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  • 1
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Prostaglandin H synthase-2 — Anti-inflammatory agent — JTE-522 — Indomethacin — Gastric ulcer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective and Design: The antinociceptive, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects of JTE-522, a novel selective prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS)-2 inhibitor, were examined in rats.¶Materials: Sheep seminal vesicle PGHS-1 and placenta PGHS-2 were used for in vitro assay, while for in vivo experiments, male rats (4–8 weeks old) were used.¶Treatment: JTE-522 and reference compounds (0.01–100 μM) were subjected to enzyme assay. JTE-522 (0.3–30 mg/kg) and indomethacin (0.3–10 mg/kg) were administered orally.¶Results: JTE-522 inhibited PGHS-2 (IC50: 0.64 μM) without affecting PGHS-1 activity at 100 μM. In rats with yeast-induced hyperalgesia, JTE-522 showed a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect (ED50: 4.4 mg/kg). In rats with yeast-induced pyrexia, JTE-522 significantly reversed the pyrexic response (ED50: 3.9 mg/kg). Orally administered JTE-522 dose-dependently inhibited carrageenin-induced rat paw edema (ED30: 4.7 mg/kg). In rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis, JTE-522 showed a significant inhibitory effect at daily doses of 0.3–3 mg/kg. JTE-522 did not cause severe gastric lesions at oral doses up to 300 mg/kg.¶Conclusions: Our results indicate that the selective PGHS-2 inhibitor JTE-522 may represent a novel type of anti-inflammatory drug without adverse effects on the gastrointestinal tract. JTE-522 may thus be a promising agent for treating both acute inflammatory diseases and chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: JTE-522 — Adjuvant arthritis — Prostaglandin H synthase-2 (PGHS-2) — Bone change — Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective and Design: To investigate the effect of JTE-522, a novel selective prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS)-2 inhibitor, on adjuvant-induced arthritis and bone changes.¶Subjects: Male Lewis rats at 8 weeks old were immunized with heat-killed mycobacteria.¶Treatment: JTE-522 (0.1–30 mg/kg) and indomethacin (0.1–3 mg/kg) were administered orally once-daily after immunization.¶Methods: Paw swelling, bone changes in arthritic paws and vertebrae, urinary levels of deoxypyridinoline and pyridinium crosslinks, and the incidence of gastric lesions were determined in arthritic rats.¶Results: JTE-522 (from 0.3 mg/kg) suppressed the development of paw swelling, and also reduced bone damage (score and bone mineral density) in arthritic paws and the urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline and pyridinium crosslinks. However, JTE-522 did not cause gastric lesions even at 30 mg/kg in arthritic rats.¶Conclusions: These results suggest that JTE-522 possesses potent anti-arthritic activities and suppressive activity on inflammatory bone resorption without gastric side effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: JTE-522 — Cyclooxygenase-2 — Prostaglandin — Thromboxane — Western blot
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective and Design: To investigate the effect of JTE-522, a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor, on prostaglandin (PG) production and COX expression in rats.¶Subjects: Male rats (4-8 weeks old) were used for in vivo experiments, while for in vitro assay, rat peritoneal macrophages were used.¶Treatment: JTE-522 (1-100mg/kg) and indomethacin (0.03-10mg/kg) were administered orally. JTE-522 and reference compounds (0.01-10 μM) were subjected to COX expression.¶Results: JTE-522 inhibited the development of carrageenin-induced paw edema and PGE2 production in inflammatory paws at a dose of 10mg/kg. On the other hand, JTE-522 (1-100 mg/kg) did not affect A23187-stimulated thromboxane B2 release from whole blood or the PGE2 level in gastric mucosa. JTE-522 did not suppress lipopolysaccharide-induced COX-2 expression in peritoneal macrophages.¶Conclusion: These results indicate that JTE-522 selectively inhibits PG production mediated by COX-2 in inflammatory tissues. JTE-522 may thus represent a novel type of anti-inflammatory drug without adverse effects on the gastrointestinal tract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 22 (1997), S. 35 -40 
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Stomach—Gastric cancer—Magnetic resonance imaging—Dynamic study, contrast media
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) images in 37 patients with gastric cancers were obtained by a two-dimensional fast multiplanar spoiled gradient technique. The degree of tumor invasion was classified into four grades regarding a low-intensity band between the stomach and surrounding fat. Advanced gastric cancer was strongly enhanced, appearing as a thickened wall, by the contrast medium during the early to delayed phases of dynamic studies. The extent of invasion of the adjacent organs was diagnosed by the difference in enhancement between the tumor and the parenchyma. The sensitivity of extraserosal invasion was 93%. Dynamic MR diagnosis is useful for evaluating the extent of gastric carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 49 (1980), S. 67-69 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Staining method for paraffin sections ; Astrocyte ; Silver impregnation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A new method of staining astrocytes in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections was devised: (1) fix them in 5% mercuric chloride solution for 30 min to 1 h at 56°C, (2) then place in 0.5% iodine alcohol for 5 min followed by placing in 0.5% sodium thiosulfate for 5 min, (3) immerse in 0.25% potassium permanganate for 3 min, (4) place in 2% oxalic acid for 2 min, (5) mordant in 2% iron alum for 45 s, and (6) place in 2% silver nitrate solution for 30 min. The next step is impregnation in ammoniacal silver solution for 10–15 min at 56°C, followed by reduction in neutral formalin and 2% iron alum, toning in 0.2% gold chloride, and fixing in 5% sodium thiosulfate. Pathological astrocytes of fibrillary and protoplasmic types were distinctly demonstrated, although nerve cells and nuclei of oligodendrocytes and microglial cells were also faintly stained. Thus, the staining for paraffin sections is fairly selective for astrocytes in pathological states.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Pallido-nigro-luysial atrophy ; Combined system degeneration ; Progressive supranuclear palsy ; Corpora amylacea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of pallido-nigro-luysial atrophy, characterized by symptoms typical of progressive supranuclear palsy, presented (1) severe symmetrical abiotrophic degeneration of the globus pallidus, substantia nigra, and subthalamic nucleus and (2) widespread accumulations of corpora amylacea in the CNS. The former is thought to be consistent with pallidonigro-luysial atrophy and we regard it as a combined system degeneration of both the pallido-nigral and the pallido-luysial systems. The significance of the latter is quite obscure. As far as we know, only three cases of pallido-nigro-luysial atrophy have been reported. However, there is no reported case of this disorder with such widespread and massive accumulations of corpora amylacea as in our case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 54 (1981), S. 89-93 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Nasu-Hakola's disease ; Membranous lipodystrophy ; Sclerosing leukodystrophy ; Axonal neurofilamentous spheroid ; Neuroaxonal leukoencephalopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An autopsy case of Nasu-Hakola's disease (membranous lipodystrophy) was reported. A 29-yearold Japanese woman whose younger sister had been affected with typical Nasu-Hakola's disease with skeletal and neuropsychiatric sysdromes and membranocystic lesions in the bones developed forgetfulness and lack of initiative. The clinical features were characterized by diminished drive, apathy, euphoria, disturbance of attention, amnestic syndrome, and gait disturbance. The elinical course of her illness was 8 years. The neuropathologic examination revealed marked symmetrical gliosis of the cerebral white matter (sclerosing leukodystrophy) predominantly in the frontal and temporal lobes with slight or moderate demyelination (dissociation glio-myelinique) and widespread axonal changes such as fragmentation and spheroid in the white matter of the cerebral hemisphere, cerebellum, basal ganglia, and brain stem. The ultrastructure of spheroids showed neurofilamentous accumulation. We discussed the importance of axonal changes with regard to the pathogenesis and etiogenesis of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 78 (1989), S. 131-136 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Senile plaque ; Alzheimer's disease ; Brain stem ; Distribution ; Morphology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The morphology, incidence and distribution of senile plaques in the brain stem were examined in 15 cases of Alzheimer's disease, using mainly the Methenamine-Bodian method. The plaques were found in all cases and were grouped into three types according to their morphology. They were not randomly scattered in the brain stem, but had a distribution common to all cases. There were numerous plaques in the periaqueductal gray, superior colliculus, fourth-ventricle floor and superior central nucleus. The plaques were also found less abundantly in the reticular formation, substantia nigra, pontine nucleus and inferior olivary nucleus. There was a tendency for certain plaque types to be associated with specific regions. In the familial cases, the plaques tended to occur even in the regions where they were rare in other cases. The capillaries with plaque-like degeneration were observed not infrequently in the brain stem. The distribution of plaques did not always coincide with that of neurofibrillary tangles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Senile plaque ; Morphology ; Familial Alzheimer's disease ; Methenamine-Bodian method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution and morphology of senile plaques (SPs) in the cerebral cortices and subcortical nuclei of six cases of familial Alzheimer's disease (AD) were examined using the Methenamine-Bodian method and compared with those of sporadic AD cases. SPs were grouped into three types according to their morphology. SP types were generally constant at each anatomical site in all of the cases. The SPs of familial cases, however, had a greater tendency to fuse together than those of sporadic cases, especially in the cingulate cortex, presubiculum and striatum. This tendency was more evident in cases with severe amyloid angiopathy. Here it appeared that a SP type corresponding to “diffuse plaques” at least in part, might be formed by transformation from another type. In the globus pallidus, all the familial cases had many compact-like plaques which appeared to be derived from “drusige Entartung” of the capillaries. Furthermore, the regional proportion of two types of SPs occuring in this nucleus varied along its anteroposterior axis. These findings may be the histological hallmarks of atypical AD rather than familial AD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Aging ; PAS-positive granular structures ; Learning disturbance ; Senescence accelerated mouse (SAM)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Abnormal granular structures, which stained positively with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS-positive granular structures; PGS), were observed in the brain of senescence accelerated mouse (SAM). They were small, round to ovoid, homogenous structures measuring up to 5 μm in diameter and usually grouped in clusters. PGS were localized in the hippocampus, piriform cortices, olfactory tubercle, nucleus of the trapezoid body, and cerebellar cortices. Quantitative analysis revealed that PGS remarkably increased in the hippocampus of SAM-P/8, a substrain of SAM, with advancing age, although a few PGS also appeared in the aged control mice, SAM-R/1 and DDD. Their histochemical nature, morphological features and distribution pattern were different from those of corpora amylacea and other similar bodies. A close anatomical relationship between PGS and glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive astrocytes was inferred from immunohistochemical studies. PGS is considered to be one of the morphological manifestations of senescence in mice brains, and are found to occur more numerously in the brains of learning or memory deficit mice, SAM-P/8.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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