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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Mitochondrial myopathy ; Ragged red fibers ; In situ hybridization ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In situ hybridization combined with immunohistochemical techniques has been applied to study patients affected by mitochondrial myopathies with large mitochondrial (mt)DNA deletions. All patients' muscle biopsies showed ragged red fibers (RRFs) and cytochrome oxidase (COX) deficiency. Two digoxygenin-labeled, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplifed DNAs were used as probes. One probe was designed to hybridize only with wild-type mtDNAs, while the other recognized both wild-type and deleted mtDNAs. Concomitant immunocytochemical analysis using antibodies against subunits II, III, (encoded by mtDNA) and IV (encoded by nuclear DNA) of COX was carried out. In our patients deleted mtDNAs are overexpressed in COX-negative RRFs, while wild-type mtDNAs are decreased in the same fibers. Immunohistochemistry studies show that COX IV is overexpressed in RRFs and that COX II and COX III subunits are still present. Deleted mtDNAs are spatially segregated in muscle fibers, where they interfere with the local population of normal mitochondrial genomes, causing a regional deficiency of the mitochondrial respiratory activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 59 (1983), S. 70-74 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Mitochondrial myopathy ; Giant mitochondria ; Familial mitochondrial myopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The most prominent ultrastructural feature of muscle tissue in two siblings with a childhood-onset myopathy was the presence of giant mitochondria of up to 4 μm in length. The mitochondria had no tendency to aggregate and kept their normal localization among the myofibrils. Such a megaconial myopathy was first described by Shy and Gonatas (1964), In our family two members had the disease and consanguinity between their parents was present. These data suggest that megaconial myopathy might be a real nosologic entity genetically transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Localized hypertrophic neuropathy ; Electron microscopy ; Immunohistochemistry ; Nerve growth factor receptor ; Schwann cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunoreactivity for nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) was examined using a monoclonal antibody against human NGFR in the sural nerve of a 24-year-old woman, affected by localized hypertrophic neuropathy (LHN). NGFR expression was correlated with electron microscopy and with immunoreactivity for S-100 protein, laminin, HLA-DR, HNK-1, P0 glycoprotein and neurofilament peptides. Our results indicate that in LHN most of whorl-forming cells are NGFR positive and S-100 protein or HLA-DR negative. These data along with the ultrastructural features suggest their origin from perineurium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Immunohistochemistry ; Vimentin ; Desmin ; Muscle ; Regeneration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Localization and distribution of desmin and vimentin have been studied in different neuromuscular disorders using monoclonal antibodies. We have demonstrated that vimentin, although virtually absent in normal human muscle fibers, is expressed in regenerating fibers in different neuromuscular disorders. Moreover, these fibers showed a strong positivity with desmin antibodies. In normal muscle fibers desmin is only localized at Z-line level. These results suggest that desmin and vimentin may be over-expressed during muscle regeneration processes, probably because of their importance in the structural organization of the sarcomere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Cell Biology International Reports 10 (1986), S. 212 
    ISSN: 0309-1651
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Cell Biology International Reports 10 (1986), S. 212 
    ISSN: 0309-1651
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 83 (1985), S. 519-523 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Polymyxin B was used as a probe to label anionic phospholipids in skeletal muscle plasma membrane. This antibiotic produces muscle surface membrane lesions that can be identified in both thin sections and freeze-fracture replicas. The membrane perturbations assumed a patchy distribution with a preferential localization at the level of the I band and A-I bands junction. Intramembraneous particles were also observed within the lesions. We consider the possibility that microdomains of anionic phospholipids in muscle plasma membrane may function in the binding of Ca++.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Ophthalmoplegia plus ; Peripheral neuropathy ; Glycogen storage, ophthalmoplegia plus ; Polyneuropathy, ophthalmoplegia plus ; Mitochondria, abnormal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Beschreibung eines Falles von Ophthalmoplegia externa mit Polyneuropathie und einer Hypertriglyzeridämie vom Typ IV. Hochgradige Verlangsamung der motorischen und sensiblen Erregungsleitung im peripheren Nerven. Im Gesicht war das Ergebnis der Nadelmyographie eher auf Myopathie verdächtig. In der Biopsie des Musculus biceps und Musculus peronaeus brevis zeigten sich zahlreiche „ragged red fibers“, vorwiegend vom Typ I, die im elektronenmikroskopischen Bild abnorme Mitochondrien enthielten. Andere Fasern, sämtliche vom Typ II, wiesen einen erhöhten Glykogengehalt zwischen den Myofibrillen oder Subsarkolemmal auf, während die Mitochondrien normal erschienen. Diese letztgenannten Fasern waren zahlreicher im Musculus peronaeus brevis. Die Nervenbiopsie zeigte einen ausgesprochenen Verlust an myelinisierten Fasern, jedoch waren in den Schwannschen Zellen weder Anomalie der Mitochondrien noch Glykogenspeicherung sichtbar. Biochemische Untersuchungen bestätigten den vermehrten Glykogengehalt in beiden Muskelbiopsien und zeigten eine Verminderung der Guanilzyklase. Hingegen waren Phosphorylase, Phosphorylase-b-Kinase, Adenilzyklase und Karnitin in normaler Konzentration vorhanden. Es wird die Pathogenese des Syndromes diskutiert und die Beziehung zwischen den mitochondrialen Anomalien und der Vermehrung des Glykogens im Muskelgewebe besprochen.
    Notes: Summary A case of progressive extrinsic ophthalmoplegia associated with peripheral neuropathy and hypertriglyceridemia type IV is described. Motor and sensory conduction velocities of the spinal nerves were severely decreased, while the EMG of the facial muscles was more suggestive of a myopathic disorder. Electron microscopic study of biopsies of biceps and peroneus brevis muscles disclosed many ragged red fibers, mainly type I, which contained typical abnormal mitochondria. Other fibers, all type II, contained increased amounts of glycogen between myofibrils or beneath the sarcolemmal membrane, but the mitochondria were normal. These fibers were more abundant in the peroneus brevis than in the biceps muscle. Nerve biopsy revealed marked loss of myelinated fibers, but neither mitochondrial changes nor glycogen storages were evident in Schwann's cells. Biochemical investigations confirmed the increased amount of glycogen in both muscle biopsies and revealed a decrease of guanilcyclase. Phosphorylase, phosphorylase b kinase, adenilcyclase, and carnitine concentrations were all normal. The pathogenesis of this syndrome is discussed and the relationship between mitochondrial abnormalities and glycogen accumulation in muscle tissue are considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 223 (1980), S. 73-84 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Carnitine deficiency, familial ; Lipid storage myopathy ; Dysmetabolic myopathy ; Mitochondrial myopathy ; Myopathy with lipid storage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird ein Fall von Fettspeichermyopathie mit Karnitinmangel beschrieben. Die Fettspeicherung ist auch in der Leber, jedoch nicht in den Leukozyten und in den Schwannschen Zellen der peripheren Nerven nachweisbar. In den letztgenannten sowie im Muskelgewebe kann im Elektronenmikroskop eine Glycogen-Speicherung nachgewiesen werden, möglicherweise als unmittelbare Folge des Karnitinmangels auf dem Glycogen-Stoffwechsel. In der Muskulatur der Mutter des Exploranden kann ebenfalls eine zu niedrige Karnitinkonzentration nachgewiesen werden, wobei ein Überschuß an Fettröpfchen und Mitochondrien zwischen den Myofibrillen und subsarko lemmal sichtbar ist. Histochemisch läßt sich ein Überwiegen der Typ-I-Fasern sowohl beim Patienten wie bei den Eltern nachweisen. Die Autoren vermuten, daß im vorliegenden Fall die Krankheit rezessiv autosomal vererbt worden ist.
    Notes: Summary A case of lipid storage myopathy with systemic carnitine deficiency is reported. There was lipid storage also in the liver but not in leukocytes or the Schwann cells of peripheral nerves. Carnitine concentration was normal in the father but below normal in the mother's muscle where abnormal accumulations of lipid droplets and mitochondria were present between the myofibrils and beneath the sarcolemmal sheath. Histographic analysis demonstrated type I fiber predominance in the patient and in his parents. Hereditary transmission of the disease through a recessive autosomal mechanism might be admitted in this case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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