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  • 1
    ISSN: 0277-5387
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 33 (1994), S. 8306-8312 
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 17 (1984), S. 2756-2761 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 121-123 (Mar. 2007), p. 109-112 
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The CdS/PVP fibers have been successfully prepared by electrospinning. Scanningelectron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-Vis absorption spectrawere used to characterize the structure. Results showed that the concentration of polymer solutionsand the CdS amount in the solvent influenced the morphology and the diameter of the electrospunfibers. The electrospinning from CdS/PVP in ethanol produced a structure having a combination offibers, ribbons, beads and an unexpected half hollow sphere (HHS) structure. When the weight ratioof CdS:PVP was kept at 1:1000, the morphologies of electrospun products changed from HHS, tobeaded fibers and ribbons, to beaded fibers, and to bead-free fibers with the increasing of the PVPconcentration
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) plateau ; source process ; moment tensor ; tectonic stress field
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract TheM s =6.9 Gonghe, China, earthquake of April 26, 1990 is the largest earthquake to have been documented historically as well as recorded instrumentally in the northeastern Qinghai-Xizang (Tibetan) plateau. The source process of this earthquake and the tectonic stress field in the northeastern Qinghai-Xizang plateau are investigated using geodetic and seismic data. The leveling data are used to invert the focal mechanism, the shape of the slipped region and the slip distribution on the fault plane. It is obtained through inversion of the leveling data that this earthquake was caused by a mainly reverse dip-slipping buried fault with strike 102°, dip 46° to SSW, rake 86° and a seismic moment of 9,4×1018 Nm. The stress drop, strain and energy released for this earthquake are estimated to be 4.9 MPa, 7.4×10−5 and 7.0×1014 J, respectively. The slip distributes in a region slightly deep from NWW to SEE, with two nuclei, i.e., knots with highly concentrated slip, located in a shallower depth in the NWW and a deeper depth in the SEE, respectively. Broadband body waves data recorded by the China Digital Seismograph Network (CDSN) for the Gonghe earthquake are used to retrieve the source process of the earthquakes. It is found through moment-tensor inversion that theM s =6.9 main shock is a complex rupture process dominated by shear faulting with scalar seismic moment of the best double-couple of 9.4×1018 Nm, which is identical to the seismic moment determined from leveling data. The moment rate tensor functions reveal that this earthquake consists of three consecutive events. The first event, with a scalar seismic moment of 4.7×1018 Nm, occurred between 0–12 s, and has a focal mechanism similar to that inverted from leveling data. The second event, with a smaller seismic moment of 2.1×1018 Nm, occurred between 12–31 s, and has a variable focal mechanism. The third event, with a sealar seismic moment of 2.5×1018 Nm, occurred between 31–41 s, and has a focal mechanism similar to that inverted from leveling data. The strike of the 1990 Gonghe earthquake, and the significantly reverse dip-slip with minor left-lateral strike-slip motion suggest that the pressure axis of the tectonic stress field in the northeastern Qinghai-Xizang plateau is close to horizontal and oriented NNE to SSW, consistent with the relative collision motion between the Indian and Eurasian plates. The predominant thrust mechanism and the complexity in the tempo-spatial rupture process of the Gonghe earthquake, as revealed by the geodetic and seismic data, is generally consistent with the overall distribution of isoseismals, aftershock seismicity and the geometry of intersecting faults structure in the Gonghe basin of the northeastern Qinghai-Xizang plateau.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Key words Sea urchins embryos ; β-Catenin ; Tcf/Lef ; Cell fate determination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Members of the Tcf/Lef family interact with β-catenin to activate programs of gene expression during development. Recently β-catenin was shown to be essential for establishing cell fate along the animal-vegetal axis of the sea urchin embryo. To examine the role of Tcf/Lef in sea urchins we cloned a Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Tcf/Lef homolog. Expression of SpTcf/Lef was maximal when β-catenin became localized to nuclei of vegetal blastomeres, consistent with its acting in combination with β-catenin to specify vegetal cell fates. Expression of a dominant-negative SpTcf/Lef inhibited primary and secondary mesenchyma, endoderm, and aboral ectoderm formation in a manner similar to that observed when nuclear accumulation of β-catenin was prevented. Our results suggest that SpTcf/Lef functions by interacting with β-catenin to specify cell fates along the sea urchin animal-vegetal axis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords NVP-DPP728 ; DPP-IV ; GLP-1 ; insulin secretion ; gastric emptying.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. The potent incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) plays a pivotal role in prandial insulin secretion. In the circulation GLP-1 (7–36) amide is, however, rapidly (t1/2:1–2 min) inactivated by the protease dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV). We therefore investigated whether DPP-IV inhibition is a feasible approach to improve glucose homeostasis in insulin resistant, glucose intolerant fatty Zucker rats, a model of mild Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Methods. An oral glucose tolerance test was done in lean and obese male Zucker rats while plasma DPP-IV was inhibited by the specific and selective inhibitor NVP-DPP728 given orally. Results. Inhibition of DPP-IV resulted in a significantly amplified early phase of the insulin response to an oral glucose load in obese fa/fa rats and restoration of glucose excursions to normal. In contrast, DPP-IV inhibition produced only minor effects in lean FA/? rats. Inactivation of GLP-1 (7–36) amide was completely prevented by DPP-IV inhibition suggesting that the effects of this compound on oral glucose tolerance are mediated by increased circulating concentrations of GLP-1 (7–36) amide. Reduced gastric emptying, as monitored by paracetamol appearance in the circulation after an oral bolus, did not appear to have contributed to the reduced glucose excursion. Conclusion/interpretation. It is concluded that NVP-DPP728 inhibits DPP-IV and improves insulin secretion and glucose tolerance, probably through augmentation of the effects of endogenous GLP-1. The improvement observed in prandial glucose homeostasis during DPP-IV inhibition suggests that inhibition of this enzyme is a promising treatment for Type II diabetes. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 1324–1331]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Pathogenesis ; major histocompatibility complex ; BioBreeding rat ; autoimmunity.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Diabetes-prone BioBreeding (DPBB) rats were fed a diabetogenic, mainly plant-based rodent diet, Purina Chow 5001, or a diabetes-retardant, hydrolysed casein-based diet. The expression of MHC class I antigens on pancreatic beta cells occurred at around 25 days of age in Purina Chow-fed rats, and progressively increased with the length of time of feeding with the Purina diet. Most of the Purina Chow-fed DPBB rats revealed hyperexpression of MHC class I antigens on their pancreatic beta cells by 50 days of age. Approximately 92 % of the hyperexpressed Purina Chow-fed DPBB rats developed severe insulitis and diabetes. In contrast, the majority of hydrolysed casein-fed DPBB rats did not show MHC class I antigen hyperexpression and these rats failed to develop insulitis or diabetes. Purina Chow-fed Wistar-Furth rats and diabetes-resistant BioBreeding (DRBB) rats showed only very weak background staining for MHC class I antigens on their beta cells. When Purina Chow-fed DPBB rats were treated with silica to inhibit macrophage infiltration into the pancreatic islets, the hyperexpression of MHC class I antigens was seen even more clearly, as beta cells remained intact. MHC class II antigens were not detected on pancreatic beta cells from DPBB, DRBB or Wistar-Furth rats, regardless of their diet. On the basis of these observations, we concluded that hyperexpression of MHC class I antigens on pancreatic beta cells was mainly restricted to Purina Chow-fed DPBB rats and that suppression of non-macrophage-dependent MHC class I antigen hyperexpression on pancreatic beta cells by a hydrolysed casein-based diet resulted in the prevention of insulitis and diabetes. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 1138–1147]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Pathogenesis ; major histocompatibility complex ; BioBreeding rat ; autoimmunity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Diabetes-prone BioBreeding (DPBB) rats were fed a diabetogenic, mainly plant-based rodent diet, Purina Chow 5001, or a diabetes-retardant, hydrolysed casein-based diet. The expression of MHC class I antigens on pancreatic beta cells occurred at around 25 days of age in Purina Chow-fed rats, and progressively increased with the length of time of feeding with the Purina diet. Most of the Purina Chow-fed DPBB rats revealed hyperexpression of MHC class I antigens on their pancreatic beta cells by 50 days of age. Approximately 92% of the hyperexpressed Purina Chow-fed DPBB rats developed severe insulitis and diabetes. In contrast, the majority of hydrolysed casein-fed DPBB rats did not show MHC class I antigen hyperexpression and these rats failed to develop insulitis or diabetes. Purina Chow-fed Wistar-Furth rats and diabetes-resistant BioBreeding (DRBB) rats showed only very weak background staining for MHC class I antigens on their beta cells. When Purina Chow-fed DPBB rats were treated with silica to inhibit macrophage infiltration into the pancreatic islets, the hyperexpression of MHC class I antigens was seen even more clearly, as beta cells remained intact. MHC class II antigens were not detected on pancreatic beta cells from DPBB, DRBB or Wistar-Furth rats, regardless of their diet. On the basis of these observations, we concluded that hyperexpression of MHC class I antigens on pancreatic beta cells was mainly restricted to Purina Chow-fed DPBB rats and that suppression of non-macrophage-dependent MHC class I antigen hyperexpression on pancreatic beta cells by a hydrolysed casein-based diet resulted in the prevention of insulitis and diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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