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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words MHC class II ; Generation of diversity ; SLA-DRB1 ; SLA-DQB ; Sequence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The loci encoding the β chain of the pig major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens, SLA-DR and -DQ, have been known to exhibit a remarkable degree of allelic polymorphism. Here, to understand the generation of SLA class II polymorphism, 25 SLA-DRB1 and 24 SLA-DQB genes including newly identified 12 SLA-DRB1 and 7 SLA-DQB genes obtained from miniature pigs were analyzed based on the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences. Most of the allelic diversity was attributed to the variable sequences which encode a β1 domain consisting of a β-pleated sheet followed by an α helix. In the β1 domain coding region, there were four GC-rich sequences, which have been considered to involve the intra-exon sequence exchange also in other gene evolutions. The first and second GC-rich sequences were χ-like sequences, which have been shown to be a putative recombination signal, and were stably conserved among SLA-DRB1 and DQB genes. These χ-like sequences identified in SLA-DRB1 and SLA-DQB were found to encode the first turning point of the β-pleated sheet and the boundary between the β-pleated sheet and the α helix. Analysis of clustered sequence variation also suggested intra-exon gene conversions in which the χ-like sequences act as putative breakpoints. In addition to point mutations and selection mechanism, intra-exon gene conversions must be an important mechanism in the generation of allelic polymorphism at the SLA-DRB1 and SLA-DQB.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of serum thymic factor (FTS) on the D-variant of encephalomyocarditis (EMC-D) virus-induced diabetes and myocarditis in BALB/cAJcl mice was investigated. Mice pretreated with 50 or 10 µg of FTS were infected with 10 or 103 PFU of EMC-D virus. In the mice inoculated with 10 PFU of virus, 40% developed diabetes on post-infection day (PID) 14, whereas those treated with FTS (50 µg/administration) on day 2 and 1 before infection did not develop diabetes. FTS (10 µg)-pretreated mice developed diabetes. In histological observation, FTS non-treated mice which developed diabetes showed severe necrosis and inflammation of mononuclear cells in the islets of Langerhans and myocardia on 19 PID. Mice pretreated with 50 µg of FTS, however, manifested mild islet degeneration without any myocardial inflammation. Furthermore, in FTS non-treated mice, immunohistological staining showed a loss of insulin granules. This loss was markedly reversed and insulin granules remained largely intact in FTS-pretreated mice. Viral titers in pancreas of FTS-pretreated mice approximated well to those of non-treated mice on PID 4, 7 and 19. In mice inoculated with higher titer of EMC-D virus (103 PFU), however, 50 µg of FTS pretreatment did not change the course of these acute pathological developments (diabetes and myocarditis observed from PID 4).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Severe sialidosis ; α-Neuraminidase deficiency ; Neuropathology ; Congenital ascites ; Nephrosialidosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 56-day-old infant with α-neuraminidase deficiency, whose clinical features included severe edema of extremities and ascites which resembled those in severe infantile sialidosis, was autopsied. Perforation, whose pathogenesis was unclear, was found on the descending portion of the duodenum. Light and electron microscope studies showed that neurons in the cerebral and cerebellar corticies, and the thoracic spinal cord contained membrane-bound vacuoles but no membranous cytoplasmic bodies. Zebra bodies were found only in the neurons of the spinal cord. The neurons in the paraganglion and in the Auerbach's myenteric plexus were also distended with numerous membrane-bound vacuoles. Hepatocytes, endothelial cells and Kupffer cells in the liver and glomerular and tubular epithelial cells in the kidney were swollen with a number of vacuoles although the patient showed none of the clinical features of renal involvement. These pathological changes were similar to those in nephrosialidosis reported by Le Sec et al. [Arch Fr Pediatr 35:819–829 (1978)].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Ileum—MALT lymphoma—Plasmacytoma.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report an extremely rare case of primary ileal plasmacytoma accompanied by mixed low- and high-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type. The radiographic and macroscopic features of the tumor were characterized by two constricting lesions in the ileum. Histologic examination of the resected specimen showed that one constrictive lesion was plasmacytoma and the other MALT lymphoma was low and high grade. The plasmacytoma seemed to have differentiated from the MALT lymphoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Accreditation and quality assurance 2 (1997), S. 130-136 
    ISSN: 1432-0517
    Keywords: Key words Reference material ; Standard gas ; Standard solution ; Traceability ; Measurement Law
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  Analytical instruments used for measurements of air and water pollution are calibrated by using reference materials such as standard gases and standard solutions. In Japan, since the middle of the 1970s, those reference materials which are traceable to the national standards maintained at national research institutes have been supplied to users by reference material producers. In order to establish the primary standards and to secure the traceability from the working standards to the national ones, various analytical methods such as coulometric, titrimetric and gravimetric analyses for purity determination and highly sensitive atomic spectrometry for trace analysis have been developed as the primary methods and reference methods. The Japanese Measurement Law, revised in 1992, has introduced a new traceability system in which a public organization, a "designated calibration body", can also prepare and maintain the national standards under the advice and instruction of national research institutes. The designated calibration body can provide calibration services to reference material producers (accredited calibration bodies) by using the national standards. The reference materials supplied in conformity with the traceability system include standard gases, pH standard solutions, metal standard solutions and non-metal ion standard solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 29 (1994), S. 249-256 
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A test tunnel for the study of airfoil performances under air/water two-phase flow condition has been designed and constructed. This facility will serve for a better understanding of the flow phenomena and characteristics of hydraulic machinery under gas/ liquid two-phase flow operating conditions. At the test section of the tunnel, a two-dimensional isolated airfoil or a cascade of airfoils is installed in a two-phase inlet flow with a uniform velocity (up to 10 m/s) and void fraction (up to 12%) distribution. The details of the tunnel structure and the measuring systems are described and the basic characteristics of the constructed tunnel are also given. As an example of the test results, void fraction distribution around a test airfoil is shown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Acute lung injury ; Blood gas ; Fabric protector ; Inhalation ; Pulmonary surfactant ; Surface tension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To evaluate the role of surfactant in the mechanism and treatment of acute lung injury caused by inhalation of fabric protector. Design: Prospective, randomized study. Setting: University laboratory. Interventions: In vitro experiment: a porcine surfactant suspension (10 mg · ml−1) was exposed to a fabric protector aerosolized with an ultrasonic nebulizer for 1 min. Minimum surface tension (γ min) was sequentially measured using pulsating bubble equipment. Animal experiment: 14 adult rats were anesthetized with pentobarbital and mechanically ventilated with pure oxygen. Then, all rats inhaled fabric protector aerosolized with the nebulizer for five breaths. Three hours after inhalation, the rats were randomly assigned to two groups: a surfactant group (n = 7), in which surfactant (100 mg · kg−1) was replaced, and a control group (n = 7), in which no substance was given. Measurements and results: In vitro experiment: exposure to fabric protector aerosol increased the mean γ min of the surfactant from 1.7 to 19.2 mN · m−1 (n = 5, p 〈 0.05). Animal experiment: the mean partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) in all rats decreased from 62.8 to 17.1 kPa at 3 h after inhalation. The PaO2 in the surfactant group increased to 49.8 ± 11.1 (SD) kPa at 30 min after surfactant replacement (p 〈 0.05), while the PaO2 in the control group remained below 20 kPa. Conclusions: Impairment of surfactant is a factor involved in the development of acute lung injury caused by inhalation of fabric protector. Surfactant replacement may be therapeutic for such injuries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The machining of metal dies involves a variety of processes that include grinding, polishing andelectrical discharge machining in addition to various cutting processes such as turning, boring, and milling.The precise machining of complex dies, particularly in deep machining, has largely been done byelectrical discharge machining in the past, because the use of end mills and other cutting tools for suchwork has been difficult. In recent years, however, problems such as low machining efficiency and thecreation of an affected layer have made the use of end mill cutting tools the general approach to this task.In the research reported here, our objective was to establish guidelines for the optimum design of smallradius ball end mills for the deep machining of dies by systematic investigation of the cutting toolcharacteristics, which is to say the rotational behavior, cutting resistance, actual rate of depth of cut andmachining accuracy of small radius ball end mills.Here, the guidelines obtained for ultra-deep, highly-accurate machining that is applicable to machiningprograms and is based on quantitative results for amounts of tool wear and tool deflection thatobtained using the optimum tool shape reported earlier are presented
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 139 (1997), S. 893-894 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Astrocytoma ; calvarial erosion ; extra-medullary growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 13 (1991), S. 333-337 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Ventral and dorsal pancreas ; Branch fusion of pancreatic duct ; Ansa pancreatica ; Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) cell
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Un cas d'anastomose entre les canaux pancréatiques ventral et dorsal par l'intermédiaire de deux branches inférieures a fait l'objet d'une étude à la fois macroscopique et immuno-histochimique, basée sur l'organogénèse du pancréas. Radiologiquement, l'anastomose semblait être constituée par une branche inférieure du conduit pancréatique ventral et une branche inférieure du conduit pancréatique dorsal. La cartographie des cellules pancréatiques polypeptidiques dans le matériel obtenu par duodéno-pancréatectomie, a permis de constater que la branche anastomotique était une branche du conduit pancréatique dorsal. Ainsi, il s'agissait non pas d'une anastomose entre deux branches inférieures, mais d'une anastomose entre une branche inférieure du conduit pancréatique dorsal et le conduit pancréatique ventral. La notion d'anse pancréatique est remise en question par les auteurs.
    Notes: Summary A case of fusion via two inferior branches between the ventral and dorsal pancreatic ducts was studied both macroscopically and immunohistochemically, based on the organogenesis of the pancreas. Radiologically, the branch fusion seemed to be composed of an inferior branch of the ventral pancreatic duct and an inferior branch of the dorsal pancreatic duct. By mapping pancreatic polypeptide cells in the material obtained by pancreatoduodenectomy, however, the branch was identified as a branch of the dorsal pancreatic duct. Thus, fusion between two inferior branches was not established, but was found to consist of an inferior branch of the dorsal pancreatic duct connected with the ventral pancreatic duct. We therefore challenge the concept of the ansa pancreatica.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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