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  • 1
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Glioma ; cellular immunity ; immunotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Whereas substantial evidence indicates that the majority of glioma patients make humoral immune responses to their own tumours, the evidence that glioma patients make significant cellular immune responses is more tenuous and controversial. In order to study those properties of human gliomas that might contribute to their ability to escape cell-mediated immune attack, we have examined the ability of cultured human glioma cells to elicit allogeneic cytolytic lymphocyte responses in vitro. Five of ten glioma lines were unable to elicit allogeneic cytolytic lymphocyte responses in mixed lymphocyte-tumour cultures, despite the presence of serologically detectable alloantigens on the surface of the glioma cells. Analysis of the reasons why certain glioma lines failed to stimulate cytolytic lymphocyte responses revealed three distinct mechanisms by which human gliomas may escape cellular immune attack: 1. a defect in immunogenicity which can be overcome by “help” from an allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction, 2. the secretion of a protective mucopolysaccharide coat, and 3. the production of macromolecular immunosuppressive substance(s). The implications of these findings for the immunotherapy of human gliomas are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 540 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Endothelin-1 ; capillaries ; vasoconstrictor peptide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Modulation of immunoreactive endothelin-1 (IR-ET-1) production by vasoactive substances was investigated in cultured endothelial cells (EC) derived from capillaries and microvessels of human brain. Peptides, catecholamines, thrombin, protein kinase C-activating phorbol ester, and calcium ionophore enhanced the secretion of IR-ET-1. The known vasoconstrictive peptides, angiotensin II (Ang II) and arginine-vasopressin (AVP) dose-dependently stimulated the endothelial secretion of IR-ET-1. The angiotensin and vasopressin-inducible production of IR-ET-1 was completely inhibited by their respective receptor antagonists [Sar1, Ala8]-angiotensin II and [1–6 (β-mercapto-β,β-cyclopentamethylene propionic acid), 2-O-methyl-tyrosine]. The results indicate that the peptide-stimulated secretion of IR-ET-1 is receptor-mediated in EC which have specific angiotensin II and arginine-vasopressin receptors. These findings represent the first demonstration of IR-ET-1 production by capillary and microvascular endothelium of human brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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