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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and characterisation of IS1383, a new insertion sequence isolated from Pseudomonas putida strain H (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 170 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A new insertion sequence (IS1383) was identified on plasmids from Pseudomonas putida strain H and its nucleotide sequence was determined. IS1383 contains perfect terminal inverted repeats of 13-bp flanking a 1.4-kb internal sequence. A single significant open reading frame was identified that can encode a 342-amino acid polypeptide which was predicted to be highly basic and to have homology to polypeptides known from several other bacterial insertion sequences. At least six copies of IS1383 are present on the plasmids pPGH1 and pPGH2, whereas no copy could be detected on the chromosome of P. putida strain H. Target duplications did not flank the inverted repeats of any of the six IS1383 copies examined. Analysis of the integration sites of IS1383 revealed hints for a target specificity. Multiple sequence alignments of the transposases, the inverted repeats and the integration sites pointed to the assignment of IS1383 into a putative new family of insertion sequences defined as the IS1111 family.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13401.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    S100B protein is released by in vitro trauma and reduces delayed neuronal injury (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 91 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: S100B protein in brain is produced primarily by astrocytes, has been used as a marker for brain injury and has also been shown to be neurotrophic and neuroprotective. Using a well characterized in vitro model of brain cell trauma, we examined the potential role of exogenous S100B in preventing delayed neuronal injury. Neuronal plus glial cultures were grown on a deformable Silastic membrane and then subjected to strain (stretch) injury produced by a 50 ms displacement of the membrane. We have previously shown that this injury causes an immediate, but transient, nuclear uptake of the fluorescent dye propidium iodide by astrocytes and a 24–48 h delayed uptake by neurons. Strain injury caused immediate release of S100-beta with further release by 24 and 48 h. Adding 10 or 100 nm S100B to injured cultures at 15 s, 6 h or 24 h after injury reduced delayed neuronal injury measured at 48 h. Exogenous S100B was present in the cultures through 48 h. These studies directly demonstrate the release and neuroprotective role of S100B after traumatic injury and that, unlike most receptor antagonists used for the treatment of trauma, S100B is neuroprotective when given at later, more therapeutically relevant time points.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02812.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Critical Period-dependent Reduction of the Permissiveness of Cat Visual Cortex Tissue for Neuronal Adhesion and Neurite Growth (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 9 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: During postnatal development, the visual cortex undergoes an experience-dependent refinement of its circuitry. This process includes synapse formation, as well as synapse elimination. Both mechanisms appear to be restricted to a limited ‘critical period’ which lasts for ∼2 months in cats. We tested whether the termination of the critical period for cortical malleability is paralleled by changes in the growth permissiveness of the tissue. These changes may inhibit progressive reorganization of functional circuitries mediated by axon growth. Embryonic cortical neurons were cultured on unfixed cryostat sections of the visual cortex obtained from cats aged 2–50 weeks. After 2–3 days in vitro the distribution of viable cells and the percentage of neurite-bearing cells were determined and analysed with respect to the developmental age and subdivisions of the underlying tissue substrate. It was shown that cell adhesion and neurite formation are correlated with the developmental age of the substrate tissue and the time period of myelination. While embryonic neurons adhered and survived on grey and white matter tissue from 2- and 4-week-old kittens, there was a significant reduction in cell adhesion on the myelinated white matter regions of the tissue sections of older animals. Quantitative analyses showed that neurite formation by cultured neurons also became successively impaired on grey and white matter areas of tissue substrates, corresponding to the time course of the critical period for cortical malleability. On grey matter tissue this effect was most pronounced between the second and sixth postnatal weeks. The effects were not antagonized by coating the substrate sections with the growth-promoting molecule laminin. It is therefore proposed that neurite growth-inhibiting factors, most probably associated with central nervous system myelin, are gradually expressed postnatally and may contribute to the termination of the critical period in the visual cortex of cats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.1997.tb00758.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Power Spectral Changes of Spontaneous Beat-to-Beat Variability of the RT Interval in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology 2 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1542-474X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective: This study sought to evaluate the spontaneous beat-to-beat variability of the RT interval (RTV) as a marker of autonomic balance at the ventricle in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), as heart rate variability (HRV) primarily reflects sympathovagal interactions at the sinus node.Methods: ECG and peripheral blood pressure signals were analyzed in supine and passive head-up tilt in 19 patients with CAD. RT intervals were measured between the maximum of the QRS complex and the maximum of the T wave. Power spectral analysis of RR intervals, RT intervals, systolic and diastolic pressure were performed using discrete Fourier transformation. We calculated the area under the spectral density curve in the low (LF = 0.05–0.18 Hz) and high frequency range (HF = 0.18–0.50 Hz).Results: Tilting results in a decrease of HF in HRV to 45%± 10% (P 〈 0.05) and an increase of HF in RTV to 266%± 83% (P 〈 0.01). Total RTV was 2.4% of total HRV. In systolic blood pressure variability HF increased to 396%± 124% (P 〈 0.05), in diastolic blood pressure variability to 231%± 69% (P 〈 0.05).Conclusion: If the transfer-function of sympathetic activity to the ventricle and to the sinus node are similar, the increase of HF in RTV cannot be explained by the increase in sympathetic activity induced by tilting. It is most likely a mechanical phenomenon induced by respiration synchronous changes of the position of the heart in the thorax and transferred variabilities of the central venous pressure that can also be identified in systolic and diastolic pressure variabilities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-474X.1997.tb00317.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Previous Cytomegalovirus Infection and Restenosis after Aggressive Angioplasty with Provisional Stenting (2003)
    350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148, USA. : Blackwell Futura Publishing, Inc.
    Journal of interventional cardiology 16 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8183
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objectives : The aim of this study was to determine the impact of previous infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) on restenosis after aggressive angioplasty with provisional stenting. Design: We prospectively studied 78 consecutive patients scheduled for 6-month follow-up coronary angiography as part of the SIPS study. Anti-CMV IgG and IgM antibodies were measured on admission. Results: Anti-CMV IgG positive and anti-CMV IgG negative patients had similar minimal lumen diameter (MLD) in the target vessel before (0.68 ± 0.49 mm vs 0.71 ± 0.52 mm, P = 0.84) and directly after the intervention (2.50 ± 0.60 mm vs 2.57 ± 0.52 mm, P = 0.58). After 6 months, however, the MLD was significantly smaller in CMV-positive as compared to CMV-negative patients (1.57 ± 0.82 mm vs 2.00 ± 0.83 mm, P 〈 0.03). Net lumen gain at 6 months was significantly lower in CMV-positive patients (0.89 ± 0.79 mm vs 1.30 ± 0.87 mm, P 〈 0.04) and the rate of clinically relevant restenosis was significantly higher (31% vs 7%, P 〈 0.02). In a multivariate logistic regression model, CMV seropositivity was an independent predictor of restenosis (odds ratio 5.7 (95%CI 1.2–30.3, P = 0.04). Conclusions: Six months after aggressive coronary angioplasty with provisional stenting, patients with prior CMV infection had a smaller MLD and a higher restenosis rate. CMV seropositivity was a strong independent predictor of restenosis. (J Interven Cardiol 2003;16:307–313)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-6143.2003.08060.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    β-Carbolines in chronic alcoholics following trauma (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Addiction biology 1 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1369-1600
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In our society every second polytraumatized patient is a chronic alcoholic. A patient's alcohol-related history is often unavailable and laboratory markers are not sensitive or specific enough to detect alcohol-dependent patients who are at risk of developing alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) during their post-traumatic intensive care unit (ICU) stay. Previously, it has been found that plasma levels of norharman are elevated in chronic alcoholics. We investigated whether β-carbolines, i.e. harman and norharman levels, could identify chronic alcoholics following trauma and whether possible changes during ICU stay could serve as a predictor of deterioration of clinical status. Sixty polytraumatized patients were transferred to the ICU following admission to the emergency room and subsequent surgery. Chronic alcoholics were included only if they met the DSM-III-R and ICD-10 criteria for alcohol dependence or chronic alcohol abuse/harmful use and their daily ethanol intake was ≥ 60 g. Harman and norharman levels were assayed on admission and on days 2, 4, 7 and 14 in the ICU. Harman and norharman levels were determined by high pressure liquid chromatography. Elevated norharman levels were found in chronic alcoholics (n = 35) on admission to the hospital and remained significantly elevated during their ICU stay. The area under the curves (AUC) showed that norharman was comparable to carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) and superior to conventional laboratory markers in detecting chronic alcoholics. Seventeen chronic alcoholics developed AWS; 16 of these patients experienced hallucinations or delirium. Norharman levels were significantly increased on days 2 and 4 in the ICU in patients who developed AWS compared with those who did not. An increase in norharman levels preceded hallucinations or delirium with a median period of approximately 3 days. The findings that elevated norharman levels are found in chronic alcoholics, that the AUC was in the range of CDT on admission and that norharman levels remained elevated during the ICU stay, support the view that norharman is a specific marker for alcoholism in traumatized patients. Since norharman levels increased prior to the onset of hallucinations and delirium it seems reasonable to investigate further the potential role of norharman as a possible substance which triggers AWS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1355621961000124726
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    β-Carbolines in alcohol-dependent intensive care patients during prophylactics and therapy of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Addiction biology 3 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1369-1600
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The primary aim of this study was to investigate whether the naturally occurring beta-carbolines norharman and harman differed between alcohol-dependent patients who developed alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) and those who did not. The secondary aim was to determine whether different treatment regimens influenced the levels of the beta-carbolines. Thirty chronic alcoholics with carcinoma of the upper digestive tract were included in this study. They were prophylactically treated by two different medical regimens: flunitrazepam and clonidine (FNZ regimen) and gamma-hydroxybutyrate and clonidine (GHB regimen). Patients exceeding the Revised Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol Scale (CIWA-Ar) score of 20 were assigned to the AWS therapy group and received haloperidol in addition to their prevous prophylactic treatment. Patients without AWS remained in the prophylactic group. From days 1–4 of the intensive care unit (ICU) stay norharman, but not harman, was increased in the AWS therapy group. In the FNZ regimen, six of 16 patients (38%) and in the GHB regimen, nine of 14 patients (64%) developed AWS (p= 0.14). Norharman levels did not differ between the two regimens. However, harman levels were increased in the GHB treated regimen on days 1, 2 and 4 following admission to the ICU and correlated with the severity of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. As norharman was elevated in the therapeutically treated ICU patients, this marker appears to be involved in the pathogenesis of AWS. As harman was elevated before and during hallucinations on the GHB regimen, it seems reasonable to carry out further investigations into the potential role of harman as a hallucinatory substance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13556219872092
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natural Immunity in Schizophrenia (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 496 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb35840.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Arterial Hepatic Embolization of Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using a Cyanoacrylate/Lipiodol Mixture (1998)
    Springer
    CardioVascular & interventional radiology 21 (1998), S. 214-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-086X
    Keywords: Key words: Hepatocellular carcinoma—TAE—Embolization, transcatheter arterial
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Purpose: A survival analysis in 16 patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) using a combination of lipiodol and N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (5 : 1) was performed in a retrospective study. Methods: A combination of lipiodol and N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (5 : 1) was used for TAE. All patients had disease compatible with Okuda stages I and II. Results: Twenty-four embolizations were done; five patients had more than one embolization. Median alpha-fetoprotein levels declined from 116 to 48.6 ng/ml. A median of 0.3 ml cyanoacrylate was administered per patient. Median survival was 8.5 months (range 2–49 months). After a median follow-up of 4 years, 12 patients have died (75%). Okuda stage I and II patients had a median survival time of 34.4 and 5.5 months respectively. Few side effects (19%) were seen. Conclusion: We conclude that the TAE procedure used [lipiodol and N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (5 : 1)] is safe and produced only few side effects, thus constituting a valuable therapeutic option for patients with Okuda stage I andII HCC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002709900247
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential effects of acetylcholine in the chicken auditory neostriatum and hyperstriatum ventrale — studies in vivo and in vitro (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 161 (1987), S. 857-866 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. The effect of acetylcholine (ACh) on the response properties of single units in the caudal auditory telencephalon was studied both in awake chickens and in an in vitro slice preparation. 2. Two types of electrophysiological behavior in response to ACh were observed: an inhibition of cell firing typical for the majority of neurons in the auditory hyperstriatum ventrale and a facilitation of neuronal responses seen predominantly in neostriatal auditory units. 3. The facilitatory effect of ACh is also present in hyperstriatal cells, but is usually dominated by an indirect inhibition. 4. ACh-induced facilitation on single unit responses could be mimicked in awake birds by applying potentially arousing sensory stimuli. 5. The effects of ACh are antagonized by the muscarinic receptor blocker scopolamine. 6. Inhibitory responses can also be antagonized by the GABA-antagonist bicuculline and thus can be attributed to an ACh-induced activation of GABAergic inhibitory interneurons. Evidence is given that the facilitatory responses result from a closure of voltage-dependent potassium channels. 7. The results are discussed with respect to a possible role of cholinergic afferents in telencephalic processing of auditory information and in comparison with the cholinergic influences in the mammalian neocortex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00610227
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