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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 1687-1689 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A comparative study pertaining to the molecular beam epitaxial growth of GaAs directly on silicon-on-sapphire and (101¯2) sapphire substrates has been made. Thermal strain is significantly reduced in these heteroepitaxial GaAs films as compared with GaAs on silicon; however, the (111) GaAs epitaxy on nominal (101¯2) sapphire contains double-position boundaries. Hall effect measurements and current-voltage characteristics from metal-semiconductor contacts show that GaAs grown on silicon-on-sapphire is superior to GaAs grown on (101¯2) sapphire under the experimental conditions employed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Characterization of heteroepitaxial GaAs grown on silicon-on-sapphire that had been microstructurally upgraded by the double solid phase epitaxy process reveals that microtwining and surface roughness are substantially reduced. Moreover, the thermally induced elastic strain in the GaAs film is found to be reduced by over a factor of 4 from the strain measured in GaAs-on-Si (100) grown in the same manner. The low-temperature photoluminescence characteristics are similar to GaAs homoepitaxial films grown by molecular beam epitaxy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 2927-2938 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Reflectance spectroscopy has been applied to the study of A-B-A double-heterostructure (DH) layer sequences in the AlGaAs and InGaAsP materials systems, consisting of an A epitaxial layer on a B epitaxial layer on a substrate of material A. In the spectral regime where the materials are transparent, the reflectance spectrum exhibits periodic oscillations due to thin-film interference. Both epitaxial layer thicknesses may always be determined by performing computer simulations of the DH reflectance spectrum, obtaining a best fit to spectral data. Simple algorithms far less computation intensive than curve fitting the spectrum are developed here, which can be used to deduce both epitaxial layer thicknesses in many cases. The choice of algorithm depends primarily on the thickness of the B layer. Fourier transform infrared measurements have been used to apply this technique to a variety of A-B-A DH systems for B layers ranging from 0.01 to 3.8 μm thick. The simulated and measured reflectance spectra are in good agreement. The optical results show a systematic offset of 2% from transmission electron microscopy measurements with a standard deviation of 1%. An analytical expression for the modulation amplitude of the reflectance spectrum oscillations, which depends on the thickness and composition of the epitaxial layers, is developed. This theoretical expression justifies the thickness algorithms and predicts a nearly linear relationship between the modulation amplitude of the reflectance spectrum and the refractive index (composition) of the B layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 2939-2944 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Reflectance spectroscopy has been applied to the study of lattice-matched InGaAs(P)/InP single epitaxial layers and InP/InGaAs(P) double-heterostructure systems on InP substrates. In the spectral regime where the materials are transparent, the reflectance spectra exhibit periodic oscillations. The amplitude of the oscillations is related to the magnitude of the refractive index discontinuity. An analytical expression has been derived which relates the modulation amplitude of these oscillations to the thickness and refractive index (composition) of the epitaxial layers. This allows for refractive index (composition) determination from reflectance alone without prior knowledge of the thickness of the epitaxial layers. Experimental Fourier transform infrared measurements have been used to verify this relationship for InGaAs(P) layers ranging from As mole fraction 0.18 to 1. Values of the composition of the layers obtained by this method are in good agreement with values obtained using photoluminescence measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 65 (1989), S. 4299-4305 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial layers of InGaAs on InP are the building blocks in optoelectronic device fabrication, where the dependence of the band gap on composition is utilized in device design. The band gap can be determined from the photoluminescence peak energy and composition from lattice size. This work reports a detailed correlation between both the room-temperature (300 K), and low-temperature (7 K) photoluminescence peak energy of epitaxial InGaAs, and the lattice mismatch relative to InP as measured by x-ray double-crystal diffraction. Nominally undoped 1- and 2-μm-thick layers of high quality InGaAs were grown on InP (001) by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The relaxed mismatch for these coherent layers was between −0.18% and 0.12%. The observed dependence of the 7-K photoluminescence energy on lattice mismatch confirms the theory of People [Appl. Phys. Lett. 50, 1604 (1987); Phys. Rev. B 32, 1405 (1985)] and Kuo et al. [J. Appl. Phys. 57, 5428 (1985)] which includes the effect of strain on the J= (3)/(2) valence band. The 7 K photoluminescence energy of zero mismatch InGaAs grown on semi-insulating InP substrates ([Fe]=1016 cm−3) was 0.804±0.002 eV and of zero mismatch InGaAs grown on n-type ([S]=2×1019 cm−3) substrates was 0.801±0.002 eV. This difference is attributed to the difference in absolute lattice constant for the two types of substrates. The correlation was extended to room-temperature photo- luminescence where the peak recombination energy depends on the excitation conditions. Simple spectral line-shape analysis showed that the λ 1/2 max (taken from the low-energy side of the peak) was a reliable figure of merit and could be used to estimate the degree of lattice mismatch independent of excitation conditions. This algorithm is applied to the nondestructive mapping of whole wafers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 2244-2249 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have measured the Hall carrier concentration nH(T) and the Hall mobility μH(T) for some n-type, Si-doped GaAs/AlxGa1−xAs heterostructures (x=0.2 and 0.3) in the range 4.2–320 K for different levels of continuous illumination by a red light emitting diode. We interpret these data with the model of the interface carrier density described in the following paper [W. R. McKinnon and C. M. Hurd, J. Appl. Phys. 61, 2250 (1987)], which explains qualitatively the gross features in the temperature dependencies. The interpretation shows the effects of both deep and shallow donors, and of the magnetic field dependence arising from parallel conduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 5598-5600 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A nondestructive optical means of determining the activated hole concentration in p-type polar semiconductors is described. The Raman spectra from coupled plasmon-longitudinal-optical-phonon modes in five samples of Be-doped GaAs are measured and fitted using a theory which takes into account the degenerate light- and heavy-hole valence bands. The results indicate that coupled plasmon-longitudinal-optical-phonon modes in p-type material differ both quantitatively and qualitatively from those in n-type semiconductors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 3516-3518 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: InGaAsP/InP quantum well (QW) ridge waveguide lasers emitting nominally at 1310 nm have been "blue-shifted'' selectively (as much as 70 nm) on a full 50-mm-diameter wafer after growth. P+ ion implantation at 1 MeV, 200 °C through a variable thickness SiO2 mask was used to induce various degrees of QW intermixing after postimplantation annealing at 700 °C. Irrespective of the amount of intermixing induced (blue shift), all fabricated devices exhibited 20–25 mA lasing threshold current and 0.25–0.30 W/A differential quantum efficiency. Device reliability was equivalent to standard (nonimplanted) lasers when the wavelength shift was 35 nm or less, corresponding to predicted lifetime in excess of 25 years while operating cw at 25 °C. The performance and reliability data clearly indicate that the concentration of residual defects introduced in the active region by the implantation/annealing process is negligibly small. The present results, which are a product of a straightforward fabrication process, suggest the possibility of manufacturing high-reliability, low-cost, monolithically integrated optoelectronic chips containing, for example, selectively tuned lasers, optical amplifiers, modulators, and waveguides. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 57 (1990), S. 670-672 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A novel planar separate absorption, charge sheet, grading and multiplication avalanche photodiode (APD) structure incorporating a partial charge sheet in the device periphery is described, which allows for straightforward fabrication of APD devices without the use of guard rings. Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition grown, Zn-diffused InP/InGaAs APD devices have been fabricated. High dc gains well in excess of 100 and a low primary dark current of 0.1 nA at 0.99 of the breakdown voltage VB have been measured for a 40-μm-diam device. The receiver sensitivity for a bit error rate of 10−9 at a bit rate of 400 Mbit/s was −41 dBm. The −3 dB electrical bandwidth was 2.5 GHz, and the gain-bandwidth product was 30 GHz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 56 (1990), S. 2080-2082 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Preliminary experimental results are reported on two-wavelength switching in a GaAs-based multiple quantum well planar directional coupler. It is verified that a novel design of the multiple quantum well (MQW) coupling region leads to a wavelength multiplexing/demultiplexing/switching operation. It is shown that control of such a function can be exercised by either the wavelength of operation or by an applied electrical voltage through exciton resonance effects in the MQW layer. The layer structure exhibits two exciton-resonance peaks at which wavelength-selective switching can be achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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