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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uptake and depuration of cesium in the green mussel Perna viridis (2000)
    Springer
    Marine biology 137 (2000), S. 567-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The accumulation and depuration of Cs in the green mussels (Perna viridis) commonly found in the subtropical and tropical waters were studied under the laboratory conditions using radiotracer techniques. Following an initial rapid sorption onto the mussel's tissues, uptake of Cs exhibited linear patterns over a short exposure time (8 h) at different ambient Cs concentrations. The concentration factor was independent of ambient Cs concentration. The calculated uptake rate and initial sorption constant of Cs were directly proportional to the ambient Cs concentration. The calculated uptake rate constant from the dissolved phase in the mussels was as low as 0.026 l g−1 d−1. Uptake rates of Cs in the mussels were inversely related to the ambient salinity. Uptake increased about twofold when the salinity was reduced from 33 to 15 ppt. The effect of salinity on Cs uptake was primarily due to the change in ambient K+ concentration. The uptake rate decreased in a power function with increasing tissue dry weight of the mussels, although the initial sorption was not related to the mussel's body size. The efflux rate constant of Cs in the mussels was 0.15 to 0.18 d−1, and was the highest recorded to date among different metals in marine bivalves. The efflux rate constant also decreased in a power function with increasing tissue dry weight of mussels. A simple kinetic model predicted that the bioconcentration factor of Cs in the green mussels was 145, which was higher than measurements taken in their temperate counterparts. The bioconcentration factor also decreased in a power function with increasing tissue dry weight of mussels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270000373
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolic adjustments in the common carp during prolonged hypoxia (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 57 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Biochemical and respiratory changes in the common carp Cyprinus carpio, were studied 6, 24, 96 and 168 h upon exposure to hypoxia (0·5 mgO2 l−1). Modification of kinetic properties of phosphofructokinase (PFK-1), coupled with a decreased in PFK-1 activities, were evident in muscle. No changes in kinetics and activities could be observed in muscle pyruvate kinase (PK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). A decrease in muscle citrate synthase (CS) and an increase in muscle cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) were found. The common carp was able to maintain a constant level of muscle glycogen, muscle ATP, and liver CS throughout the 168-h experimental period. Changes in activities of liver LDH and muscle CCO were observed only at 168 h, which indicates that common carp may switch to alternative metabolic pathway to deal with prolonged hypoxia. A severe decrease in liver glycogen was accompanied by increases in lactate levels in both the muscle and liver. Oxygen consumption rate was reduced under hypoxia, but resumed to normoxic levels within 2 h upon return to normoxic condition. Overall, these results indicate that carp adopt different strategies in an attempt to deal with short term and long term hypoxia in the natural environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb00478.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of tributyltin and formaldehyde on the germination and growth of Phyllospora comosa (Labillardiere) C. Agardh (Phaeophyta: Fucales) (1995)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 55 (1995), S. 525-532 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196031
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute toxicity tests using Phyllospora comosa (Labillardiere) C. Agardh (Phaeophyta: Fucales) and Allorchestes compressa Dana (Crustacea: Amphipoda) (1995)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 55 (1995), S. 621-628 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196045
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential palatability of leaf litter to four sympatric isopods in a Hong Kong forest (1990)
    Springer
    Oecologia 84 (1990), S. 398-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Isopoda ; Litter quality ; Consumption rates ; Assimilation efficiency ; Feeding preference
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The feeding behaviour of four sympatric isopods from a Hong Kong forest has been investigated. The study included two armadillids (Formosillo raffaelei and Orodillo maculatus) and two philosciids (Burmoniscus ocellatus and Burmoniscus sp.). When given a choice of eight types of litter, all isopod species showed significant dietary selection, and food preferences were similar. Berchemia racemosa (Rhamnaceae) was most readily consumed, followed by Celtis sinensis (Ulmaceac), while feeding rates on Cinnamomum camphora (Lauraceae) were low. The armadillids exhibited a narrower dietary spectrum than the philosciids. All isopods showed significant differences in consumption rates when each litter type was presented separately to them. Cinnamomum camphora was eaten the slowest, while Celtis sinensis and Berchemia racemosa were the top-ranked species. Although patterns of litter ranking based on percentage eaten or feeding rates were similar, all isopods ate more food when given a mixture of leaves than when presented with a single litter type. Assimilation rates were, in general, positively related to feeding rates. On this basis, it appears that assimilation may influence food preference. There were no clear relationships between food preference or feeding rates and ash, calcium, copper, soluble tannin or energy content of the litter. This finding may indicate the benefits of isopods maintaining a mixed diet, consuming certain litter species to meet their calcium or copper requirements and then switching to others so as to meet daily energy needs and to avoid excessive injection of tannins or plant allelochemicals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00329766
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of two oil dispersants on phototaxis and swimming behaviour of barnacle larvae (1997)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 352 (1997), S. 9-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Oil dispersant ; phototaxis ; swimming behaviour ; barnacle larvae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of two oil dispersants (Vecom B-1425 GL and Norchem OSD-570) mixed with diesel oil on the survival and behaviour of the stage II nauplii of the barnacle Balanus amphitrite were investigated. The24 and 48-hour LC50 values for Vecom B-1425 GL:diesel mixture were 514 and 48 mg l−1 respectively, while respective values for Norchem OSD-570:diesel mixture were 505 and 71 mg l−1. Under sublethal concentrations, increased levels of the dispersant:diesel mixtures caused a reduction in phototactic responses. Balanus amphitrite nauplii failed to exhibit phototactic responses when exposed to Vecom B-1425GL:diesel mixtures of 400 mg l−1 and higher for 24 hours. A longer exposure time of 48 hours further reduced the Lowest Observable Effect Concentrations (LOECs) to 60 mg l−1. The LOECs for Norchem OSD-570:diesel mixtures under exposure periods of 24 and 48 hours were 400and 80 mgl−1 respectively. The curvilinear velocities (VCL) and straight-line velocities (VSL) of the stage II nauplii ranged from 0.7–1.1and 0.2-0.4 mms−1 respectively. Increased concentrations of dispersant:diesel mixtures caused a significant change in the curvilinear and straight-line velocities. Both oil dispersants, dispersant:diesel mixtures of 20 to 40 mgl−1 caused significant increases in VCL, but no significant change in VSL. Dispersant:diesel mixtures of 100 mg l−1 and higher resulted in a reduction in VSL for both dispersants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003024500609
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