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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wound Healing of Intestinal Anastomosis after Digestive Surgery under Septic Conditions: Participation of Local Interleukin-6 Expression (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular medicine 22 (1998), S. 1069-1076 
    Details
    ISSN: 1076-1551
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. This study aimed to evaluate the integrity of anastomotic wound healing after digestive surgery under septic conditions and to observe local interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression around the anastomotic segment. Experimental animals were separated into lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and control groups. Each was injected with LPS or normal saline solution into the peritoneal cavity 24 hours before transection and anastomosis of the colon. The anastomotic bursting pressure (ABP) and tissue hydroxyproline concentration (HP) were measured as indicators of wound healing. Immunohistochemical staining for IL-6 was performed on tissue samples obtained from the anastomotic segment, lung, liver, and kidney. The reactive cells were counted by light microscopy. The ABP and HP were significantly lower in the LPS group than the control group 7 days after the surgery. In the LPS group, IL-6 expression around the anastomotic segment was enhanced 1 and 6 hours after surgery but suppressed 24 hours afterward. In contrast, IL-6 expression in lung, liver, and kidney was enhanced in the LPS group 24 hours after surgery but not in the control group. It is suggested that anastomotic wound healing is impaired after digestive tract surgery under septic conditions, and local IL-6 expression participates in wound healing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689900519
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects Of Prostaglandins On Baroreflex During Reperfusion Of The Ischaemic Myocardium (2000)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Pty
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 27 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The present study was planned to: (i) determine whether the baroreflex control of heart rate (HR) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) was attenuated during reperfusion of short-term ischaemic myocardium; and (ii) study whether blockade of prostaglandin synthesis with indomethacin reversed the inhibitory baroreflex.2. Arterial pressure was lowered with intravenous sodium nitroprusside before coronary occlusion and 3 min after release of a 5 min occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery in anaesthetized rabbits. The protocol was repeated 20 min after indomethacin (5 mg/kg, i.v.) or indomethacin vehicle (50 mmol/L tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane buffer, pH 8.4) treatment. In addition, this study was performed in a group of vagotomized rabbits.3. Before indomethacin treatment, the slope of the mean arterial pressure (MAP)–RSNA relationship decreased from –3.3±0.77 to –2.01±0.69% change in RSNA/mmHg (P 〈 0.05) during reperfusion of ischaemic myocardium in intact rabbits. The decrease in the slope was reversed by administration of indomethacin. However, the decrease in the slope was not reversed by indomethacin vehicle. Furthermore, the reduction in the slope of the MAP–RSNA relationship during reperfusion of ischaemic myocardium was abolished in vagotomized rabbits. However, there was no inhibition of the slope of the MAP–HR relationship during reperfusion of ischaemic myocardium in either intact or vagotomized rabbits.4. In conclusion, our data suggest that prostaglandins released by ischaemic myocardium can attenuate the baroreflex-mediated response of RSNA to lowered arterial pressure via vagal afferents during reperfusion of short-term ischaemic myocardium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1681.2000.03245.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mitral Annular Flexibility (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cardiac surgery 12 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8191
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An analysis of three-dimensional movement of the mitral valve annulus (MVA) may address the question of geometrical change after mitral valve repair to preserve mitral annular function. Conventionally, annular contraction has been studied for this purpose. We investigated this geometrical change occurring in the anterior half of the MVA and discuss its clinical significance. Three-dimensional images of the MVA during systole were reconstructed from magnetic resonance images of eight normal subjects. The posterior half of the MVA exhibited translational motion. We assume that this portion, exhibiting translational motion as well as contraction, purely follows the motion of the left ventricular contraction. Compensating for the discrepancy between the motion of the aortic root and that of the posterior half of the MVA, the anterior half exhibited a flexible change in shape during systole, thus maintaining a sufficient left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT). The increase in the extent of displacement of the anterior MVA from the posterior half of the MVA during systole, which was 3.6 ± 1.0 mm (mean ± SD), indicates the annular flexibility. The preservation of annular flexibility may prevent LVOT obstruction. Further geometrical analysis of patients after mitral repair will clarify annular function as presented in this article.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8191.1997.tb00103.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular localization of CD44 correlates with cell proliferation and liver metastasis in colon cancer (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of clinical oncology 4 (1999), S. 78-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-7772
    Keywords: Key words CD44 ; Colon cancer ; Liver metastasis ; Cellular localization ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. The functional heterogeneity of the cell adhesion molecule family CD44 is explained by differences in its activity, which is regulated by alterations in the distribution of its cellular localization. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the functional differences in cancer cells according to variations in the cellular localization of CD44. Methods. Paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 34 colon cancers (obtained from 17 patients with liver metastasis and 17 without liver metastasis) were investigated. These tumors were classified according to the predominant pattern of cellular localization of CD44 (the isoforms CD44H, CD44v6, and CD44v9). For each CD44 isoform, the functional differences were investigated for a correlation between localization patterns and Ki-67 labeling index (to indicate cell proliferative activity), and for a correlation between localization patterns and liver metastasis. Results. On staining for CD44H, tumors displayed three localization patterns. One pattern, in which CD44H was expressed on the basal or basolateral side of the plasma membrane in cancer cells, showed a higher Ki-67 labeling index than other localization patterns (P 〈 0.01), and a higher rate of the basolateral localization pattern was observed in patients with liver metastasis than in those without (P = 0.02). On staining for CD44v6 and CD44v9, tumors showed four and three localization patterns, respectively. No significant differences in localization patterns were found in analyses of the Ki-67 labeling index and liver metastasis for either CD44v6 or CD44v9. Conclusions. A functional correlate of CD44H localization patterns was detected. In particular, cancer cells in which CD44H was localized at the basal or basolateral membranes were closely associated with high proliferative activity and high liver metastatic potential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101470050031
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of Serum Hyaluronate as a Predictor of Human Liver Failure after Major Hepatectomy (2000)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 24 (2000), S. 359-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Serum hyaluronate can be used as an index of hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cell function. This study was designed to evaluate its application as a predictor of liver failure after major hepatectomy. Thirty-six patients who underwent right liver lobectomy after percutaneous transhepatic right branch portal vein embolization were divided into two groups based on their postoperative clinical course (groups 1 and 2, with and without postoperative liver failure, n= 6 and n= 30, respectively). We serially measured serum hyaluronate levels using a sandwich binding protein assay system before and after hepatectomy and determined relations with progression of the underlying chronic liver disorder, portal venous pressure, and liver growth of the left lobe after portal embolization. Serum hyaluronate levels were significantly elevated, in line with the degree of severity of the underlying chronic liver disorder, and correlated well with the portal venous pressure and the hypertrophic ratio of the left lobe subsequent to portal embolization. Serum hyaluronate levels in group 1 were significantly higher than those in group 2 before surgery and increased steeply during the early period after hepatectomy. These results suggest that the serum hyaluronate reflects the hepatic functional reserve, and serial measurement of this parameter after hepatectomy can serve as a simple indicator for early detection of posthepatectomy liver failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689910057
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lidocaine-metabolizing Activity after Warm Ischemia and Reperfusion of the Rat Liver In Vivo (2000)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 24 (2000), S. 49-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The effect of warm ischemia on lidocaine-metabolizing activity was examined in vivo. Total liver ischemia was produced for 1 hr in Sprague-Dawley rats by clamping the portal vein and hepatic artery at the hilum. Livers were then reperfused, and liver microsomes were prepared before and 0, 2, 6, and 24 hr, and 3, 6, and 10 days after reperfusion. Microsomal lidocaine-metabolizing activity and cytochrome P-450 content were examined. Lidocaine N-deethylase activity was decreased from 2.25 ± 0.33 to 0.97 ± 0.21 nmol/mg protein/min (mean ± SD) 24 hr after reperfusion. This inhibition was prolonged, and activity gradually recovered after 10 days. The cytochrome P-450 content showed the same tendency. On the other hand, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase increased significantly 2 hr after reperfusion and returned to control levels 3 days after reperfusion. Liver blood flow recovered rapidly after unclamping and reached baseline levels within 6 hr. Our results suggest that after warm ischemia, prolonged hepatic dysfunction in drug metabolism, which cannot be detected by evaluating serum enzymes or liver blood flow, exists at the microsomal level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689910010
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological and functional alterations to sinusoidal endothelial cells in the early phase of endotoxin-induced liver failure after partial hepatectomy in rats (1998)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 433 (1998), S. 173-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Key words Sinusoidal endothelial cells ; Hyaluronate ; Defenestration ; Liver failure ; Endotoxin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Liver failure following major hepatectomy is characterized pathologically by massive hepatic necrosis, which is thought to begin with injury of sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs). To examine the early events of SECs leading to hepatic damage, we performed time-course analyses of the morphological and functional perturbation of SECs after endotoxin administration to hepatectomized rats. At 1.5 h after endotoxin injection, when hepatocellular damage was not yet evident, SECs showed augmented expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, with frequent adherence of infiltrating leucocytes and ultrastructural features of defenestration and hypertrophied cytoplasm enriched with cell organelles. The serum level of hyaluronate, as an indicator of the functional state of SECs, was significantly elevated. At 3 h, SECs underwent necrosis and disruption, accompanied by fibrin deposits with concomitant hepatocellular necrosis. The morphological and functional alterations of SECs precede necrotic changes in hepatocytes and SECs in endotoxin-induced liver failure after partial hepatectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004280050233
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protective Effects of Antithrombin III Supplementation on Warm Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Rat Liver (1996)
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 20 (1996), S. 1069-1075 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The effect of antithrombin III (AT III) supplementation on energy status, microcirculation, cytoprotection, and prostacyclin (PGI2) production during and after a period of warm ischemia of the rat liver was investigated. AT III supplementation (250 units/kg) stimulate prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) production from 1 hour after administration, with maximal production observed at 3 hours. Ischemia was induced by occluding the hepatoduodenal ligament for 30 minutes, and experiments were continued for 60 minutes after reperfusion. The rats received AT III (250 units/kg IC) 30 minutes before induction of liver ischemia (AT III group). In the AT III group, recovery of the β-ATP/inorganic phosphate ratio measured by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance showed significant improvement ( p 〈 0.01), and the recovery of tissue blood flow markedly improved ( p 〈 0.01) compared to the saline-treated group (control group). Leakages of aspartame aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase were mitigated in the AT III group ( p 〈 0.05). Ultrastructural alterations of sinusoidal endothelial cells were markedly reduced in the AT III group. The PGI 2 level at the end of reperfusion was significantly elevated ( p 〈 0.01) in the AT III group compared to the control group. The results of this study indicated that pretreatment with AT III significantly improved the energy status and microcirculation, as well as histologic damage, after liver ischemia and reperfusion. One of the fundamental effects of AT III might be mediated through the production of prostacyclin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002689900162
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of preoperative portal vein embolization on major hepatectomy for advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinomas in injured livers: A preliminary report (1997)
    Springer
    Surgery today 27 (1997), S. 403-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: portal vein embolization (PVE) ; hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ; hepatic functional capacity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract With the aim of minimizing postoperative liver dysfunction and promoting increased resectability, we employed portal vein embolization (PVE). In this study, the effect of PVE on major hepatic resection for advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in injured livers was evaluated. PVE was performed prior to hepatectomy in 13 patients with stage III and IV HCCs. Following PVE, right trisegmentectomy was performed in 3 patients, extended right lobectomy in 3 and right lobectomy in 7. To evaluate the effect of PVE, the changes in liver functional capacity and estimated remnant liver volume (ERLV), determined by computed tomography, were examined before and after PVE. The operative morbility, mortality, and survival rates after hepatectomy were also assessed. By 2 weeks after PVE, ERLV had increased in all patients, by an average of 28%, and the mean resection rates had decreased from 70.0% to 62.2%. Postoperatively, the 30-day mortality rate was 15.3%, and the 1- and 2-year survival rates were 69% and 46%, respectively. The results of this study indicate that resectability can be increased, and major hepatectomy can be made safer by employing PVE preoperatively, in view of the fact that major hepatectomy was not considered feasible without PVE in these patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02385702
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Hepatectomy with Right and Middle Hepatic Vein Reconstruction Using Total Vascular Exclusion with Extracorporeal Bypass and Hypothermic Hepatic Perfusion: Report of a Case (1998)
    Springer
    Surgery today 28 (1998), S. 547-550 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: Key Words: hepatocellular carcinoma ; hepatic vein reconstruction ; total vascular exclusion ; extracorporeal bypass ; hypothermic hepatic perfusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005950050181
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