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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The importance of gastric emptying and mucosal folds in the adaptive cytoprotection of mild irritants in rats (1995)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 44 (1995), S. 518-522 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Mild irritants ; Ethanol ; Gastric lesions ; Gastric emptying rate ; Mucosal folds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study examines the involvement of gastric emptying and mucosal folds in the adaptive cytoprotection of different mild irritants against 100% ethanolinduced gastric mucosal damage. Pre-exposure to either 20% ethanol, 5% NaCl or 0.3M HCl significantly reduced the gastric mucosal damage caused by 100% ethanol in rats. Administration of either one of the three mild irritants increased the basal gastric residual volume and decreased the area occupied by gastric mucosal folds, but only 20% ethanol reduced the gastric emptying rate. Indomethacin (5 mg/kg, s.c.) pretreatment did not affect ethanol ulceration and gastric emptying rate when given by itself, but reversed the flattening of mucosal folds produced by the three mild irritants, and abolished the protective effect of 20% ethanol. These results suggest that the gastric adaptive cytoprotection induced by the three mild irritants acts through luminal dilution of the noxious agent, possibly caused by gastric retention. The reduction of mucosal folds could also contribute to the anti-lesion action of 20% ethanol. It is therefore suggested that the protective actions of the three mild irritants act through different mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01757355
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The gastric cytoprotective action of adenosine and prostaglandin E2 in rabbits (1994)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 42 (1994), S. 146-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Adenosine ; Prostaglandin E2 ; Gastric gland ; Damage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The direct protective action of adenosine and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was examined in an isolated gastric gland preparation in rabbits. Ethanol, (8%, v/v) incubation markedly increased the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and number of non-viable glands in the preparation. Both effects were prevented by PGE2 preincubation in a concentration (10−6, 1.4×10−5 or 2.8×10−5 M)-dependent manner. The protective action was smaller in adenosine-treated groups, and yet the highest concentration (10−4 M) of the compound also significantly inhibited the cytotoxic effects of ethanol. These findings indicate that both adenosine and PGE2 possess cytoprotective action on gastric glands in rabbits, but the former compound exerts its action beyond physiological concentrations. It is concluded that endogenous PGE2, but not adenosine may act as an ulcer modulator in the stomach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01983481
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parametric dependence of the properties of pulsed-laser-deposited diamond-like carbon films (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 63 (1996), S. 287-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 68.60 ; 81.15 ; 68.55
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The properties of Pulsed-Laser-Deposited Diamond-Like Carbon (PLD DLC) films are studied as functions of the power densityΦ and the wavelengthλ of the laser beam, and the incident angleϑ of the beam relative to the normal of the target surface. All the films have a similar structure consisting of graphite particulates embedded in a continuous matrix, so the macroscopic performance of the films is determined by the overall contributions of the particulates and the matrix. The use of higherΦ, shorterλ, or largerϑ leads to an enhancement of the diamond-like characteristics and a simultaneous increase of the particulate density. These two effects give opposite contributions to the electrical conductivityσ R, leading to the following results. (i) σR drops with increasingΦ in the lowΦ range (region I) due to the stronger diamond-like nature of the matrix, but increases sharply afterΦ has exceeded a thresholdΦ min as a result of the rapid increase in particulate density. (ii) In region I, the use of shorterλ or largerϑ leads to a more diamond-like matrix, and this overwhelms the degradation effect caused by the slight increase in particulate density. The samples thus become more insulating. In the highΦ region (region II), however, the use of shorterλ or largerϑ gives rise to higher particulate density, thereby increasing the electrical conductivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01567883
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three Cases of Irremovable Ovarian Cyst Treated by Drainage. (1929)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 36 (1929), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1929.tb06709.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Choo, Ng Kwee: The Chinese in London : Oxford University Press for the Institute of Race Relations, 1968 (1968)
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    The @China quarterly 35 (1968), S. 168-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 0305-7410
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , History , Political Science , Sociology , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305741000032203
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lansoprazole reduces ulcer relapse after eradication of Helicobacter pylori in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug users – a randomized trial (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 18 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim : To study whether prophylaxis with lansoprazole could prevent relapse of ulcers after eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with NSAID-related peptic ulcers.Methods : Patients who presented with peptic ulcers and were found to be infected with H. pylori while receiving NSAIDs were recruited into the study. They received, twice daily, lansoprazole 30 mg, amoxicillin 1 g and clarithromycin 500 mg for 1 week, followed by lansoprazole 30 mg daily for 4 weeks. Patients with healed ulcers and H. pylori eradicated were given naproxen 750 mg daily, and randomly assigned to receive lansoprazole 30 mg daily or no treatment for 8 weeks. The primary endpoint was the cumulative recurrence of symptomatic and complicated ulcers.Results : At the end of the 8-week treatment period, significantly fewer patients (1/22, 4.5%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0–23) in the lansoprazole group compared with the group that received H. pylori eradication alone (9/21, 42.9%, 95% CI 22–66) developed recurrence of symptomatic and complicated ulcers (log rank test P = 0.0025).Conclusions : Lansoprazole significantly reduced the cumulative relapse of symptomatic and complicated ulcers in patients requiring NSAIDs after eradication of H. pylori.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01762.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Randomized controlled study of rabeprazole, levofloxacin and rifabutin triple therapy vs. quadruple therapy as second-line treatment for 〈fr〉Helicobacter pylori〈/fr〉 infection (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim : To test the efficacy of rabeprazole, levofloxacin and rifabutin triple therapy vs. quadruple therapy for the second-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection.Methods : One hundred and nine patients who had failed previous H. pylori eradication were randomized to receive: (i) rabeprazole, 20 mg b.d., rifabutin, 300 mg once daily, and levofloxacin, 500 mg once daily, for 7 days (triple therapy); or (ii) rabeprazole, 20 mg b.d., metronidazole, 400 mg t.d.s., bismuth subcitrate, 120 mg q.d.s., and tetracycline, 500 mg q.d.s., for 7 days (quadruple therapy). Endoscopy and culture were performed before treatment.Results : The clarithromycin (79% vs. 21%, P 〈 0.001) and metronidazole (89% vs. 40%, P 〈 0.001) resistance rates were significantly higher in patients with previous exposure than in those with no previous exposure. The intention-to-treat and per protocol eradication rates were 91%/91% for the triple therapy group and 91%/92% for the quadruple therapy group. For patients with double resistance to metronidazole and clarithromycin, the eradication rates were 85% (17/20) in the triple therapy group and 87% (13/15) in the quadruple therapy group. Compliance was greater than 95% for both regimens.Conclusion : Rabeprazole, levofloxacin and rifabutin-based triple therapy and quadruple therapy were equally effective as second-line treatments for H. pylori infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01459.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does withholding aspirin for one week reduce the risk of post-sphincterotomy bleeding? (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Complications of endoscopic sphincterotomy are closely related to the endoscopic technique. To date, there have been no studies to indicate that aspirin increases the risk of bleeding after endoscopic sphincterotomy.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To compare the incidence of post-sphincterotomy bleeding in patients with and without prior aspirin therapy.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Eight hundred and four patients were recruited into this retrospective study: 124 patients continued to take aspirin until the day of sphincterotomy (Group 1), 116 patients had their aspirin discontinued for 1 week before sphincterotomy (Group 2) and 564 patients had never taken aspirin (Group 3). The primary outcome analysed was the incidence of post-sphincterotomy bleeding.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:Sixty-seven patients (8.3%) developed post-sphincterotomy bleeding. The incidences of post-sphincterotomy bleeding in Groups 1, 2 and 3 were 9.7%, 9.5% and 3.9%, respectively. Group 1 showed significantly increased post-sphincterotomy bleeding when compared with Group 3 (P=0.01), and the risk was also significantly increased when Group 2 was compared with Group 3 (P=0.01). However, there was no significant difference in post-sphincterotomy bleeding between Groups 1 and 2 (P=0.96).〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:Aspirin therapy increased the risk of post-sphincterotomy bleeding. Withholding aspirin for 1 week before endoscopic sphincterotomy did not seem to decrease the risk of post-sphincterotomy bleeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01251.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequential intravenous/oral antibiotic vs. continuous intravenous antibiotic in the treatment of pyogenic liver abscess (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Aim : Pyogenic liver abscesses result in substantial morbidity and mortality. Antimicrobial regimens using sequential intravenous/oral therapy may reduce the length of hospital stay. In this retrospective analysis, the efficacy of continuous intravenous antibiotic therapy (group I) vs. sequential intravenous/oral antibiotic therapy (group II) was studied in patients with pyogenic liver abscess.Methods : One hundred and twelve consecutive patients (55 in group I and 57 in group II) with pyogenic liver abscess were analysed. Clinical response, length of hospital stay and relapse rates were examined.Results : Group II had a significantly shorter duration of intravenous antibiotic treatment (3.2 weeks vs. 5.9 weeks, P 〈 0.01) and a shorter length of hospital stay (28 days vs. 42 days, P 〈 0.01) when compared to group I. Oral antibiotics were prescribed for a median duration of 2.9 weeks in group II after discharge. No relapse occurred within 6 weeks after the completion of treatment in both groups. The cost of therapy was significantly lower in group II than in group I by 33%.Conclusions : A sequential intravenous/oral antibiotic regime is a safe and effective treatment for pyogenic liver abscess. This reduces the cost of therapy and the length of hospital stay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01266.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-day lansoprazole quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori-positive duodenal ulcers: a randomized controlled study (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 15 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To compare the efficacy and tolerability of a 3-day quadruple therapy with a standard 7-day triple therapy in eradicating Helicobacter pylori infection and healing duodenal ulcers.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:Patients with H. pylori-positive duodenal ulcers were randomized to receive either lansoprazole 30 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg, and metronidazole 400 mg twice daily for 7 days (LCM-7) or lansoprazole 30 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg, metronidazole 400 mg, and bismuth subcitrate 240 mg twice daily for 3 days (LCMB-3). No pre- or post-treatment acid suppression was used. Follow-up endoscopy was performed at week 6.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:A total of 118 patients were recruited. Sixty patients in the LCM-7 group and 53 patients in the LCMB-3 group returned for endoscopy. Intention-to-treat eradication rates were 87% and 86% (P=0.94) and per protocol eradication rates were 87% and 94% (P=0.29) in the LCM-7 and LCMB-3 groups, respectively. Per protocol and intention-to-treat ulcer healing rates were 98% and 98% in LCM-7 and 100% and 91% in LCMB-3, respectively. There were no significant differences in efficacy in relation to the initial metronidazole and clarithromycin susceptibility. Significant reduction in the duration of side-effects was found in the LCMB-3 group.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusion:The 3-day quadruple therapy is highly effective, better tolerated and can be considered as a first-line therapy in duodenal ulcer management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00999.x
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