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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Total body and regional bone mineral by dual-photon absorptiometry in metabolic bone disease (1984)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 36 (1984), S. 8-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Osteoporosis ; Renal osteodystrophy ; Fractures ; Bones and bone disease ; Absorptiometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Dual-photon absorptiometry (153Gd) was used to measure bone mineral of the total body and major anatomical areas. Patients with osteoporosis (♂=11, ♀=18) and with renal osteodystrophy (n=17) were significantly below (20%) normal females (n=72) and males (n=13) at most sites. In the osteoporotic patients, but not the renal patients, there was preferential osteopenia of the spine. Bone loss in all anatomical areas became evident after the menopause with an annual loss rate of about 0.7%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405287
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The reversibility of disuse osteoporosis (1977)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 23 (1977), S. 179-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Immobilization ; Osteoporosis ; Reversibility ; Rats ; 3H-Thymidine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary One hind leg of 80 adult rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain was made osteoporotic by immobilization for 9 weeks. Osteoporosis was noted in both the femur and the tibia when the hydrated gross bone density and the bone surface areas were measured. No signs of reversibility were observed during 10 weeks after the period of immobilization. Tetracycline and DCAF labelling failed to show significant signs of increased bone formation during the 10 weeks after remobilization. At the moment of remobilization and for some weeks thereafter, there were signs of depressed mitotic activity in the bone cells when expressed as the3H-thymidine/DNA ratio. The conclusion was that neither the cell-proliferation rate nor the cellular activity increases sufficiently for restitution of the disuse osteoporosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02012784
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rib-vertebral angle asymmetry in idiopathic, neuromuscular and experimentally induced scoliosis (1997)
    Springer
    European spine journal 6 (1997), S. 84-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Rib-vertebral angle difference ; Idiopathic scoliosis ; Neuromuscular scoliosis ; Experimental scoliosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The concave and convex rib-vertebral angle (RVA) at levels T2–T12 was measured on AP radiographs of 19 patients with right convex idiopathic thoracic scoliosis and 10 patients with major thoracic right convex neuromuscular scoliosis. The difference between the angles on the concave and the convex sides, the RVAD, was calculated. The RVAs were also measured on radiographs from three animal groups in which spinal curves had been induced experimentally in a variety of ways. Group 1 comprised 16 rabbits that had been subjected to selective electrostimulation of the latissimus dorsi, the erector spinae and the intercostal muscles. Group 2 comprised four dead rabbits whose spines had been subjected to manual bending. Group 3 comprised eight rabbits that had undergone mechanical elongation of one rib. In both the idiopathic and the neuromuscular group, the convex RVA was smaller than the concave RVA between levels T2 and T8, with a maximal difference between T4 to T5. From T9 to T12 the concave RVA was smaller than the convex. The RVA in relation to the scoliotic segment, i.e. the apex level of the curve and the two neighbouring vertebrae above and below this level, showed similar results. With increasing Cobb angle the RVADs increased linearly with the greatest difference at the second vertebra above the apex. In the three experimental groups the pattern of the RVADs between T6 to T12 was basically similar to the findings of the clinical study. From the results of these clinical and experimental studies, it is concluded that the typical pattern of the RVAs on the concave and convex sides seems to be independent of the underlying cause of the spinal curvature. It is likely that the RVADs result from a passive mechanical adaptation of the ribs to the lateral curvature of the spine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01358737
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Buchbesprechungen (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 66 (1988), S. 1213-1213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01727426
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of mediolateral deformity, tibial torsion, and foot position on femorotibial load (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 108 (1989), S. 22-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The influence of mediolateral deformity, tibial torsion, and different centers of foot support was studied with a three-dimensional computer model that incorporates the significant muscles of the lower extremities needed for quasi-static walking. This theoretical method avoids the variability in gait pattern from the pain and discomfort associated with deformity in patients. The study illustrates the possible importance of the muscle force on the load across the knee and ankle. High strains in the medial gastrocnemius and the medial hamstring created particularly high loads in the medial compartment of the knee. Internal torsion and varus deformity were associated with the highest loads in the medial compartment of the knee, although the peak load for each deformity occurred in different phases of the gait cycle. Both external torsion and valgus deformity generally decreased the load in the medial compartment, but early in the gait cycle external torsion increased the loads on the medial side. In addition, when the center of support of the body was in the forefoot, the loads through the knee were lower than when foot support was at the heel. As expected, if the center of support was on the lateral foot line, the lateral compartment was subjected to more load and, conversely, when the center of support was on the medial part of the foot the medial compartment of the knee was more loaded. Although the predicted forces agree well with those found with other methods, we think that the model is best used to measure the direction of influence of specific factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00934152
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new transtrochanteric approach to the hip (1988)
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 12 (1988), S. 37-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Keywords: Hip ; Transtrochanteric approach ; Trochanteric osteotomy ; Total hip replacement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Cette voie d'abord trans-trochantérienne respecte la continuité entre grand trochanter et muscle vaste externe, permettant ainsi de prévenir les déplacements importants du grand trochanter et de respecter les branches des vaisseaux circonflexes qui lui sont destinées. Cette technique assure à la fois une bonne exposition et un risque minimum de non-consolidation: sur nos 189 patients, seuls 4 n'ont pas consolidé. Ces 4 patients, malgré leur pseudarthrose, ont une force d'abduction satisfaisante. Le déplacement du grand trochanter vers l'avant n'a jamais excédé trois cm. Bien que nous ne conseillions pas cette voie d'abord dans tous les cas, nous la préconisons chaque fois que des difficultés techniques paraissent à redouter.
    Notes: Summary This transtrochanteric approach to the hip maintains continuity between the greater trochanter and the vastus lateralis muscle, thereby preventing the gross displacement of the greater trochanter and preserving the branches of the lateral circumflex vessles to it. The procedure offers the advantages of easy exposure and a high rate of bony union between trochanter and femur. We have used the procedure in 189 consecutive operations; in only four cases did union between the bones not occur. The trochanter was never cranially displaced more than three cm, and even in the cases of non-union abductor power was good. Although we do not recommend trochanteric osteotomy for every case of total hip replacement, we suggest that the approach be used for cases where technical problems are anticipated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265739
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevention of ectopic bone formation by local application of ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (EHDP): An experimental study in rabbits (1986)
    Hoboken, NJ [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Orthopaedic Research 4 (1986), S. 18-26 
    Details
    ISSN: 0736-0266
    Keywords: Bone cement ; Diphosphonate ; Ectopic bone formation ; Rabbit ; Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This report shows that ectopic bone formation, a serious problem in orthopedic surgery, can be controlled in an animal model by local application of EHDP (disodium-ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate). The results might be particularly pertinent to the clinical problem of preventing the recurrence of ectopic bone after surgical excision. Male New Zealand white rabbits were treated with immobilization and intermittent passive manipulation of the right knee. The treatment caused bone formation in the quadriceps muscle, which was visible on radiographs after 3 weeks. In this model, the effect of methacrylate implants containing EHDP was studied. A concentration of 16 g EHDP/100 g methacrylate inhibited bone formation in experimental cortical defects. Release of radiolabeled EHDP was studied in an in vitro system. The release of the drug was approximately 20 mg/day and implant initially, decreasing to about 0.1 mg/day/implant after 30 days.Standardized implants containing 16 g EHDP/100 g were then surgically attached to the femur, and the ectopic bone formation created by immobilization and intermittent manipulation was compared with that in rabbits treated with implants but without EHDP. The ectopic bone was measured from lateral and frontal radiograms and from radiograms of serial transverse sections of the thigh. We found that the EHDP implants were capable of preventing major ectopic bone formation in all cases, whereas all rabbits with an implant containing no EHDP had substantial ectopic bone formation at the end of the experiment. There was no difference between groups in the relative amount of cartilage, connective tissue, and normal bone. We conclude that local administration of EHDP may be a useful method for prevention of ectopic bone formation under the conditions and time employed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jor.1100040103
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