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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 138 (1972), S. 329-346 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Cerebellum ; Cytoarchitecture ; Man ; Rhesus monkey ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In der Kleinhirnrinde von Mensch, Rhesusaffe und Katze lassen sich Unterschiede in der Zellgröße und Zellzahl in verschiedenen Kleinhirnabschnitten nachweisen. Im ältesten Kleinhirnabschnitt, dem Lobus nodulofloccularis sind die Purkinjezellen und die Körnerzellen stets größer als in den Lappen des Corpus cerebelli. Außerdem besteht noch eine Größendifferenz zwischen Wurm und Hemisphären. In den vermalen Abschnitten aller Kleinhirnlappen sind die Purkinjezellen und die Körnerzellen größer als in den dazugehörigen Hemisphärenanteilen. Daneben bestehen Unterschiede in der Zellzahl. Im Lobus nodulofloccularis ist die Zellzahl signifikant geringer als in den übrigen Kleinhirnabschnitten. Ähnlich wie bei der Zellgröße bestehen aber auch bei der Zellzahl Unterschiede zwischen den Hemisphären- und Wurmanteilen eines Kleinhirnlappens. In den Wurmabschnitten ist die Zellzahl geringer als in den Hemisphären. Die regionalen Unterschiede in der Cytoarchitektonik und das zahlenmäßige Verhältnis der Purkinjezellen zu den Körnerzellen bei Mensch, Rhesusaffe und Katze werden im Hinblick auf den evolutiven Status der Gehirne diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary In different parts of the cerebellar cortex of man, rhesus monkey and cat there are variations in the size and number of cells. In the lobus nodulofloccularis, the Purkinje cells and the granule cells are larger in diameter than in the corpus cerebelli. Moreover, the Purkinje cells and the granule cells in the vermal parts of the nodulofloccular lobe, the posterior lobe and the anterior lobe are always larger in size than in the hemispheres of these lobes. In addition there are differences in the number of cells: In the nodulofloccular lobe the number of cells per unit volume is significantly lower than in the different parts of the corpus cerebelli; in the vermal parts the number of cells is smaller than in the respective parts of the hemispheres. Thus there are parallels between the differences in size and in number of Purkinje cells and granule cells in the phylogenetic older (vermis) and younger (hemispheres) parts of the cerebellum. The regional differences in cytoarchitectonics of the cerebellar cortex in man, rhesus monkey and cat are discussed with respect to evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 158 (1979), S. 51-62 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Cerebellar cortex ; Pre-and postterminal blood vessels ; Rhesus monkey, cat, rat ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the rhesus monkey, cat and rat, pial arteries give off branches which run vertically through all three layers of the cerebellar cortex. The large cortical arteries are surrounded by a perivascular space in the molecular layer. Their wall consists of several layers of smooth-muscle cells and the luminal endothelium. As the arteries reach the deeper layers of the cerebellar cortex, the number of smooth-muscle cells is reduced. In the rat, sometimes no smooth-muscle cells are detectable in the preterminal arterial vessels. If these deep arteries branch off by dichotomy of terminal vessels there occurs a gradual or complete loss of myocytes in all three species. In the cat, where cortical arteries give off branches at rightangles, there is a sphincter-like accumulation of smooth-muscle cells at the opening to the smaller branch. The postterminal vessels and veins in all species exhibit the smae mural structure found in capillaries. The wall consists only of an endothelium and occasional pericytes embedded in the basal lamina. Even the large veins which run to the pial veins show this simple mural structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Neuropeptide Y ; Human brain ; Immunocytochemistry ; High performance liquid chromatography ; Colocalization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The presence, chromatographic properties and localization of neuropeptide Y was demonstrated in postmortem human brain areas of neurologically and neuropsychiatrically normative controls using immunocytochemistry and high performance liquid chromatography combined with radioimmunoassay. NPY-immunoreactivity was found in many regions of the prosencephalon. Numerous perikarya and fibers were present in the neocortex, basal ganglia and limbic-hypothalamic areas. A moderate number of neurons and fibers was observed in the basal forebrain, including the septal complex. A comparative immunohistochemical investigation in perfusion-fixed brains of the old-world ape Saguinus oedipus revealed an almost identical distribution of NPY-immunoreactivity with only minor differences. Colocalization experiments on 1–2 μm thin consecutive paraffin sections revealed a large number of NPY neurons throughout the human neostriatum and amygdaloid complex that were also positive for somatostatin. Our findings indicate that detection of neuropeptides in fresh or fixed post-mortem human tissue by different immunochemical methods may actually reflect the in vivo conditions. In addition, the wide distribution of NPY throughout the human brain and its colocalization with other neurotransmitters suggests a physiological role as neuroactive substance, i.e. neuromodulator in the primate central nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Placenta ; Trophoblast ; Immunocytochemistry ; Gel electrophoresis ; Immunochemistry ; Lectin activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Proteins antigenically cross-reactive with lectins were sought in the placenta by immunohistochemistry using polyclonal antibodies raised in rabbit against four well-known lectins: Concanavalin A, Wheat germ agglutinin, Ulex europaeus agglutinin, and Phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinin (PHA-L), as well as one antibody raised in goat against PHA-L. Even at high dilutions of the primary antibody, strong staining was obtained after short incubations, in patterns generally resembling those obtained for placental lectins by other means, such as those based on binding capacity for glycosylated probes. One of the immunohistochemical patterns distinguishes with great clarity between the trophoblast cell layers, thus relating to developmental and functional parameters; another localises PHA-L-immunoreactivity to the syncytiotrophoblast. These results underline the validity of the immunohistochemical screening as an approach in its own right. Both positive and negative controls were applied to the immunohistochemical methodology. These controls showed that the staining patterns obtained relate to the specificities of the primary antibodies employed; i.e. to lectins. The PHA-Llike cross-reactivity was analysed immunochemically. In electrophoretically separated and Western-blotted placental extracts there were found anti-PHA-L-binding fractions of apparent molecular weights 30 kDa, 58 kDa and 67 kDa. Control studies of the PHA-L antigen showed anti-PHA-L-binding fractions of approximate molecular weights 32 kDa and 60 kDa. The 30 kDa fraction from placenta and the 32 kDa fraction from PHA-L antigen bound lactosylated BSA but not fucosylated BSA. Taken together, the immunohistochemical and biochemical data reveal the presence in the placenta of lectins, one of which resembles PHA-L not only antigenically but also in molecular weight and in sugar-binding specificity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 173 (1986), S. 371-376 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Motilin-like immunoreactivity ; RIA ; HPLC ; Cat ; Intestine ; Rat ; Cerebellum ; Purkinje cells ; Dendrites ; Neocortex ; Pyramidal cells ; Hippocampus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Motilin was demonstrated by the immunoperoxidase technique in endocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract using several specific antisera. Motilin-like immunoreactivity could only be demonstrated with one of these antisera and was observed in Purkinje cells and dendrites of the cerebellum, in pyramidal cells and dendrites of the cerebral cortex and in dendrites of the CA3 field of the hippocampus of the rat. Very low motilin-like immunoreactivity was found in cerebellum as well as in cerebral cortex using radioimmunoassay. However, using reverse phase liquid chromatography combined with UV-detection and radioimmunoassay, no peak of a peptide corresponding to synthetic motilin was detectable in rat cerebellar extracts, in contrast to findings in rat duodenum. The results do not suggest that motilin is an intrinsic neuroactive substance of the cerebellum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Atrial natriuretic peptide ; Pekin duck ; Salt gland ; Immunocytochemistry ; High performance liquid chromatography ; Radioimmunoassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A novel peptide hormone, atrial natriuretic factor/cardiodilatin (ANP/CDD), was recently isolated and characterized from mammalian heart. Its presence has been demonstrated in several organs that contribute to water and sodium homeostasis, such as salivary glands. This study demonstrates the presence of ANP/CDD immunoreactivity in the salt gland of Pekin ducks by high performance liquid chromatography, radioimmunoassay and immunocytochemistry, using a specific antibody against atriopeptide I. A small number of distinct, ovoid or cuboid shaped ANP/CDD-immunoreactive cells were localized in the connective tissue surrounding and separating the central secretory tubules, whereas no immunostaining was observed in the peripheral tubules. Salt glands of ducks that were adapted to salt water revealed a significant hypertrophy of their secretory lobules. However, no differences were found between the number or localization of immunoreactive cells in the salt gland of salt water-acclimatized ducks and non-stimulated glands of ducks that were housed with ad libitum access to fresh water. Our results indicate that ANP/CDD may play a role in the regulation of sodium secretion in the salt gland of aquatic birds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 152 (1978), S. 325-329 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Spinal cord (rhesus monkey, cat) ; Paired vessels ; Blood supply of individual spinal segments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the spinal cord of the rhesus monkey and of the cat paired vessels near the central canal are described. These paired vessels, consisting of one artery and one vein, are enveloped by a common glial sheath. In some Virchow-Robin's spaces two arteries and two veins can be observed. The physiological significance of this morphological feature is briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Lipopigment bodies ; Oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells ; Cerebellum, spinal cord,N. ischiadicus ; Cat, albino mouse, Japanese waltzing mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the oligodendrocytes of cerebellum and spinal cord and in the Schwann cells of peripheral nerves of cat, albino mouse, and Japanese waltzing mouse lipopigment bodies of different size and shape are deposited, which exhibit a characteristic internal structure. The following three subtypes can be distinguished: (1) Granules completely surrounded by a membrane and containing regularly speced lamellae, (2) granules consisting of a granular matrix with elucidations, and (3) granules with bifurcating stacks of lamellae. Thus, their structure is distinct from that found in nerve cells and other glial cells and allows the diagnosis of oligodendrocyte or Schwann cell. The significance of these granules in relation to function and aging is briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 24 (1973), S. 340-344 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Tubular Structures ; Glial Cells ; Cerebellar Cortex ; Macaca cynomolgus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the cerebellar cortex ofMacaca cynomolgus there are all types of glial cells as well as in other species. In the astrocytes, the Fañanas-cells and the microglia very often enlarged cisterns of the ergastoplasm occur in which tubular structures are located. These structures consist of very closely packed tubules with a diameter of 200 Å. The wall of the tubules is formed by a very fine granular material, their lumen is empty. These tubular structures of glial cells are only found in the cerebellar cortex. A possible similarity to viruses is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 5 (1926), S. 1225-1227 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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