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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Acquisition of Autonomic Control Through Biofeedback: Some Tests of Discrimination Theory (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 18 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Thirty-two subjects participated in 6 biofeedback training sessions to produce increases and decreases in skin conductance (SC) or heart rate (HR). Performance on control trials was examined with respect to SC and HR, as well as respiratory and somatomotor variables. The subjects also participated in 3 test sessions (on days 2, 5, and 9), which evaluated their ability to discriminate the target autonomic response, and sought to identify the bases for SC and HR discriminations. This design permitted examination of three major predictions from Brener's theory about the process which underlies the acquisition of autonomic control through biofeedback. The first prediction, that positive correlations should be obtained between control and discrimination performance throughout training, was not supported by the data. The other predictions, that control and discrimination performance both should become more specific to the target response as a function of training, were likewise not supported. On the whole, neither for SC nor for HR control was the pattern of results favorable to Brener's views.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1981.tb01826.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Acquisition of Autonomic Control Through Biofeedback: The Case Against an Afferent Process and a Two-Process Alternative (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 18 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Brener has proposed a general theory of the development of voluntary control which offers as its focus an account of the process underlying the acquisition of control over autonomic responses. This account views the acquisition process as consequent to the development of the subject's ability to discriminate afferentation related to the response state to be produced and to his formulating an appropriate response image on the basis of this afferentation. The paper begins with an extensive review of biofeedback studies pertinent to the theory. This review yields little convincing evidence for Brener's views. Selected studies on the performance and the acquisition of motor skills and on the nature of the image are then examined. These suggest that the development of control of a response may rely primarily on efferent processes, with afferent processes playing, at most, a secondary role. A two-process theory of the acquisition of autonomic control is then presented. The theory proposes that, in most instances, biofeedback training leads to autonomic control through a process consisting primarily in the identification of efferent behavioural programmes already within the subject's repertoire. The theory further proposes that an afferent acquisition process such as postulated by Brener may also underlie the development of autonomic control, but only under conditions where behavioural programmes effective in controlling the target response are either unavailable or inaccessible to the subject.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1981.tb01828.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lateralization in the Electrodermal System as a Function of Cognitive/Hemispheric Manipulations (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 16 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Three experiments examined patterns of bilateral differences in skin conductance as a function of cognitive tasks intended to produce specific manipulations in the relative activation of the two hemispheres. Experiments 1 and 2 employed right-handed subjects, and examined the effects of Verbal (left-hemispheric) and Spatial (right-hemispheric) tasks. In both experiments response amplitudes were substantially smaller in the hand contralateral to the more activated hemisphere than in the ipsilateral hand. Experiment 2 also examined the effects of Music and Number tasks, intended to produce a similar level of activation in the two hemispheres: these tasks were not accompanied by reliable bilateral differences in electrodermal activity. Experiment 3 consisted of a replication of Experiment 2 with subjects (sinistrals) known, as a group, to exhibit little functional hemispheric specialization. In these subjects, bilateral electrodermal differences did not vary systematically as a function of tasks. These findings argue strongly for the presence of lateralized cortical influences on electrodermal activity, and their implications for psychological and neurophysiological models of electrodermal functioning are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1979.tb01454.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book review (1984)
    Springer
    Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback 9 (1984), S. 407-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3270
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00998983
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of the mechanisms and some properties of instructed sudomotor and cardiac control (1978)
    Springer
    Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback 3 (1978), S. 105-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3270
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Instructed control defined as differential compliance with verbal instructions to increase and decrease a response was assessed when a change in sudomotor activation or heart rate was specified as the behavioral goal. Instructed control of heart rate was evident prior to explicit feedback training for this response, but instructed control of sudomotor activation defined as finger sweating and measured as skin conductance was not. Feedback training subsequently established instructed control of sudomotor responding, but such training did not lead to a significant improvement in control of heart rate. Explicit strategy suggestions emphasizing emotional responding and intended or actual movement appeared to interfere with the performance of instructed control under both target conditions. Instructed changes in heart rate were attended by correlated changes in somatomotor and respiratory function. Somatomotor and respiratory responses were also observed when subjects were instructed to change sudomotor activation, but these correlated activities were of small magnitude and were not augmented by feedback training as was target responding. Several accounts of the basis for differences that were evident between the target conditions with respect to feedback effects and response patterns are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00998897
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of biofeedback on the discrimination of electrodermal activity (1977)
    Springer
    Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback 2 (1977), S. 393-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3270
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Twenty-four subjects were tested on their ability to discriminate between the presence and absence of negative skin potential responses before and after training to control skin potential. Training consisted of 52 discrete 30-second trials during which subjects were asked either to increase or to inhibit palmar sweating. Subjects in groups N and P were provided with analogue feedback on their skin potential activity. Group N was correctly informed that increases in sweating were indicated by increases in the negativity of skin potential; group P was misinformed that these were indicated by increases in the positivity of skin potential. Subjects in the control (C) group received no feedback. Reliable evidence of discrimination was obtained only in groups N and P, following training. However, reliable evidence of control was obtained only in group N. Thus, training to control skin potential led to an ability to identify afferentation associated with the more common (i.e., negative) skin potential responses, even though biofeedback training appeared unsuccessful in the case of group P. These findings are discussed in the context of “discrimination” or “awareness” accounts of the process of acquiring control of internal responses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00998624
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book reviews (1983)
    Springer
    Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback 8 (1983), S. 281-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3270
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00998858
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Type A Behavior Pattern and symptom reports: A prospective investigation (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of behavioral medicine 11 (1988), S. 227-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3521
    Keywords: respiratory symptoms ; stress ; Type A behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract This study examined the relationship between the Type A Behavior Pattern and reporting of a constellation of physical symptoms related to respiratory infections using a prospective design. The results indicate that Types A and B students did not differ significantly in their reports of the frequency or severity of the constellation of symptoms or of individual symptoms over an 87-day period. Furthermore, there were no type differences in the frequency or severity of the symptom constellation reported during a competitive and highly challenging period of time. In view of the contradiction in previously published reports (i.e., reports of both positive and negative relationships between Type A and symptom reporting) and the robust methodological design utilized in the present study, the wholly negative nature of these findings point strongly to the absenceof Type A/B differences in symptom reporting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00844429
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