more than 10-fold geographic variation in mortality between the developed countries and Eastern European populations. The areas with the highest mortality rates were located in Japan, Eastern Europe and Russia. The areas having the best outcome associated with IDDM were Northern Europe, Central Europe, and Canada. An ecological study demonstrated a relationship between the incidence-adjusted mortality (estimated case-fatality) with IDDM incidence itself (Spearman's correlation coefficient = –0.45) as well as infant mortality and life expectancy at birth. These data demonstrated the possibility of an enormous geographic variation in mortality of youth-onset diabetic patients even in developed countries. It is important to note that these excess deaths are potentially preventable. The ecological study also suggested that the mortality differences may be in part related to overall and diabetes related care. [Diabetologia (1997) 40: 212–216]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050665
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The development of Type 1 diabetes in HLA identical siblings of Type 1 diabetic patients: Associations with specific HLA antigens (1982)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 23 (1982), S. 379-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00253748
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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