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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy with a micromechanical calorimeter sensor (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 3099-3103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We describe a new type of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectroscopy that is based on a calorimeter sensor. We use an atomic force microscopy cantilever coated with a ferromagnetic thin film as a bimaterial sensor to measure absorption of microwaves at 9.17 GHz. The spectra show a peak in the cantilever deflection as a function of applied magnetic field corresponding to a peak in the absorbed microwave power that occurs at the FMR resonance of the ferromagnetic film. The saturation magnetization Meff and the damping factor α were determined from the FMR microwave absorption spectra for Co, NiFe, and Ni thin films. The data correlate well with conventional FMR spectra taken with a tuned cavity spectrometer. Our instrument can detect magnetic moments as small as 1.3×10−12 A m2 (1.3×10−9 emu) with prospects for sensitivity improvements to the 1×10−16 A m2 (1×10−12 emu) level. The technique provides a potentially superior way to make quantitative measurements of saturation magnetization of thin-film samples with very small total magnetic moments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1305508
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Problems with cryogenic operation of piezoelectric bending elements (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 990-992 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Piezoelectric bimorphs constructed from lead titanate-zirconate (PZT) ceramic bonded to a brass sheet have been tested at cryogenic temperatures to determine their suitability for use in a low-temperature micropositioner. Experimental data are presented on bimorph sensitivity (displacement per volt) as a function of the number of temperature cycles. Results indicate that bimorphs of this type cannot be calibrated because of irreversible changes in the bending characteristics that occur while cycling from room temperature to 4 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138652
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Break junction measurement of the tunneling gap of a thallium-based high-temperature superconductor crystal (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 1463-1465 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have used the break junction method to measure the tunneling gap of a thallium-based high-temperature superconductor crystal in liquid helium at 4 K. The crystal was predominantly Tl2CaBa2Cu2O7 and had a superconducting onset temperature of 105 K. Tunneling data showed a symmetric gap about zero bias between two well-defined conductance peaks in the conductance versus voltage curve. The gap is consistent with a Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer energy gap (Δ) of 30 meV assuming a superconductor-insulator-superconductor electrode configuration. In addition, a supercurrent could be detected when the break junction was operated in a point-contact mode at temperatures as high as 95 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102286
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic force microscopy images of magnetic garnet with thin-film magnetic tip (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 1156-1158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present magnetic force microscopy images of YGdTmGa/YSmTmGa magnetic garnet, using a thin magnetic film deposited on Si3N5 atomic force microscopy tips. We have found correlations between the topography and the magnetic domain structure. We show that by using either magnetized Fe-Ni bilayer tips versus unmagnetized single layer Fe tips that the image contrast shows domains versus domain walls, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.110837
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Superparamagnetic magnetic force microscopy tips : The 40th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 6448-6450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report on magnetic force microscopy (MFM) images of a thin-film magnetic recording head taken using batch micromachined silicon tips coated with nanocomposite Fe60(SiO2)40 and Fe70(SiO2)30 films. The small Fe grain size (〈10 nm) and dilute Fe volume fraction (0.29–0.4) of these granular films produce tip coatings of low remanence and essentially zero coercivity, reduced by the superparamagnetic properties of these films. We have used these tips to obtain MFM images of the write field of the head with high spatial and magnetic-field resolution. In comparison to images taken using commercial Co85Cr15-coated tips, these MFM images show reduced tip memory effects and clearly delineate the gap field from the pole pieces. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.361969
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    dc magnetic force microscopy imaging of thin-film recording head : 38th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6878-6880 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Using a new form of magnetic force microscope (dc MFM) magnetic force images of a thin-film recording head have been made. Using dc MFM, atomic force microscope images are presented of the surface topography and magnetic forces taken simultaneously, allowing direct correlation of magnetic fields to the pole pieces. Magnetic force images of the head at typical head-to-disk spacings are presented. The tips used for these images had two different magnetic coatings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356978
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for the superconducting proximity effect in junctions between the surfaces of YBa2Cu3Ox thin films (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 1477-1479 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have used the squeezable electron tunneling junction technique for testing the electrical properties of the surfaces of YBa2Cu3Ox (YBCO) thin-film electrodes. As deposited and annealed, the surfaces of the electrodes were insulating at 4 K. Several methods were used to improve the electrical properties of the electrodes' surfaces including rapid thermal annealing, oxygen sputter etching, and thin Ag coating treatments. The greatest improvement occurred after a deposition of a 5 nm Ag coating and subsequent rapid thermal anneal of one set of YBCO films. Under these conditions it was possible to make a superconducting Josephson point contact between the surfaces of the electrodes. We think that the Ag acts as a normal-metal proximity layer effectively shunting the degraded electrodes' surfaces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.101409
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cryogenic bathysphere for rapid variable-temperature characterization of high-Tc superconductors (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 2535-2538 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A bathysphere consisting of an inverted Dewar flask for submersible operation in cryogenic fluids is used to measure the resistance of superconductors, including high-Tc superconducting copper oxides, as a function of temperature from 4 to 300 K. We describe the cryostat incorporating the bathysphere and present data on NbTi (44% Ti) and YBa2Cu3O7−δ with respective superconducting transitions temperatures of 9.5 and 91.5 K. There are several advantages of the bathysphere method. The cryostat is of simple, compact design easily adapted to high-field applications where magnet bore size is a limiting factor. The sample and thermometer are thermolyzed in the dry vapor trapped at the top of the bathysphere. Temperature can be varied rapidly from 300 to 4 K at a rate of 1 K min with less than a 0.1 K thermal lag between the sample and thermometer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139893
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new look at the Bitter method of magnetic imaging (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 62 (1991), S. 844-845 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A scanning tunneling microscope (STM) was used in place of an optical microscope in the Bitter method to image the magnetic ferrofluid particles on the surface of a hard disk. The resolution obtainable with the usual Bitter method is limited by the optical viewing of the magnetic particles. Using the scanning tunneling microscope, we have obtained image resolution limited only by the ferrofluid particle size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142048
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Micromechanical detectors for local field measurements based on ferromagnetic resonance (invited) (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 7086-7090 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurements were performed on micrometer-size thin-film samples deposited onto a micromechanical cantilever detector. The FMR response is coupled to cantilever motion in one of three ways: (1) By measuring the change in torque on the sample in a uniform field; the FMR precession reduces the static magnetic moment of the sample with a resultant change in torque. (2) By measuring the damping torque acting on the FMR precession. (3) By measuring the energy absorbed in FMR using a bimaterial cantilever as a calorimeter sensor. Our instrument is capable of measuring the FMR response in permalloy samples as small as 2×10−11 cm3 in ambient conditions with a signal-to-noise ratio of 100. In addition we demonstrate that this system can be used as a quantitative scanning probe magnetic field microscope. Using the magnetic field sensitivity of the FMR response in a small ferromagnetic particle, we have achieved 50 A/m field resolution on 20 μm length scales. Both dc fields and microwave fields were imaged. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1354583
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