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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Tetrahedron Letters 5 (1964), S. 835-843 
    ISSN: 0040-4039
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Coronary arteries ; Coronary sclerosis ; Size of coronary arteries ; Growth of coronary arteries
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 300 human hearts of all age groups (pre-natal to senescence) postmortem angiographs were performed under a pressure of 100 mmHg. The largest diameters of the three coronary arteries (i.e. the right coronary artery, the left descending and the left circumflex branch) were determined. In our material we did not find ectatic coronary arteries in old age in the absence of atherosclerosis. We suggest that as a rule the larger diameters of the dissected coronary arteries in older hearts may be a postmortem phenomenon, due to the decreased elasticity of the vascular walls, which manifests itself as a progressive loss of retraction. In female hearts the cross-sectional areas of the coronary arteries were a little smaller than in male hearts of same age groups (statistically not significant). In postmortem hearts of normal weights the diameters of the coronary arteries exceeded intravital measurements of other authors by nearly 15%, but there is good correlation between our postmortem findings and intravital measurements after application of nitroglycerin. It seems that the postmortem diameters of coronary arteries after filling under physiological pressure correspond with the maximal intravital diameters. In our material we found that even in hearts beyond the critical weight coronary arteries are able to grow. Because of the limited number of hearts with an excessive weight and healthy coronary arteries we cannot decide whether under pathological conditions the growth of the coronary arteries corresponds harmonically with the growth of the myocardium. There were large variations in coronary artery diameters during the physiological and pathological growth of the heart. If only the sum of the right coronary artery and the common stem of the left main coronary artery were considered the variations were smaller. On the average the largest diameters of coronary arteries with atherosclerosis were smaller than the diameters of healthy coronary arteries. We found a good correlation between the thickening of the intima of sclerotic vessels and the decrease in their diameters. Therefore we cannot support the view that coronary arteries of hearts with infarctions are smaller before the onset of atherosclerotic lesions. Furthermore we compared the cross-sectional areas of the coronary arteries with their supplying areas. We found the best correlation for the right coronary artery. During late fetal development and childhood there was a nearly linear correlation between the increase in the sum of cross-sectional areas of the three coronary arteries and the weight of the heart. During later physiological and pathological growth of the hearts there was a progressively slower increase of the cross-sectional areas. These differences were not present when the diameter of the healthy coronary arteries was compared with the “diameter of the ventricular muscle mass” (calculated as the cube root of the weight of the ventricular part = WVP). The closest correlation of all was found between these two linear parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 243 (1986), S. 215-223 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Tracheal prosthesis ; Transplantation ; Bioprosthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We removed the tracheas from sacrificed laboratory animals and subjected this tissue to multistep chemical processing. This method allowed us to preserve the cartilage and reduce its antigenicity, thus creating a bioprosthesis very similar to the host tissue. By using allogeneic and xenogeneic prostheses so prepared, no signs of immune rejections were seen following heterotopic or orthotopic implantations. The transplanted cartilage remained stable for periods ranging up to 21 weeks in recipient rats, while partial morphologic integrity of the cartilage was seen up to 1 year in pigs. Reepithelialization of the transplant with ciliated epithelium was completed in all specimens 12–24 weeks following surgery. Segmental replacement of up to one third of the whole trachea was possible in rats, whereas similar segmental replacements failed in pigs. We also found that successful reconstruction of window-shaped defects was possible. We consider our tracheal bioprosthesis to be superior to cialit-preserved grafts and also to most other biological reconstruction procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Vascular prosthesis ; Microvascular surgery ; Bovine xenograft ; Gefäßprothesen ; Mikrogefäßchirurgie ; Bovines Xenograft
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer tierexperimentellen Studie wurde die Anwendbarkeit der neuen xenogenen bovinen kollagenen Gefäßprothese (Solcograft-P ®) als kleinkalibriger GefaBersatz (ø 〈 2 mm) untersucht. Beobachtungsdauer: 9 (n= 13), 12 (n=7) Monate. Untersuchungsmethoden: Angiographie, Histomorphologie, Rasterelektronenmikroskop. Die Durchgangigkeitsrate im untersuchten Kaliberbereich betrug insgesamt 95%. Das Prothesenkollagen wurde unter Neubildung von kollagenem und elastischem Bindegewebe teilweise abgebaut. Eine überschießende Neointimabildung war nicht zu beobachten. Die lumenseitige Auskleidung der Prothese erfolgte durch eine homogene endothelartige Zellschicht. In 30% der Fälle traten Verkalkungen bzw. Verknöcherungen auf. In einem Fall war eine aneurysmatische Dilatation in Prothesenmitte zu beobachten. Vor einer klinischen Anwendung sollte die biomechanische Belastbarkeit unter hypertensiven Kreislaufbedingungen überprüft werden.
    Notes: Summary In an animal model, we investigated the applicability of a new bovine vessel xenograft (Solcograft-P) as a small vascular substitute (ø 〈 2 mm). The observation intervals were 9 (n=13) and 12 (n=7) months. Examination methods included: angiography, light microscopy, and scanning electronic microscopy. The small-diameter xenografts examined had an overall patency rate of 95%. The prosthesis collagen was progressively substituted by newly formed collagenous and elastic connective tissue. Neointimal hyperplasia did not occur. The lumen-side surface was formed by an endotheliumlike cell layer. In 6 of 20 cases calcification and ossification were observed. In 1 case we saw an aneurysmal dilatation in the middle of the prosthesis. Before clinical application, the biomechanical properties should be examined under hypertensive circulation conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 79 (1984), S. 199-206 
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: coronary artery diameter ; heart weight ; coronary blood flow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Systematic quantitative investigations were performed in the coronary arteries of 102 hearts of 36 mammal species with an overall more than tenthousandfold difference of their heart weight. After postmortem coronary angiography with a filling pressure of 100 mm Hg x-rays were taken, and the widest diameters of the coronary artery stems were determined. We found a nearly linear correlation between diameter of a standardized coronary artery and virtual diameter of heart, but the increase in diameter of coronary arteries exceeded somewhat that of the diameter of heart especially for heart weights surmounting 100 g. Perhaps relative enlargement of coronary arteries in the bigger hearts contributes to the prevention of large increase of blood flow velocity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 360 (1983), S. 97-107 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: New bovine collagenic prosthesis ; Good compliance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine neue bovine Kollagenprothese (SolcograftP) wurde im Tierexperiment erprobt. Bei 45 Hunden wurde die infrarenale Aorta abdominalis ersetzt. In einer Nachbeobachtungszeit bis zu 18 Monaten betrug die Funktionsrate 88%. Gelenküberschreitende iliaco-femorale Bypässe wurden bei 31 Hunden, davon 5mal beidseits, implantiert. Für die neue bovine Kollagenprothese beträgt die Funktionsrate bei einer Nachbeobachtungszeit von bisher 9 Monaten 83%. 2mal kam es zu einer Wundinfektion in der Leiste, die schließlich die Entfernung der Prothese erforderlich machte. Ein Aneurysma wurde nicht beobachtet. Die befriedigenden Ergebnisse sind unserer Meinung nach auf die gute Compliance der neuen Prothese zurückzufüühren, die der natürlichen Arterie weitgehend entspricht.
    Notes: Summary A new bovine collagenic prosthesis (Solcograft P) was tested in animal experiments. In 45 dogs the infrarenal abdominal aorta was substituted. During a follow-up period of up to 18 months the functional rate amounted to 88 %. Joint-crossing iliaco-femoral bypasses were implanted in 31 dogs, 5 times in both sides. For the new bovine collagenic graft the functional rate ran up to 83 %, during a follow-up period of 9 months. A wound infection was observed twice in the inguinal region thus exacting the removal of the prosthesis. An aneurysm was not observed. In our opinion the satisfying results are due to the compliance of the new prosthesis which is similar to natural artery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 39 (1956), S. 1914-1932 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus den Samen von Strophanthus Ledienii Stein liessen sich nach Fermentierung die vier folgenden Hsuptglykoside isolieren : Periplocymarin, Cymarin, Cymarol und Emicymarin. Dieselben vier Hauptglykoside enthält auch S. Eminii, der mit S. Ledienii botanisch besonders nahe verwandt ist. Ausserdem konnten aus den Samen in kleineren Mengen drei weitere Stoffe in Kristallen erhalten werden, die als Glykoside A und C und Ledienosid (= Glykosid F) bezeichnet werden. Glykosid A wurde nicht aufgeklärt. Glykosid C ist sehr wahrscheinlich ein β-D-Digitoxosid des Periplogenins und Ledienosid ein β-u-Fucosid desselbm Aglykons Glykosid A und C unterscheiden sich somit von Periplocymarin bzw. Emicymarin nur durch das Fehlen einer Methylgruppe am Sauerstoffatom von C-3 des Zuckeranteils. Schliesslich konnten durch Papierchromatographie noch acht weitere Raymond-positive Stoffe nachgewiesen werden. Sie wurden als Glykosid D und Subst. α, E, G, W, X, Y und Z bezeichnet, konnten aber bisher nicht in Kristallen isoliert werden. Von diesen Stoffen stellt Glykosid D höehst wahrscheinlich ein β-D-Digitalosid des Strophanthidins dar, während Subst. G mit Subst. A aus S. mirabilis7 identisch sein dürfte.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 39 (1956), S. 1933-1973 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Beschaffung und die Analyse der Samen von Strophanthus Vanderijstii Staner werden beschrieben. Nach Fermentierung liessen sich im Ae- und im Chf-Extrakt durch Papierchromatographie insgesamt 19 Ruymond-positive Stoffe nschweisen. Von diesen wurden 8 in Kristallen (davon DII nur als Derivat rein) isoliert. Bunf davon (D, DII, F, FII und G) liessen sich mit den bekannten Glykosiden Sarmentocymarin, Odorosid H, Emicymarin, Desarosid und Sarnovid identifizieren. Die drei anderen (α, C und E) waren neu und wurden als Digistrosid, Vanderosid und Kwsngosid bezeichnet. Auf Grund hydrolytischer Spaltung kommt ihnen folgender Bau zu : Digistrosid = Digitoxigenin + Sarmentose (nur papierchromatographisch erschlossen), Vanderosid = Periplogenin + D-Diginose, Kwangosid = Sarmentogenin + D-Diginose. Ein weiteres neues Glykosid (A) konnte nur in smorpher, aber papierchromatographisch reiner Form isoliert werden; die Spaltung gab Periplogenin und D-Sarmentose. Ein fünftes neues Glykosid (R) konnte nicht rein erhalten werden. Nach der Untersuehung von Konzentraten lag 11-Dehydro-sarmentocymarin vor. - Die nicht in reiner Form isolierten Stoffe αII und β dürften nach Papierchromatographie mit den Odorosiden A und B identisch sein. Die hydrolytische Spaltung von Konzentraten steht damit in Einklang. Für die nur papierchromatographisch nachgewiesenen 6 Stoffe XI, CII, DI, DIII, EII und H werden hypothetische Formeln vorgeschlagen. Ein neunzehnter Stoff, EI, der auch nur in Spuren vorkam, zeigte im Papierchromatogramm eine Laufstrecke wis 16-Anhydro-strospesid.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 49 (1966), S. 1552-1580 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The structure and configuration of harpagoside, a bitter principle from the roots of Harpagophytum procumbens DC, have been elucidated by degradation reactions and NMR. spectra. The hitherto uncertain position of a secondary hydroxyl group could be assigned to C-6 of the aglycone moiety. As earlier postulated, harpagoside (1) as well as its saponification product, harpagide (12), belong to a series of natural enol ethers known as iridoids.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Five crystalline compounds (anodendrosides) have been isolated from Anodendron paniculatum (Roxb.)A. DC. (Apocynaceae). They represent glycosides containing unusual sugars. Tentative structures for anodendroside-A (155), -E1 (3), -E2 (84), -F (144) and -G (115) are now presented. These structures are based on UV., IR., but mostly on high resolution mass spectra. NMR.-spectra could be performed with A, O-acetyl-E2 and O-acetyl-G, which are in good agreement with the suggested structures. The unusual methylendioxy group postulated in the sugar moiety of A, E1 and E2 was also established by chemical methods, yielding approximately 1 Mol. equiv. of formaldehyde after acid hydrolysis of anodendroside-E2.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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