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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 40 (1991), S. 581-584 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Scalp hair ; ofloxacin ; dosage history ; hair growth rate ; index of exposure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Several strands of hair were collected from each of patients who had been taking ofloxacin against bacterial infections some time in the past. In 10 out of total 14 subjects studied the drug was detected only in the hair portions corresponding to the administration period with the assumption of the hair growth rate of about 1 cm/month. Even in a subject who had received 300 mg/day of ofloxacin only for two days the drug could be detected in the corresponding portion. In 3 subjects the drug was detected in some other portion(s) than the corresponding ones. This might be due to the uncertainty of having used the drug on the other occasion. Only in one subject the dosage history could not be deduced from the drug distribution along hair length. In 3 subjects, who had taken the drug within 1 month, hair samples were collected every month for 3 or 4 consecutive months. The front of drug appearance in hair was clearly shown to move outwards along hair shaft every month at a pace of 1–1.5 cm/month. These results suggest that ofloxacin is excreted into human scalp hair, captured there and moves outwards along the hair shaft at its own growth rate. This leads to the concept that the distribution of ofloxacin along hair length can be used for knowing the individual exposure or non-exposure to the drug, and even for knowing hair growth rate when the innoculation(s) of the drug is strictly supervised and recorded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Stab wound ; autoradiography ; peripheral benzodiazepine receptor ; gliosis ; PK-11195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Chronological studies of the development of the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor sites were undertaken with the goal of evaluating the sensitivity of this marker for the study of the gliosis development in the injured brain. No significant increase in [3H] PK-11195 binding occurred in the rat brain stab wound one day following the puncture. A significant increase in the receptor density (Bmax) from the second day onward was observed. The Bmax reached its highest levels in the grey matter on the sixth day after a 23-gauge needle wound (8.75 ± 0.09; pmol mg-tissue−1) and on the seventh day after an 18-gauge needle wound (8.98 ± 0.31 pmol mgtissue−1). In the white matter, the Bmaxwas greatest seven days after the wound (3.42 ± 0.07; pmol mg-tissue−1; 23-gauge needle and 3.56 ±0.1 pmol mg-tissue−1 in the 18-gauge needle injury). Between 30 and 60 days after the wound, the Bmax was significantly lower than the Bmax observed between 6 and 14 days. The Bmax in the wound produced with needles was seven to eight times greater than the Bmax in the grey matter of the ipsilateral and contralateral cortices. Histological examination showed that there were no astrocytes or macrophages in the stab wound one day after the lesion. However, the glial fibrillary acidic protein positive cells and macrophages appeared on D3 after an injury. Gliosis, as measured by the PK-11195 binding, was also observed in the remote contralateral cortex. Data shows that PK-11195 binding is a very sensitive method of evaluating brain injury and could be of great value in studying progressive injuries in the living human brain in conjunction with positron emission tomography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Anterior cerebral artery aneurysms; subarachnoid haemorrhage; outcome; surgery.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  The clinical factors affecting the outcome of patients with ruptured distal anterior cerebral artery (ACA) aneurysms were analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis.  The medical records were reviewed of 52 patients (57 aneurysms) with ruptured distal ACA aneurysms operated on by the same neurosurgeon over 25 years. The standard policy was early surgery for patients in Hunt and Kosnik grades I to IV. Age, sex, Hunt and Kosnik grade, timing of operation, size of aneurysms, number of aneurysms, association of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH), intraventricular haemorrhage, and azygos ACA, use of temporary clipping , occurrence of premature rupture, and presence of psychiatric change were investigated. Univariant analysis disclosed that clinical grade (P=0.0006), size of aneurysm (P=0.005), and size of ICH (P=0.012) affected the outcome of patients. Multiple logistic regression analysis found that Hunt and Kosnik grade (P=0.010) and timing of operation (P=0.033) affected the outcome. There was no significant relationship between long-term outcome and clinical factors, although a close relationship was found with Hunt and Kosnik grade (P=0.071).  Clinical grade and timing of the operation affected the outcome of patients with ruptured distal ACA aneurysms. Patients harboring ICH of over 3 cm diameter in poor grades should also be carefully treated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0003-2697
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 218 (1968), S. 768-769 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Experiments were carried out in winter. Wild bats (Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum) in hibernation were caught and divided into two groups: the hibernating and the artificially awakened. Bats of the hibernating group were kept dormant in a cold (about 5 C) and dark room until they were decapitated. The ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 41 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The distribution of gangliosides was studied in the weaver (wv/wv) mutant mouse, where the vast majority of postmitotic granule cell neurons die prior to their differentiation. The wv mutation also shows a dosage effect, as granule cell migration is slowed or retarded in the +/wv heterozygotes. By correlating changes in ganglioside composition with the well-documented histological events that occur during cerebellar development in the normal (+/+), heterozygous (+/wv), and weaver (wv/ wv) mutant mice, information was obtained on the cellular localization and function of gangliosides. Ganglioside GM1 may be enriched in granule cell growth cones and play an important role in neurite outgrowth. A striking accumulation of GM1, which may result from altered metabolism, occurred in the adult wvlwv mice. GD3 was heavily concentrated in undifferentiated granule cells, but was rapidly displaced by the more complex gangliosides during differentiation. GD1a became enriched in granule cells during formation of synaptic and dendritic membranes, whereas GT1a appeared enriched in Purkinje cell synaptic spines. A possible fucose-containing ganglioside was quantitated only in the wvlwv mice. Ganglioside GT1b became enriched in granule cells during synaptogenesis, whereas GQ1b became enriched in these cells after synaptogenesis. The concentrations of GT1b and especially GQ1b increased continuously with age. Our results provide further evidence for a differential cellular enrichment of gangliosides in the mouse cerebellum and also suggest that certain gangliosides may be differentially distributed within the membranes of these cells at various stages of development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Spinal cord ; neoplasms ; Ependymoma ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We retrospectively reviewed the MRI findings in 28 patients with an intramedullary spinal cord ependymoma who underwent surgical treatment. There were 26 tumours in the cervical and two in the thoracic spine. T1- and T2-weighted and contrast-enhanced images at 1.5 T were obtained in all cases. T1-weighted imaging showed solid tumour as isointense in 13 patients, high-signal in ten and low signal in five. In contrast, T2-weighted imaging showed all tumours as high signal. Contrast enhancement was heterogeneous 13 patients, homogeneous 10, heterogeneous with cyst wall enhancement in three, and a nodule on a cyst wall was seen in two. Cases with these latter patterns require careful differential diagnosis from astrocytoma or haemangioblastoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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